Coral-Associated Bacterial Assemblages: Current Knowledge and the Potential for Climate-Driven Impacts

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 50(4), P. 662 - 674

Published: June 3, 2010

The importance of associations between microorganisms and their invertebrate hosts is becoming increasingly apparent. An emerging field, driven by the necessity to understand microbial relationships that both maximize coral health cause disease, study coral–bacteria interactions. In this article, we review our current understanding diversity, specificity, development, functions coral-associated bacteria. We also summarize what known regarding role microbiota in disease coral. conduct a meta-analysis determine whether presence unique taxa correlates with state (i.e. healthy, diseased or bleached), as well reef habitats harbor clusters distinct taxa. find healthy bleached corals similar dominant taxa, although had higher proportions Vibrio Acidobacteria. Diseased generally more Rhodobacter, Clostridia, Cyanobacteria sequences, fewer Oceanospirillum sequences. caution, however, while 16S rRNA useful for species identification, it poor predictor habitat lifestyle, care should be taken interpretation surveys identify potential pathogens amongst complex coral–microbial assemblages. Finally, highlight evidence coral–bacterial assemblages could sensitive effects climatic change. suggest relationship bacterial associates represents valuable model can applied broader discipline invertebrate–microbial

Language: Английский

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The microbiome in threatened species conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 229, P. 85 - 98

Published: Nov. 24, 2018

Language: Английский

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Unseen players shape benthic competition on coral reefs

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 621 - 628

Published: Sept. 1, 2012

Language: Английский

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Microbial Dysbiosis: Rethinking Disease in Marine Ecosystems

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: June 21, 2016

With growing environmental pressures placed on our marine habitats there is concern that the prevalence and severity of diseases affecting organisms will increase. Yet relative to terrestrial systems, we know little about underlying causes many these diseases. Moreover, factors such as saprophytic colonizers a lack baseline data healthy individuals make it difficult accurately assess role specific microbial pathogens in disease states. Emerging evidence field medicine suggests number human result from microbiome imbalance (or dysbiosis), questioning traditional view singular pathogenic agent. Here discuss possibility seen systems are, similarly, dysbiosis rise opportunistic or polymicrobial infections. Thus, understanding managing future require us also rethink definitions pathogenesis for systems. We suggest targeted, multidisciplinary approach addresses questions symbiosis both diseased states, at level holobiont, be key progress this area.

Language: Английский

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Immune-suppression by OsHV-1 viral infection causes fatal bacteraemia in Pacific oysters

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 5, 2018

Infectious diseases are mostly explored using reductionist approaches despite repeated evidence showing them to be strongly influenced by numerous interacting host and environmental factors. Many with a complex aetiology therefore remain misunderstood. By developing holistic approach tackle the complexity of interactions, we decipher intra-host interactions underlying Pacific oyster mortality syndrome affecting juveniles Crassostrea gigas, main species exploited worldwide. Using experimental infections reproducing natural route infection combining thorough molecular analyses families contrasted susceptibilities, demonstrate that disease is caused multiple an initial necessary step haemocytes Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 µVar. Viral replication leads entering immune-compromised state, evolving towards subsequent bacteraemia opportunistic bacteria. We propose application our integrative other multifactorial affect non-model

Language: Английский

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Sediment and Turbidity Associated with Offshore Dredging Increase Coral Disease Prevalence on Nearby Reefs

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. e102498 - e102498

Published: July 16, 2014

In recent decades, coral reef ecosystems have declined to the extent that reefs are now threatened globally. While many water quality parameters been proposed contribute declines, little evidence exists conclusively linking specific with increased disease prevalence in situ. Here we report from situ health surveys confirming chronic exposure dredging-associated sediment plumes significantly increase of white syndromes, a devastating group globally important diseases. Coral were conducted along plume gradient assess relationship between sedimentation, turbidity and health. Reefs exposed highest number days under (296 347 days) had two-fold higher levels disease, largely driven by 2.5-fold six-fold other signs compromised relative or no (0 9 days). Multivariate modeling ordination incorporating level, community composition cover, predation multiple thermal stress indices provided further confirmation level was main driver elevated indicators. This study provides first sedimentation Our results may help explain observed increases global decades suggest minimizing associated coastal development will provide an management tool for controlling epizootics.

Language: Английский

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Marine microbial symbiosis heats up: the phylogenetic and functional response of a sponge holobiont to thermal stress

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7(5), P. 991 - 1002

Published: Jan. 3, 2013

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Associates of Two Caribbean Coral Species Reveal Species-Specific Distribution and Geographic Variability

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 78(18), P. 6438 - 6449

Published: July 7, 2012

Scleractinian corals harbor microorganisms that form dynamic associations with the coral host and exhibit substantial genetic ecological diversity. Microbial associates may provide defense against pathogens serve as bioindicators of changing environmental conditions. Here we describe bacterial assemblages associated two most common phylogenetically divergent reef-building in Caribbean, Montastraea faveolata Porites astreoides. Contrasting life history strategies disease susceptibilities indicate potential differences their microbiota immune function part drive changes composition reef communities. The ribotype structure diversity coral-associated bacteria within surface mucosal layer (SML) healthy were assessed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting 454 bar-coded pyrosequencing. Corals sampled at disparate Caribbean locations representing various levels anthropogenic impact. We demonstrate here M. P. astreoides distinct, host-specific but specificity varies by species site. generally hosts a assemblage low is largely dominated one genus, Endozoicomonas, order Oceanospirillales. are significantly more diverse higher family level than assemblages. Both have abundances disease-related sites closer to mainland those furthest away. taxa highest relative abundance disease-associated seen for near St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI) (2.5 km from shore), least lowest our pristine site Belize (20 shore). conclude studied distinct SML, degree which each maintains specific microbial both across large spatial scales. taxonomic scale (i.e., phylum versus genus) scientists examine coral-microbe associations, addition host-elicited factors fluctuations, must be considered carefully future studies holobiont.

Language: Английский

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The Vulnerability and Resilience of Reef-Building Corals

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. R528 - R540

Published: June 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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Vortical ciliary flows actively enhance mass transport in reef corals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 111(37), P. 13391 - 13396

Published: Sept. 5, 2014

Significance The fitness of corals and their ability to form large reefs hinge on capacity exchange oxygen nutrients with environment. Lacking gills or other ventilating organs, have been commonly assumed depend entirely ambient flow overcome the mass transport limitations associated molecular diffusion. Here, we show that are not enslaved but instead, can actively enhance by producing intense vortical flows epidermal cilia. By vigorously stirring water immediately adjacent surface, this active process allows increase thus, be a fundamental survival mechanism in regions at times weak flow.

Language: Английский

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