Role of Glial Cells and Receptors in Schizophrenia Pathogenesis

Neurochemical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(2)

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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Recent optical approaches for anatomical and functional dissection of neuron–astrocyte circuitry

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in brain, are wired into neural circuits through close contact with neuronal pre‐ and post‐synapses, called tripartite synapses. The mutual communication between neurons astrocytes is crucial for circuit dynamics animal behaviour. Recent advancements imaging, manipulation transcriptomics have revealed that exhibit spatiotemporally complex computations represent circuit‐specialised functions molecular makeups. However, understanding neuron–astrocyte circuitry by means of conventional anatomical methods hindered due to technical limitations. In this review, we highlight recently developed optical, genetic viral techniques enable high‐throughput identification connected pairs specificity. These approaches will accelerate functional dissections health disease future studies. image

Language: Английский

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Uncovering synaptic and cellular nanoarchitecture of brain tissue via seamless in situ trimming and milling for cryo-electron tomography

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2025

Abstract Cell-cell communication underlies all emergent properties of the brain, including cognition, learning and memory. The physical basis for these communications is synapse, a multi-component structure requiring coordinated interactions between diverse cell types. However, many aspects three-dimensional (3D) synaptic organization remain poorly understood. Here, we developed an approach, seamless in situ trimming milling (SISTM), to reliably fabricate sufficiently thin lamellae mapping 3D nanoarchitecture synapses mouse, monkey human brain tissue under near-native conditions via cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We validated SISTM mouse model Huntington’s disease, demonstrating distinct alterations vesicles mitochondria. By successfully applying macaque described architecture tripartite synapse within cortex. Subtomogram averaging (STA) enabled spatial astrocyte-neuron contacts revealing neurexin-neuroligin complexes as potential constituents that tether two Finally, showed defining features were conserved across species evident obtained postmortem. Combining with cryo-ET STA starting point new understanding organization, disease-induced structural development rational, structure-guided therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Role of glial cells in neurotoxicological effects of alcohol

Advances in neurotoxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on Common Neuroglial Dysfunctions (Critical Review and New Data on Human Brain and Models)

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 1101 - 1101

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are pathologies that affect millions of people worldwide. They have no effective therapy difficult to prevent control when they develop. It has been known for many years these diseases pathogenic aspects in common. We highlight this review neuroglial cells (astroglia, oligodendroglia, microglia) play a vital role the origin, clinical-pathological development, course brain neurodegeneration. Moreover, we include new results T2D-AD mouse model (APP+PS1 mice on high-calorie diet) investigating.

Language: Английский

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Single-Cell Sequencing Insights into the Transcriptional Landscape of Parkinson's Disease

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102553 - 102553

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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