Olfactory immune response to SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Sebastian A. Wellford, E. Ashley Moseman

Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 134 - 143

Published: Dec. 25, 2023

Abstract Numerous pathogens can infect the olfactory tract, yet pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has strongly emphasized importance of mucosa as an immune barrier. Situated in nasal passages, is directly exposed to environment sense airborne odorants; however, this also means it serve a direct route entry from outside world into brain. As result, olfactotropic infections have serious consequences, including dysfunction system, CNS invasion, dissemination lower respiratory and transmission between individuals. Recent research shown that distinctive response needed protect neuronal mucosal tissue. A better understanding innate, adaptive, structural barriers develop effective therapeutics vaccines against microbes such SARS-CoV-2. Here, we summarize ramifications infection mucosa, review subsequent response, discuss important areas future for immunity infectious disease.

Language: Английский

Choosing a cellular model to study SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Gabriel Augusto Pires de Souza,

Marion Le Bideau,

Céline Boschi

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

As new pathogens emerge, challenges must be faced. This is no different in infectious disease research, where identifying the best tools available laboratories to conduct an investigation can, at least initially, particularly complicated. However, context of emerging virus, such as SARS-CoV-2, which was recently detected China and has become a global threat healthcare systems, developing models infection pathogenesis urgently required. Cell-based approaches are crucial understanding coronavirus biology, growth kinetics, tropism. Usually, laboratory cell lines first line experimental study viral pathogenicity perform assays aimed screening antiviral compounds efficient blocking replication viruses, saving time resources, reducing use animals. determining ideal type can challenging, especially when several researchers have adapt their studies specific requirements. review strives guide scientists who venturing into studying SARS-CoV-2 help them choose right cellular models. It revisits basic concepts virology presents currently

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Mucosal plasma cells are required to protect the upper airway and brain from infection DOI Creative Commons
Sebastian A. Wellford,

Annie Park Moseman,

Kianna Dao

et al.

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(11), P. 2118 - 2134.e6

Published: Sept. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Full protection from SARS-CoV-2 brain infection and damage in susceptible transgenic mice conferred by MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate DOI Open Access
Javier Villadiego, Juan García‐Arriaza, Reposo Ramírez‐Lorca

et al.

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 226 - 238

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

30
SARS-CoV-2 omicron BA.5 and XBB variants have increased neurotropic potential over BA.1 in K18-hACE2 mice and human brain organoids DOI Creative Commons
Romal Stewart, Kexin Yan, Sevannah A. Ellis

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

The reduced pathogenicity of the omicron BA.1 sub-lineage compared to earlier variants is well described, although whether such attenuation retained for later like BA.5 and XBB remains controversial. We show that isolates were significantly more pathogenic in K18-hACE2 mice than a isolate, showing increased neurotropic potential, resulting fulminant brain infection mortality, similar seen original ancestral isolates. also infected human cortical organoids greater extent In brains mice, neurons main target infection, neuronal progenitor cells immature infected. results herein suggest evolving may have increasing potential.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of neuroinflammation in covid-19 DOI Open Access
Rachel Brown, Laura Benjamin, Michael P. Lunn

et al.

BMJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e073923 - e073923

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract Although neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection are relatively rare, their potential long term morbidity and mortality have a significant impact, given the large numbers infected patients. Covid-19 is now in differential diagnosis number common syndromes including encephalopathy, encephalitis, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis, stroke, Guillain-Barré syndrome. Physicians should be aware pathophysiology underlying these presentations to diagnose treat patients rapidly appropriately. good evidence has been found for neurovirulence, neuroinvasive neurotropic limited. The most immune mediated vascular, or both. A proportion developed covid, which can include neuropsychiatric presentations. mechanisms covid remain unclear. longer consequences with covid-19 on brain, particularly terms neurodegeneration, will only become apparent time follow-up.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Brain exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virions perturbs synaptic homeostasis DOI
Emma Partiot, Aurélie Hirschler, S. Colomb

et al.

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 1189 - 1206

Published: March 28, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Association of Long COVID with mental health disorders: a retrospective cohort study using real-world data from the USA DOI Creative Commons
Yue Zhang, Vernon M. Chinchilli, Paddy Ssentongo

et al.

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. e079267 - e079267

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Objectives Mental health disorders (MHD) rank third for US adult hospitalisations. Given the substantial prevalence of ‘Long COVID’ in SARS-CoV-2 survivors, this study aims to assess its association with increased MHD risk using extensive real-world data. Design A retrospective cohort propensity score matching was conducted. We used International Classification Diseases, 10th Revision codes identify individuals Long COVID status and COVID-19 histories. Multivariable stratified Cox proportional hazards regression analysis conducted determine MHD. Setting Data were sourced from TriNetX database, spanning records 1 October 2021 16 April 2023. Participants Two distinct cohorts established: one comprising diagnosed another no history or COVID-19. At start study, none participants had a recorded Primary secondary outcome measures The main interest composite diagnosis Secondary outcomes individual mental conditions. Results included 43 060 control without 4306 participants, demonstrating well-balanced distribution across all covariates. After adjusting 4 demographic factors 10 comorbidities, associated (adjusted HR, aHR 2.60; 95% CI 2.37 2.85). In subgroup analysis, major depression disorder (aHR 3.36; 2.82 4.00) generalised anxiety 3.44; 2.99 3.96). Conclusions large an incident impact is significant considering vast number patients COVID. Enhanced screening among survivors should be priority.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration via microbial infections DOI Creative Commons
Van Thi Ai Tran, Luke P. Lee, Hansang Cho

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 28, 2022

Recent epidemiological studies show a noticeable correlation between chronic microbial infections and neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear due to biological complexity of multicellular multiorgan interactions upon infections. In this review, we infection leading neurodegeneration mediated by interconnections neuroinflammation. Firstly, highlight three inter-organ communications as possible routes from sites brain: nose-brain axis, lung-brain gut-brain axis. Next, described crosstalk microglia astrocytes pathogenic infection. Finally, our study indicates how neuroinflammation is critical player in pathogen-mediated neurodegeneration. Taken together, envision that antibiotics targeting neuro-pathogens could be potential therapeutic strategy for

Language: Английский

Citations

34
The uses of 3D human brain organoids for neurotoxicity evaluations: A review DOI
Yi Cao

NeuroToxicology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 84 - 93

Published: May 10, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

28
The neuropathogenesis of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses in mammalian species including humans DOI Creative Commons
Lisa Bauer, Feline F. W. Benavides,

Edwin J. B. Veldhuis Kroeze

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(11), P. 953 - 970

Published: Sept. 6, 2023

Circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx viruses the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 lineage in birds regularly causes infections mammals, including humans. In many mammalian species, are associated with severe neurological disease, a unique feature HPAI compared other A viruses. Here, we provide an overview neuropathogenesis virus infection centered on three aspects: neuroinvasion, neurotropism, and neurovirulence. We focus vitro studies, as well studies naturally or experimentally infected mammals. Additionally, discuss contribution viral factors to efficacy intervention strategies prevent neuroinvasion development disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

17