Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 22 - 22
Published: Dec. 23, 2021
In
recent
years,
increasing
evidence
regarding
the
functional
importance
of
lipid
droplets
(LDs),
cytoplasmic
storage
organelles
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
has
emerged.
Although
not
abundantly
present
CNS
under
normal
conditions
adulthood,
LDs
accumulate
during
development
and
aging,
as
well
some
neurologic
disorders.
are
actively
involved
cellular
turnover
stress
response.
By
regulating
excess
fatty
acids,
cholesterol,
ceramides
addition
to
their
subsequent
release
response
cell
needs
and/or
environmental
stressors,
energy
production,
synthesis
membranes
signaling
molecules,
protection
cells
against
lipotoxicity
free
radicals.
Accumulation
appears
predominantly
neuroglia
(astrocytes,
microglia,
oligodendrocytes,
ependymal
cells),
which
provide
trophic,
metabolic,
immune
support
neuronal
networks.
Here
we
review
most
findings
on
characteristics
functions
neuroglia,
focusing
astrocytes,
key
homeostasis-providing
CNS.
We
discuss
molecular
mechanisms
affecting
LD
how
this
may
protect
neural
function.
also
highlight
role
(and
potential
contribution)
neuroglial
aging
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
116(43), P. 21592 - 21601
Published: Oct. 7, 2019
All
cells,
including
nonexcitable
maintain
a
discrete
transmembrane
potential
(
V
mem
),
and
have
the
capacity
to
modulate
respond
their
own
neighbors’
changes
in
.
Spatiotemporal
variations
been
described
developing
embryonic
tissues
some
cases
implicated
influencing
developmental
processes.
Yet,
how
such
are
converted
into
intracellular
inputs
that
turn
regulate
gene
expression
coordinate
patterned
tissue
formation,
has
remained
elusive.
Here
we
document
of
limb
mesenchyme
switches
from
hyperpolarized
depolarized
state
during
early
chondrocyte
differentiation.
This
change
increases
Ca
2+
signaling
through
influx,
via
1.2,
1
L-type
voltage-gated
channels
(VGCCs).
We
find
1.2
activity
is
essential
for
chondrogenesis
limbs.
Pharmacological
inhibition
by
an
VGCC
specific
blocker,
or
limb-specific
deletion
down-regulates
genes
differentiation,
Sox9
,
Col2a1
Agc1
thus
disturbs
proper
cartilage
formation.
The
-dependent
transcription
factor
NFATc1,
which
known
major
transducer
signaling,
partly
rescues
expression.
These
data
reveal
instructive
roles
development,
more
generally
expand
our
understanding
modulation
membrane
used
as
mechanism
regulation.
eNeuro,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
6(2), P. ENEURO.0262 - 18.2019
Published: March 1, 2019
Abstract
Proliferation
and
migration
during
adult
neurogenesis
are
regulated
by
a
microenvironment
of
signaling
molecules
originating
from
local
vasculature,
CSF
produced
the
choroid
plexus,
supporting
cells
including
astrocytes.
Here,
we
focus
on
function
OTX2
homeoprotein
transcription
factor
in
mouse
ventricular-subventricular
zone
(V-SVZ),
which
generates
olfactory
bulb
neurons.
We
find
that
secreted
plexus
is
transferred
to
V-SVZ
rostral
migratory
stream.
Deletion
Otx2
affects
neuroblast
reduces
number
newborn
Adult
was
also
decreased
expressing
single-chain
antibodies
sequester
CSF,
demonstrating
importance
non-cell-autonomous
OTX2.
show
activity
modifies
extracellular
matrix
components
Thus,
reveal
multilevel
role
reinforce
astrocytes
as
key
niche
compartments
affecting
neurogenesis.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 22 - 22
Published: Dec. 23, 2021
In
recent
years,
increasing
evidence
regarding
the
functional
importance
of
lipid
droplets
(LDs),
cytoplasmic
storage
organelles
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
has
emerged.
Although
not
abundantly
present
CNS
under
normal
conditions
adulthood,
LDs
accumulate
during
development
and
aging,
as
well
some
neurologic
disorders.
are
actively
involved
cellular
turnover
stress
response.
By
regulating
excess
fatty
acids,
cholesterol,
ceramides
addition
to
their
subsequent
release
response
cell
needs
and/or
environmental
stressors,
energy
production,
synthesis
membranes
signaling
molecules,
protection
cells
against
lipotoxicity
free
radicals.
Accumulation
appears
predominantly
neuroglia
(astrocytes,
microglia,
oligodendrocytes,
ependymal
cells),
which
provide
trophic,
metabolic,
immune
support
neuronal
networks.
Here
we
review
most
findings
on
characteristics
functions
neuroglia,
focusing
astrocytes,
key
homeostasis-providing
CNS.
We
discuss
molecular
mechanisms
affecting
LD
how
this
may
protect
neural
function.
also
highlight
role
(and
potential
contribution)
neuroglial
aging
