The Role of Rumen Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)-Induced Inflammatory Diseases of Ruminants

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1495 - 1495

Published: July 25, 2022

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease in ruminants. In the early stage of SARA, ruminants do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms. However, SARA often leads to local inflammatory diseases such as laminitis, mastitis, endometritis and hepatitis. The mechanism by which largely unknown. gut microbiota totality bacteria, viruses fungi inhabiting gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that only crucial health but also involved variety processes, including diseases, autoimmune tumors diseases. shown intestinal bacteria their metabolites can migrate extraintestinal distal organs, lung, liver brain, through endogenous pathways, leading related Combined with literature, we believe dysbiosis rumen microbiota, destruction barrier function pathogenesis lead entry and/or into body blood or lymphatic circulation place "chronic low-grade" state. Meanwhile, mammary gland, uterus other occurrence aim this review describe causes obtain more comprehensive profound understanding its it great significance for joint prevention control

Language: Английский

---

Commensal antimicrobial resistance mediates microbiome resilience to antibiotic disruption

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(730)

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Despite their therapeutic benefits, antibiotics exert collateral damage on the microbiome and promote antimicrobial resistance. However, mechanisms governing recovery from are poorly understood. Treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , world’s most common infection, represents longest exposure in humans. Here, we investigate gut dynamics over 20 months multidrug-resistant (TB) 6 drug-sensitive TB treatment We find that clearance shared predictive cofactors resolution TB-driven inflammation. The initial severe taxonomic functional disruption, pathobiont domination, enhancement antibiotic resistance initially accompanied long-term were countered by later commensals. This resilience was driven competing evolution mutations pathobionts commensals, with commensal strains reestablishing dominance. Fecal-microbiota transplantation antibiotic-resistant mice recapitulated to further disruption. These findings demonstrate commensals can have paradoxically beneficial effects promoting antimicrobials identify as a predictor disease therapy chronic infection.

Language: Английский

---

Long-term beneficial effect of faecal microbiota transplantation on colonisation of multidrug-resistant bacteria and resistome abundance in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a growing global threat, especially in healthcare facilities. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective prevention strategy for recurrences of Clostridioides difficile infections and can also be useful other microbiota-related diseases.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance: Source, Measurement, Removal and Risk Assessment

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 668 - 668

Published: July 18, 2024

Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) are contaminants of emerging concern with marked potential to impact public and environmental health. This review focusses on factors that influence the presence, abundance, dissemination ARGs within Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) associated effluents. Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (ARB) have been detected in influent effluent WWTPs worldwide. Different levels wastewater treatment (primary, secondary, tertiary) show different degrees removal efficiency ARGs, further differences being observed when captured as intracellular or extracellular forms. Furthermore, routinely used molecular methodologies such quantitative polymerase chain reaction whole genome sequencing may also vary resistome identification quantifying ARG efficiencies from WWTP Additionally, we provide an overview One Health risk assessment framework, well future strategies how can be assessed for health impact.

Language: Английский

---

Short-chain fatty acids of various lengths differentially inhibit Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacteriaceae species

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(2)

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

ABSTRACT The gut microbiota is inextricably linked to human health and disease. It can confer colonization resistance against invading pathogens either through niche occupation nutrient competition or via its secreted metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are the primary metabolites in as a result of dietary fiber fermentation by microbiota. In this work, we demonstrate that interaction single-species commensals on solid media insufficient for pathogen inhibition, but supernatants from monocultures these commensal bacteria enriched acetate inhibition anaerobic growth enteric Klebsiella pneumoniae . three SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) strongly inhibit intestinal Escherichia coli Nissle well panel besides K. at physiological pH cecum ascending colon. This was significantly milder Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Bifidobacterium adolescentis previously demonstrated be associated with recovery after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. We describe general suppression bacterial membrane potential colonic pH. Furthermore, strength increases increasing alkyl chain length. Overall, insights gained study shed light therapeutic use conferring dysbiotic gut. IMPORTANCE Rising antimicrobial has made treatment infections increasingly difficult. According World Health Organization, it become burgeoning threat hospital public systems worldwide. largely attributed global rise carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae recent years, common hospital-acquired growing resistant last-line antibiotics. Antibiotics disrupt homeostatic balance microbiota, resulting loss pathogens. work describes ability short-chain (SCFAs) produced effective wide without major impact species. also undescribed link between length antibacterial effects SCFAs. SCFAs, thus, hold promise an alternative option leveraging activity endogenously disrupting homeostasis.

