Diverting organic waste from landfills via insect biomanufacturing using engineered black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens)

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 24, 2024

Abstract A major roadblock towards the realisation of a circular economy are lack high-value products that can be generated from waste. Black soldier flies (BSF; Hermetia illucens ) gaining traction for their ability to rapidly consume large quantities organic wastes. However, these primarily used produce small variety products, such as animal feed ingredients and fertiliser. Using synthetic biology, BSF could developed into novel sustainable biomanufacturing platform valorise broader waste feedstocks enhanced feeds, biomolecules including industrial enzymes lipids, improved

Language: Английский

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Protecting the piglet gut microbiota against ETEC-mediated post-weaning diarrhoea using specific binding proteins

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 2, 2024

Abstract Post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in piglets presents a widespread problem industrial pig production and is often caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strains. Current solutions, such as antibiotics medicinal zinc oxide, are unsustainable increasingly being prohibited, resulting dire need for novel solutions. Thus, this study, we propose evaluate protein-based feed additive, comprising two bivalent heavy chain variable domain (V H H) constructs H-(GGGGS) 3 -V H, BL1.2 BL2.2) an alternative solution to manage PWD. We demonstrate vitro that these bind ETEC toxins fimbriae, whilst they do no affect bacterial growth rate. Furthermore, show oral administration of after challenge reduced proliferation when compared challenged control (1-2 log 10 units difference gene copies count/g faeces across day 2–7) resulted week 1 enrichment three families ( Prevotellaceae (estimate: 1.12 ± 0.25, q = 0.0054) , Lactobacillaceae 2.86 0.52, 0.0012), Ruminococcaceae 0.66 0.18, 0.049)) within the gut microbiota appeared later piglets, thus pointing earlier transition towards more mature microbiota. These data suggest V may find utility additive tackling reducing risk PWD piglet populations.

Language: Английский

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Development of a Biotinylated Nanobody-Based Gold Nanoparticle Immunochromatographic Assay for the Detection of Procymidone in Crops

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(35), P. 13137 - 13146

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

A heavy-chain antibody (VHH) library against procymidone (PRM) was constructed via immunizing Bactrian camels. Through careful biopanning, seven nanobodies (Nbs) with different sequences were obtained. The variability in their performance primarily attributed to the amino acid differences complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3), as analyzed by molecular docking. Nb exhibiting highest sensitivity, named NbFM5, biotinylated and conjugated streptavidin-labeled gold nanoparticles preserve epitope’s activity prevent a decrease sensitivity due traditional random electrostatic adsorption. Subsequently, simple sensitive immunochromatographic assay (ICA) developed for rapid detection of PRM based on (btNb). btNb-ICA showed cut-off value 200 ng/mL visual judgment half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) 6.04 quantitative detection. limit (LOD) low 0.88 ng/mL. recoveries actual samples crops ranged from 82.2 117.3%, aligning well results obtained GC–MS/MS (R2 = 0.995). In summary, demonstrated high specificity good accuracy residues vegetables. total analysis time preparing sample obtaining result less than 25 min.

Language: Английский

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NANOBODY® Molecule, a Giga Medical Tool in Nanodimensions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(17), P. 13229 - 13229

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Although antibodies remain the most widely used tool for biomedical research, antibody technology is not flawless. Innovative alternatives, such as Nanobody® molecules, were developed to address shortcomings of conventional antibodies. molecules are antigen-binding variable-domain fragments derived from heavy-chain-only camelids (VHH) and combine advantageous properties small monoclonal present a size (~15 kDa, 4 nm long 2.5 wide), high solubility, stability, specificity, affinity, ease cloning, thermal chemical resistance. Recombinant production in microorganisms cost-effective, VHH also building blocks multidomain constructs. These unique features led numerous applications fundamental diagnostics, therapy. employed biomarker probes and, when fused radioisotopes or fluorophores, represent ideal non-invasive vivo imaging agents. They can be neutralizing agents, receptor-ligand antagonists, targeted vehicle-based drug As early 2018, first Nanobody®, Cablivi (caplacizumab), single-domain (sdAb) by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi treatment adult patients with acquired thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP), was launched. compounds tools further development clinics diagnostic therapeutic purposes.

