Temperature‐smart plants: A new horizon with omics‐driven plant breeding

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The adverse effects of mounting environmental challenges, including extreme temperatures, threaten the global food supply due to their impact on plant growth and productivity. Temperature extremes disrupt genetics, leading significant issues eventually damaging phenotypes. Plants have developed complex signaling networks respond tolerate temperature stimuli, genetic, physiological, biochemical, molecular adaptations. In recent decades, omics tools other strategies rapidly advanced, offering crucial insights a wealth information about how plants adapt stress. This review explores potential an integrated omics‐driven approach understanding temperatures. By leveraging cutting‐edge methods, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, miRNAomics, epigenomics, phenomics, ionomics, alongside power machine learning speed breeding data, we can revolutionize practices. These advanced techniques offer promising pathway developing climate‐proof varieties that withstand fluctuations, addressing increasing demand for high‐quality in face changing climate.

Language: Английский

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Integrative Approaches to Abiotic Stress Management in Crops: Combining Bioinformatics Educational Tools and Artificial Intelligence Applications

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 7651 - 7651

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and nutrient deficiencies, pose significant challenges to crop production global food security. To combat these challenges, the integration of bioinformatics educational tools AI applications provide a synergistic approach identify analyze stress-responsive genes, regulatory networks molecular markers associated with stress tolerance. Bioinformatics offer robust framework for data collection, storage initial analysis, while enhance pattern recognition, predictive modeling real-time processing capabilities. This review uniquely integrates applications, highlighting their combined role in managing abiotic plants crops. The novelty is demonstrated by multiomics algorithms, providing deeper insights into response pathways, biomarker discovery recognition. Key include resistance gene network inference, omics plant monitoring through fusion remote sensing AI-assisted phenomics. Challenges such as handling big data, model interpretability, overfitting experimental validation remain there, but future prospects involve developing user-friendly platforms, establishing common standards, interdisciplinary collaboration harnessing mitigation strategies Educational initiatives, collaborations trainings are essential equip next generation researchers required skills utilize advanced effectively. convergence holds vast accelerating development stress-resilient crops, optimizing agricultural practices ensuring security under increasing environmental pressures. Moreover, this integrated crucial advancing sustainable agriculture amidst growing challenges.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling Innovative Approaches to Mitigate Metals/Metalloids Toxicity for Sustainable Agriculture

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 176(2)

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Due to anthropogenic activities, environmental pollution of heavy metals/metalloids (HMs) has increased and received growing attention in recent decades. Plants HM-contaminated soils have slower growth development, resulting lower agricultural yield. Exposure HMs leads the generation free radicals (oxidative stress), which alters plant morpho-physiological biochemical pathways at cellular tissue levels. evolved complex defense mechanisms avoid or tolerate toxic effects HMs, including absorption accumulation cell organelles, immobilization by forming complexes with organic chelates, extraction via numerous transporters, ion channels, signaling cascades, transcription elements, among others. Nonetheless, these internal defensive are insufficient overcome toxicity. Therefore, unveiling adaptation tolerance is necessary for sustainable agriculture. Recent breakthroughs cutting-edge approaches such as phytohormone gasotransmitters application, nanotechnology, omics, genetic engineering tools identified molecular regulators linked tolerance, may be applied generate HMs-tolerant future plants. This review summarizes systems that plants adapted resist toxicity, physiological, biochemical, responses. Diverse strategies also been comprehensively presented advance resilience toxicity could enable production.

Language: Английский

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Designing future peanut: the power of genomics-assisted breeding

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 137(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Functional characterisation of Dof gene family and expression analysis under abiotic stresses and melatonin-mediated tolerance in pitaya (Selenicereus undatus)

Functional Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(4)

Published: April 3, 2024

DNA binding proteins with one finger (Dof) transcription factors are essential for seed development and defence against various biotic abiotic stresses in plants. Genomic analysis of Dof has not been determined yet pitaya (Selenicereus undatus). In this study, we have identified 26 gene family members, renamed as HuDof-1 to HuDof-26, clustered them into seven subfamilies based on conserved motifs, domains, phylogenetic analysis. The pairs members were duplicated by segmental duplications that faced purifying selection, indicated the Ka/Ks ratio values. Promoter regions HuDof genes contain many cis-acting elements related phytohormones including abscisic acid, jasmonic gibberellin, temperature, light. We exposed plants different environmental examined melatonin’s influence expression levels. Signifcant HuDof-2 HuDof-6 observed developmental stages flower buds, flowers, pericarp, pulp. Pitaya subjected stresses, transcriptome was carried out identify role members. RNA-sequencing data reverse quantitative PCR-based revealed three putative candidate (HuDof-1, HuDof-2, HuDof-8), which might diverse roles stresses. Our study provides a theoretical foundation functional through traditional modern biotechnological tools trait improvement.