Language: Английский

---

The implication of gut microbiota in recovery from gastrointestinal surgery

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 28, 2023

Recovery from gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is often interrupted by the unpredictable occurrence of postoperative complications, including infections, anastomotic leak, GI dysmotility, malabsorption, cancer development, and recurrence, in which implication gut microbiota beginning to emerge. Gut can be imbalanced before due underlying disease its treatment. The immediate preparations for surgery, fasting, mechanical bowel cleaning, antibiotic intervention, disrupt microbiota. Surgical removal segments also perturbs tract reconstruction epithelial barrier destruction. In return, altered contributes complications. Therefore, understanding how balance during perioperative period important surgeons. We aim overview current knowledge investigate role recovery focusing on crosstalk between host pathogenesis A comprehensive response provides valuable cues surgeons preserve beneficial functions suppress adverse effects microbiota, will help enhance surgery.

Language: Английский

---

Success stories of natural product-derived compounds from plants as multidrug resistance modulators in microorganisms

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 7798 - 7817

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Microorganisms evolve resistance to antibiotics as a function of evolution. Antibiotics have accelerated bacterial through mutations and acquired combination factors.

Language: Английский

---

Rise of the guardians: Gut microbial maneuvers in bacterial infections

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 330, P. 121993 - 121993

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Dynamic Effect of β-Lactam Antibiotic Inactivation Due to the Inter- and Intraspecies Interaction of Drug-Resistant Microbes

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 1461 - 1472

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

The presence of β-lactamase positive microorganisms imparts a pharmacological effect on variety organisms that can impact drug efficacy by influencing the function or composition bacteria. Although studies to assess dynamic intra- and interspecies communication with bacterial communities exist, treatment quantitative assessment multiorganism response is not well understood due lack technological advances be used study coculture interactions in format. In this study, we investigate how neutralize β-lactam antibiotics format at inter- intraspecies level using microbial bead technology. Three interactive models for biological compartmentalization were demonstrated evaluate systems. Our model attempts mimic biofilm matrix more closely as community-level feature microorganisms, which acknowledges nondrug-resistant species shaping response. particular, results are highly supportive mode growth, provide structural support protect bacteria from an assault host environmental factors. findings also indicate cytotoxic when cocultured cancer cells. Results validated isolated niches, trigger phenotypical alteration β-lactams other organisms. strategy acts independent ecosystem provides new avenue multiscale interactions.

Language: Английский

---

Microbial interactions and the homeostasis of the gut microbiome: the role of Bifidobacterium

Microbiome Research Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 17 - 17

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The human gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that influence several aspects our health. This dense microbial community targets almost all dietary polysaccharides and releases multiple metabolites, some which have physiological effects on the host. A healthy equilibrium between members microbiota, its diversity, their metabolites required for intestinal health, promoting regulatory or anti-inflammatory immune responses. In contrast, loss this due antibiotics, low fiber intake, other conditions results in alterations microbiota composition, a term known as dysbiosis. dysbiosis can be characterized by reduction health-associated microorganisms, such butyrate-producing bacteria, enrichment small number opportunistic pathogens, diversity. Bifidobacterium species are key microbiome, serving primary degraders contributing balanced environment various ways. Colonization resistance fundamental property prevention control infections. competes strongly with foreign gastrointestinal antibiotic-resistant even probiotics. Resistance colonization based interactions metabolic cross-feeding, competition nutrients, antimicrobial-based inhibition. These mediated pathways, representing inner workings play protective role through resistance. review presents rationale how provide dysbiosis, highlighting species.

Language: Английский

---