Language: Английский

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Food-Borne Biotoxin Neutralization in Vivo by Nanobodies: Current Status and Prospects

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(19), P. 10753 - 10771

Published: May 6, 2024

Food-borne biotoxins from microbes, plants, or animals contaminate unclean, spoiled, and rotten foods, posing significant health risks. Neutralizing such toxins is vital for human health, especially after food poisoning. Nanobodies (Nbs), a type of single-domain antibodies derived the genetic cloning variable domain heavy chain (VHHs) in camels, offer unique advantages toxin neutralization. Their small size, high stability, precise binding enable effective The use Nbs neutralizing food-borne offers numerous benefits, their malleability allows tailored optimization diverse toxins. As nanotechnology continues to evolve improve, are poised become increasingly efficient safer tools neutralization, playing pivotal role safeguarding environmental safety. This review not only highlights efficacy these agents but also proposes innovative solutions address current challenges. It lays solid foundation further development this crucial field propels commercial application, thereby contributing significantly advancements domain.

Language: Английский

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Advances in IgY antibody dosage form design and delivery strategies: Current status and future perspective

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 140291 - 140291

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Monoclonal Antibodies: A Brief Review on Delivery Trends

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 79 - 85

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

Immunoglobulin derivatives which are derived from the monoclonal cell line and offers a wide range of specificity antibodies. They specially produced by hybridoma technology fusion B-cells with immortal myeloma cells in presence PEG. Humanized mAbs considered to be fastest growing group clinical trials. After development, these undergoes analytical evaluation for their efficient characterization. Developed hybridomas can preserved long term use through cryopreservation techniques. Monoclonal antibodies delivered therapeutic purpose various systemic non-systemic routes. Large groups found very effective oral routes ophthalmic Besides application treatment infectious autoimmune diseases, therapeutics show different limitations. after development suffers stability issues using techniques, increased. With advancement science technology, we observe advances antibody like brain targeting is possible engineering Variability control challenges serum based acquisitions, consumption time, difficulty potential limitation sequence epitope diversity etc. some associated Keywords: Immunoglobulin, Hybridoma Technology, Cryopreservation, Antibody Engineering

Language: Английский

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Orally delivered toxin–binding protein protects against diarrhoea in a murine cholera model

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract The ongoing seventh cholera pandemic, which began in 1961, poses an escalating threat to public health. There is a need for new control measures, particularly ones that can be produced at low cost, the one billion people living cholera-endemic regions. Orally delivered V H Hs, functioning as target-binding proteins, have been proposed potential approach gastrointestinal pathogens. Here, we describe development of orally deliverable bivalent construct binds B-pentamer toxin, showing it inhibits toxin activity murine challenge model. Infant mice given prior V. cholerae infection exhibit significant reduction toxin–associated intestinal fluid secretion and diarrhoea. In addition, reduces colonization levels small intestine by factor 10. This toxin–binding protein holds promise protecting against severe diarrhoea associated with cholera.

Language: Английский

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Nanoscale warriors against viral invaders: a comprehensive review of Nanobodies as potential antiviral therapeutics

mAbs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 9, 2025

Viral infections remain a significant global health threat, with emerging and reemerging viruses causing epidemics pandemics. Despite advancements in antiviral therapies, the development of effective treatments is often hindered by challenges, such as viral resistance emergence new strains. In this context, novel therapeutic modalities essential to combat notorious viruses. While traditional monoclonal antibodies are widely used for treatment several diseases, nanobodies derived from heavy chain-only have emerged promising "nanoscale warriors" against infections. Nanobodies possess unique structural properties that enhance their ability recognize diverse epitopes. Their small size also imparts properties, improved bioavailability, solubility, stability, proteolytic resistance, making them an ideal class therapeutics review, we discuss role antivirals various Techniques developing nanobodies, delivery strategies covered, challenges opportunities associated use therapies discussed. We offer insights into future nanobody-based research support managing

Language: Английский

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Allergenicity, Genotoxicity and Subchronic Toxicity Assessment of IgG Binding Protein LT Produced From Aspergillus oryzae

Journal of Applied Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal health is one of the fastest growing areas in food and beverage industry, as its importance to overall well‐being becoming increasingly recognized. Immunoglobulins play a key role protecting gastrointestinal tract, nonbovine sources immunoglobulins (including camel milk, which has long history consumption East Africa Asia) are increasing popularity Western countries functional foods, particularly for individuals with allergies or intolerances cow's milk. The physiological benefits consuming certain heavy‐chain from milk relate binding domains camelid single‐domain antibodies; thus, novel protein termed “immunoglobulin G (IgG) LT” (a dimer two antibody sequences) been developed use products, provide some attributed on an industrial scale. To support safety IgG LT such use, comprehensive assessment (in silico allergenicity assessment, vitro genotoxicity studies [bacterial reverse mutation test mammalian cell micronucleus test], 90‐day gavage toxicity study rats) was conducted. results demonstrate that highly unlikely pose risk allergenic cross‐reactivity, there no evidence vitro. There were article–related effects study. These data intended uses foods beverages.

Language: Английский

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