Language: Английский

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Novel Strategies for Designing Climate‐Smart Crops to Ensure Sustainable Agriculture and Future Food Security

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2)

Published: March 31, 2025

ABSTRACT To fulfil food and nutritional demand for nine billion people by the mid‐21st century, global production must increase 60% regardless of challenges such as environmental pollution, water scarcity land degradation. Climate change exacerbates frequency intensity biotic abiotic stresses, which, in turn, severely compromise crop yields, jeopardize supply, deteriorate sustainable development goals achieving safety, limit climate‐smart production. Current consumption practices negatively influence environment, posing a major threat to ecosystem human health. Addressing these critical issues achieve agriculture necessitates designing future crops employing cutting‐edge breeding strategies enhanced productivity with minimal footprints. This endeavour requires comprehensive understanding plant stress adaptation, signalling pathways mitigation mechanisms. In this review, we first explain diverse impacts ongoing climate events on Subsequently, outline various tackle change, including agronomic practices, advanced technologies physiological molecular mechanisms tolerance. We also discuss engineering superior tolerance disease resistance nurturing healthy microbial partnerships between plants soil ensure nutrition security current populations amidst mounting challenges.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of MADS-box gene family and its unique response to drought and nickel stresses with melatonin-mediated tolerance in dragon fruit (Selenicereus undatus L.)

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 100492 - 100492

Published: May 16, 2024

Dragon fruit (pitaya) is an important tropical crop with medicinal and industrial values. However, severe environmental stress factors affect dragon production development. The MADS-box gene family performs essential role in the regulation of tolerance, reproduction, ripening various plants, but relevant studies havn't been conducted on fruit. In this study, identification expression analysis was response to abiotic pitaya seedlings. We identified 67 genes distributed across 11 chromosomes genome. All were named from HuMADS-1 HuMADS-67. phylogenetic tree HuMADS-box constructed together soybean, wheat, Arabidopsis. Based analysis, tropology motif's structure, all divided into 3 groups as Mα, Mδ, MIKC. HuMADS showed a conserved intron-exon structure motif domain organization. patterns varied 15 tissue parts pitaya. subcellular localization proteins predicted that 55.8% total members localized nucleus. syntenic 28 collinearity pairs, which 4 pairs tandem duplication 24 segmental chromosomes. Cis-acting element their regulatory roles plant defense processes. RNA-seq seedlings under single combined stresses drought nickel exhibited higher genes. addition, several enhanced melatonin treatment stresses, thereby enhancing seedling growth To validate RNA-Seq data, RT-qPCR performed 12 genes, revealing six them (HuMADS-14/15/22/62/63/67) play tolerance. Overall, our findings offer key insights for future genetic engineering strategies develop stress-tolerant genotypes.

Language: Английский

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Drought-tolerant wheat for enhancing global food security

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6)

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Leveraging multi-omics tools to comprehend responses and tolerance mechanisms of heavy metals in crop plants

Functional & Integrative Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6)

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Functional characterization of MATE gene family under abiotic stresses and melatonin-mediated tolerance in dragon fruit (Selenicereus undatus L.)

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100300 - 100300

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) are transporter proteins exists widely in all living organisms which involved toxins detoxification. In plants, MATE functions detoxification of endogenous secondary metabolites, exogenous agents, other plant developmental processes. this study, the identification expression analysis gene family was conducted to analyse response against heavy metal salt stresses pitaya seedlings. We have identified analysed 35 from genome were mapped on 11 chromosomes. All members named HuMATE-1 HuMATE-35, divided into 14 groups based phylogenetic analysis, tree topology motif's structure. The subcellular localization predicted data showed that 62% total localized plasma membrane. syntenic collinearity pairs two tandem duplication twelve segmental Genes motif composition exon-intron structures found more similar within same group. Cis-acting element promoter regions their regulatory function toxin defence RNA-Seq HuMATE candidate genes exhibits higher under copper individually as well both combination. Melatonin applications regulate effectively for stresses, thus enhancing seedling growth development. Moreover, RT-qPCR highly expressed 10 at different stages validates results. Our finding predicts (HuMATE-1/7/8/10/11/12/13/16/28/35) may play a key role produced by metals accumulation high soil salinity. Furthermore, our results provide foundation development stress-tolerant genotypes various climate scenarios through forward reverse genetic breeding programs.

Language: Английский

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