Dopaminergic modulation of the exploration/exploitation trade-off in human decision-making

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: June 2, 2020

Involvement of dopamine in regulating exploration during decision-making has long been hypothesized, but direct causal evidence humans is still lacking. Here, we use a combination computational modeling, pharmacological intervention and functional magnetic resonance imaging to address this issue. Thirty-one healthy male participants performed restless four-armed bandit task within-subjects design under three drug conditions: 150 mg the precursor L-dopa, 2 D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol, placebo. Choices were best explained by an extension established Bayesian learning model accounting for perseveration, directed random exploration. Modeling revealed attenuated while neural signatures exploration, exploitation prediction error unaffected. Instead, L-dopa representations overall uncertainty insula dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Our results highlight role these regions suggest that modulates how circuit tracks accumulating decision-making.

Language: Английский

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Anxiety and the Neurobiology of Temporally Uncertain Threat Anticipation

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(41), P. 7949 - 7964

Published: Sept. 21, 2020

When extreme, anxiety—a state of distress and arousal prototypically evoked by uncertain danger—can be debilitating. Uncertain anticipation is a shared feature situations that elicit signs symptoms anxiety across psychiatric disorders, species, assays. Despite the profound significance for human health wellbeing, neurobiology uncertain-threat remains unsettled. Leveraging paradigm adapted from animal research optimized fMRI signal decomposition, we examined neural circuits engaged during temporally certain threat in 99 men women. Results revealed systems recruited are anatomically colocalized frontocortical regions, extended amygdala, periaqueductal gray. Comparison conditions demonstrated this circuitry can fractionated, with regions showing relatively stronger engagement threat, amygdala reverse pattern. Although there widespread agreement bed nucleus stria terminalis dorsal amygdala—the two major subdivisions amygdala—play critical role orchestrating adaptive responses to potential danger, their precise contributions have remained contentious. Follow-up analyses these show statistically indistinguishable anticipation. These observations provide framework conceptualizing fear, understanding functional neuroanatomy humans, accelerating development more effective intervention strategies pathological anxiety. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Anxiety—an emotion associated harm—has public health, yet underlying unclear. novel neuroimaging large sample, identify core circuit responsive both anticipation, fractionated into bias one kind or other. The occupies center stage neuropsychiatric models anxiety, but its architecture has Here demonstrate threat. Collectively, indicate need revise how think about fear.

Language: Английский

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A gradient from long-term memory to novel cognition: Transitions through default mode and executive cortex

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 117074 - 117074

Published: June 20, 2020

Human cognition flexibly guides decision-making in familiar and novel situations. Although these decisions are often treated as dichotomous, reality, situations neither completely familiar, nor entirely new. Contemporary accounts of brain organization suggest that neural function is organized along a connectivity gradient from unimodal regions sensorimotor cortex, through executive to transmodal default mode network. We examined whether this graded view helps explain how changes across vary their alignment with long-term knowledge. used semantic judgment task, which parametrically varied the global similarity items within feature matching task create 'task gradient', conceptual combinations were highly overlapping memory trials only shared goal-relevant feature. found brain's response systematically gradient, strongest network when probe target conceptually. This functional change was seen multiple individual brains, not readily explained by difficulty. Moreover, captured spatial layout networks involved processing, providing an organizational principle for controlled cortex. In way, cortex support both less

Language: Английский

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Emergence of abstract rules in the primate brain

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 595 - 610

Published: Sept. 14, 2020

Language: Английский

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Surprise, value and control in anterior cingulate cortex during speeded decision-making

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 412 - 422

Published: Jan. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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