Archives of Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
95(7), P. 2279 - 2297
Published: May 18, 2021
Over
the
last
decade,
important
clinical
benefits
have
been
achieved
in
cancer
patients
by
using
drug-targeting
strategies.
Nevertheless,
drug
resistance
is
still
a
major
problem
most
therapies.
Epithelial-mesenchymal
plasticity
(EMP)
and
tumour
microenvironment
described
as
limiting
factors
for
effective
treatment
many
types.
Moreover,
epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
has
also
associated
with
therapy
different
preclinical
models,
although
limited
evidence
obtained
from
studies
samples.
In
this
review,
we
particularly
deepen
into
mechanisms
of
which
intermediate
epithelial/mesenchymal
(E/M)
states
its
interconnection
to
influence
resistance.
We
describe
how
use
bioinformatics
pharmacogenomics
will
help
figure
out
biological
impact
EMT
on
develop
novel
pharmacological
approaches
future.
Cancer Discovery,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(1), P. 31 - 46
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
The
hallmarks
of
cancer
conceptualization
is
a
heuristic
tool
for
distilling
the
vast
complexity
phenotypes
and
genotypes
into
provisional
set
underlying
principles.
As
knowledge
mechanisms
has
progressed,
other
facets
disease
have
emerged
as
potential
refinements.
Herein,
prospect
raised
that
phenotypic
plasticity
disrupted
differentiation
discrete
hallmark
capability,
nonmutational
epigenetic
reprogramming
polymorphic
microbiomes
both
constitute
distinctive
enabling
characteristics
facilitate
acquisition
capabilities.
Additionally,
senescent
cells,
varying
origins,
may
be
added
to
roster
functionally
important
cell
types
in
tumor
microenvironment.
SIGNIFICANCE:
Cancer
daunting
breadth
scope
its
diversity,
spanning
genetics,
tissue
biology,
pathology,
response
therapy.
Ever
more
powerful
experimental
computational
tools
technologies
are
providing
an
avalanche
"big
data"
about
myriad
manifestations
diseases
encompasses.
integrative
concept
embodied
helping
distill
this
increasingly
logical
science,
new
dimensions
presented
perspective
add
value
endeavor,
fully
understand
development
malignant
progression,
apply
medicine.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Aug. 7, 2020
The
use
of
biomarkers
in
diagnosis,
therapy
and
prognosis
has
gained
increasing
interest
over
the
last
decades.
In
particular,
analysis
cancer
patients
within
pre-
post-therapeutic
period
is
required
to
identify
several
types
cells,
which
carry
a
risk
for
disease
progression
subsequent
relapse.
Cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs)
are
subpopulation
tumor
that
can
drive
initiation
cause
relapses.
At
time
point
initiation,
CSCs
originate
from
either
differentiated
or
adult
tissue
resident
cells.
Due
their
importance,
characterize
have
been
identified
correlated
prognosis.
However,
shown
display
high
plasticity,
changes
phenotypic
functional
appearance.
Such
induced
by
chemo-
radiotherapeutics
as
well
senescent
alterations
microenvironment.
Induction
senescence
causes
shrinkage
modulating
an
anti-tumorigenic
environment
undergo
growth
arrest
immune
attracted.
Besides
these
positive
effects
after
therapy,
also
negative
displayed
post-therapeutically.
These
unfavorable
directly
promote
stemness
CSC
plasticity
phenotypes,
activating
pathways
non-CSCs,
promoting
escape
activation
pathways.
end,
all
lead
relapse
metastasis.
This
review
provides
overview
most
frequently
used
markers
implementation
focussing
on
deadliest
solid
(lung,
stomach,
liver,
breast
colorectal
cancers)
hematological
(acute
myeloid
leukemia,
chronic
leukemia)
cancers.
Furthermore,
it
gives
examples
how
might
be
influenced
therapeutics,
such
radiotherapy,
It
points
out,
crucial
monitor
residual
CSCs,
pro-tumorigenic
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
follow-up
using
specific
biomarkers.
As
future
perspective,
targeted
immune-mediated
strategy
chimeric
antigen
receptor
based
approaches
removal
remaining
chemotherapy-resistant
personalized
therapeutic
approach
discussed.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: April 16, 2019
Abstract
The
identity
and
unique
capacity
of
cancer
stem
cells
(CSC)
to
drive
tumor
growth
resistance
have
been
challenged
in
brain
tumors.
Here
we
report
that
expressing
CSC-associated
cell
membrane
markers
Glioblastoma
(GBM)
do
not
represent
a
clonal
entity
defined
by
distinct
functional
properties
transcriptomic
profiles,
but
rather
plastic
state
most
can
adopt.
We
show
phenotypic
heterogeneity
arises
from
non-hierarchical,
reversible
transitions,
instructed
the
microenvironment
is
predictable
mathematical
modeling.
Although
were
similar
vitro,
accelerated
reconstitution
provides
advantage
vivo,
suggesting
tumorigenic
potential
linked
intrinsic
plasticity
than
CSC
multipotency.
any
given
reconstitute
cautions
against
therapies
targeting
epitopes.
Instead
inherent
emerges
as
novel
relevant
target
for
treatment.
