Integrating Models of Self-Regulation

Annual Review of Psychology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(1), P. 319 - 345

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Self-regulation is a core aspect of human functioning that helps facilitate the successful pursuit personal goals. There has been proliferation theories and models describing different aspects self-regulation both within outside psychology. All these provide insights about self-regulation, but sometimes they talk past each other, make only shallow contributions, or contributions are underappreciated by scholars working in adjacent areas. The purpose this article to integrate across many order refine vast literature on self-regulation. To achieve objective, we first review some more prominent coming from social psychology, personality cognitive neuroscience. We then based four key elements-level analysis, conflict, emotion, functioning-specifically identifying points convergence also insufficient emphasis. close with prescriptions for future research.

Language: Английский

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Empathy is hard work: People choose to avoid empathy because of its cognitive costs.

Journal of Experimental Psychology General, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 148(6), P. 962 - 976

Published: April 18, 2019

Empathy is considered a virtue, yet it fails in many situations, leading to basic question: When given choice, do people avoid empathy? And if so, why? Whereas past work has focused on material and emotional costs of empathy, here, we examined whether experience empathy as cognitively taxing costly, them it. We developed the selection task, which uses free choices assess desire empathize. Participants make series binary choices, selecting situations that lead engage or an alternative course action. In each 11 studies (N = 1,204) meta-analysis, found robust preference was associated with perceptions more effortful aversive less efficacious. Experimentally increasing efficacy eliminated avoidance, suggesting cognitive directly cause choice. choice share others' feelings, act not worth effort. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Motivation and cognitive control in depression

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 102, P. 371 - 381

Published: May 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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Mental labour

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(12), P. 899 - 908

Published: Aug. 29, 2018

Language: Английский

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Expectations of reward and efficacy guide cognitive control allocation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

The amount of mental effort we invest in a task is influenced by the reward can expect if perform that well. However, some rewards have greatest potential for driving these efforts are partly determined factors beyond one's control. In such cases, has more limited efficacy obtaining rewards. According to Expected Value Control theory, people integrate information about expected and performance determine value control, then adjust their control allocation (i.e., effort) accordingly. Here test this theory's key behavioral neural predictions. We show participants cognitive when rewarding efficacious, incentive components separately modulate EEG signatures evaluation proactive allocation. Our findings support prediction combine expectations how much invest.

Language: Английский

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Fatigue and Human Performance: An Updated Framework

Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 7 - 31

Published: Oct. 18, 2022

Abstract Fatigue has been defined differently in the literature depending on field of research. The inconsistent use term fatigue complicated scientific communication, thereby limiting progress towards a more in-depth understanding phenomenon. Therefore, Enoka and Duchateau (Med Sci Sports Exerc 48:2228–38, 2016, [3]) proposed framework that distinguishes between trait (i.e., experienced by an individual over longer period time) motor or cognitive task-induced state self-reported disabling symptom derived from two interdependent attributes performance fatigability perceived fatigability). Thereby, describes decrease objective measure, while refers to sensations regulate integrity performer. Although this served as good starting point unravel psychophysiology fatigue, several important aspects were not included interdependence mechanisms driving comprehensively discussed. present narrative review aimed (1) update suggested pertaining taxonomy added) determinants considered previously (e.g., effort perception, affective valence, self-regulation), (2) discuss underlying response tasks well their interdependence, (3) provide recommendations for future research these interactions. We propose define psychophysiological condition characterized respectively) and/or increased perception fatigue). These dimensions are interdependent, hinge different determinants, depend body homeostasis wakefulness, core temperature) modulating factors age, sex, diseases, characteristics task). Consequently, there is no single factor primarily determining tasks. Instead, relative weight each determinant interaction modulated factors.

Language: Английский

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Nature-based biopsychosocial resilience: An integrative theoretical framework for research on nature and health

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 108234 - 108234

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Nature-based solutions including urban forests and wetlands can help communities cope better with climate change other environmental stressors by enhancing social-ecological resilience. Natural ecosystems, settings, elements affordances also individuals become more personally resilient to a variety of stressors, although the mechanisms underpinning individual-level nature-based resilience, their relations are not well articulated. We propose 'nature-based biopsychosocial resilience theory' (NBRT) address these gaps. Our framework begins suggesting that refer both: a) person's set adaptive resources; b) processes which resources deployed. Drawing on existing nature-health perspectives, we argue nature contact support build maintain biological, psychological, social (i.e. biopsychosocial) resilience-related resources. Together can: i) reduce risk various (preventive resilience); ii) enhance reactions stressful circumstances (response resilience), and/or iii) facilitate rapid complete recovery from stress (recovery resilience). Reference three supports integration across familiar pathways involving harm reduction, capacity building, restoration. Evidence in theory, potential interventions promote issues require further consideration discussed.

Language: Английский

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Psychological factors underlying attitudes toward AI tools

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 1845 - 1854

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Nudges for people who think

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Experimental evidence that exerting effort increases meaning

Cognition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 106065 - 106065

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Efficiency demands that we work smarter and not harder, but is this better for our wellbeing? Here, ask if exerting effort on a task can increase feelings of meaning purpose. In six studies (N = 2883), manipulated how much participants exerted then assessed meaningful they found those tasks. Studies 1 2, presented hypothetical scenarios whereby imagined themselves (or others) more or less writing task, asked believed would derive. Study 3, randomly assigned to complete inherently meaningless tasks were harder easier complete, again them the 4 varied difficulty assignment by involving excluding ChatGPT assistance evaluated its meaningfulness. 5 investigated cognitive dissonance as potential explanatory mechanism. 6, tested shape effort-meaning relationship. all studies, exerting), derived deriving), though results 6 show only up point. These suggest causal link, begets meaning. They also part reason link exists feeling competence mastery, although evidence preliminary inconsistent. We no effects caused post-hoc justification (i.e., dissonance). Effort, beyond being mere cost, source personal value, fundamentally influencing individuals observers perceive derive satisfaction from

Language: Английский

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