Biological Control of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes by Filamentous Fungi Inducers of Resistance: Trichoderma, Mycorrhizal and Endophytic Fungi

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 25, 2020

Plant-parasitic-nematodes represent a major threat to the agricultural production of different crops worldwide. Due high toxicity chemical nematicides, it is necessary develop new control strategies against nematodes. In this respect, filamentous fungi can be an interesting biocontrol alternative. The genus Trichoderma, mycorrhizal and endophytic are main groups studied used as biological agents (BCAs) nematodes resistance inducers. They able reduce damage caused by plant-parasitic directly parasitism, antibiosis, paralysis lytic enzymes. But they also minimise harm space resource-competition, providing higher nutrient water uptake plant, or modifying root morphology, and/or rhizosphere interactions, that constitutes advantage for plant-growth. Besides, induce activating hormone-mediated (salicylic jasmonic acid, strigolactones among others) plant-defence mechanisms. Additionally, alteration transport defence components through plant synthesis secondary metabolites enzymes contribute enhancing defences. Therefore, use mentioned BCAs promising durable strategy in agriculture

Language: Английский

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Recent advancements in molecular marker-assisted selection and applications in plant breeding programmes

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 128 - 128

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

DNA markers improved the productivity and accuracy of classical plant breeding by means marker-assisted selection (MAS). The enormous number quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping read for different species have given a plenitude molecular marker-gene associations. In this review, we discussed positive aspects its precise applications in programmes. Molecular has considerably shortened time new crop varieties to be brought market. To explore information about markers, many reviews been published last few decades; all these were intended breeders obtain on genetics. synopsis recent developments their application programmes devoted early with little or no knowledge markers. progress made breeding, genetics, genomics selection, editing genome contributed comprehensive understanding provides several proofs genetic diversity available plants greatly complemented devices. MAS revolutionized process acceleration accuracy, which is continuously empowering around world.

Language: Английский

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Biostimulants for Plant Growth and Mitigation of Abiotic Stresses: A Metabolomics Perspective

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 505 - 505

Published: Dec. 10, 2020

Adverse environmental conditions due to climate change, combined with declining soil fertility, threaten food security. Modern agriculture is facing a pressing situation where novel strategies must be developed for sustainable production and Biostimulants, conceptually defined as non-nutrient substances or microorganisms the ability promote plant growth health, represent potential provide economically favorable solutions that could introduce approaches improve agricultural practices crop productivity. Current knowledge phenotypic observations suggest biostimulants potentially function in regulating modifying physiological processes plants growth, alleviate stresses, quality yield. However, successfully develop biostimulant-based formulations programs, understanding biostimulant-plant interactions, at molecular, cellular levels, prerequisite. Metabolomics, multidisciplinary omics science, offers unique opportunities predictively decode mode of action on plants, identify signatory markers biostimulant action. Thus, this review intends highlight current scientific efforts gaps research industry, context promotion stress responses. The firstly revisits models have been elucidated describe molecular machinery employed by coping stresses. Furthermore, definitions, claims applications are pointed out, also indicating lack biological basis accurately postulate mechanisms biostimulants. articulates briefly key aspects metabolomics workflow (potential) science industry.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(20), P. 7457 - 7457

Published: Oct. 9, 2020

Unlike animals, plants are immobile and could not actively escape the effects of aggressive environmental factors, such as pathogenic microorganisms, insect pests, parasitic plants, extreme temperatures, drought, many others. To counteract these unfavorable encounters, have evolved very high phenotypic plasticity. In a rapidly changing environment, adaptive changes often occur in time frames that too short for natural selection mutations. Probably, some kind epigenetic variability underlines adaptation cases. Indeed, isogenic quite variable phenotypes different habitats. There examples successful “invasions” relatively small genetically homogenous plant populations into entirely new The unique capability quick appears to be due tendency transmit between generations. Multiple studies show memory serves mechanism environment and, particular, biotic abiotic stresses. wild nature, this underlies, significant extent, live habitats endure drastic changes. agriculture, deep understanding serve elaborate more effective safe approaches protection.

Language: Английский

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Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(13), P. 7031 - 7031

Published: June 24, 2022

Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, cuticle layers, whereas secondary metabolites (SMs) volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Complex interactions between plants herbivores occur. Plant responses to insect herbivory begin with the perception of stimuli, (orally secreted by insects herbivore-induced VOCs) during feeding. cell membranes then generate ion fluxes that create differences in plasma membrane potential (Vm), which provokes initiation signal transduction, activation hormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic ethylene), release VOCs SMs. This review recent studies plant-herbivore-infection focuses on early late plant responses, including barriers, SM production as well epigenetic regulation, phytohormone responses.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between Verticillium dahliae and cotton: pathogenic mechanism and cotton resistance mechanism to Verticillium wilt

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 21, 2023

Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to huge economic value of total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by soil-borne pathogen dahliae , most devastating disease that led extensive yield losses and fiber quality reduction cotton crops. Developing resistant varieties through genetic engineering an effective, economical, durable strategy control wilt. However, there are few resistance gene resources currently planted varieties, which has brought great challenges difficulties for breeding engineering. Further revealing molecular mechanism between V. interaction crucial discovering genes related resistance. In this review, we elaborated on pathogenic evolved complex mechanisms achieve pathogenicity cotton, mainly including five aspects: (1) germination growth microsclerotia; (2) infection successful colonization; (3) adaptation nutrient-deficient environment competition nutrients; (4) suppression manipulation immune responses; (5) rapid reproduction secretion toxins. multiple physiological biochemical responses cope with infection, modification tissue structures, accumulation antifungal substances, homeostasis reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction Ca 2+ signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, hormone PAMPs/effectors-triggered response (PTI/ETI). This review will provide important reference new germplasm wilt

Language: Английский

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The role of antimicrobial peptides in plant immunity

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 69(21), P. 4997 - 5011

Published: Aug. 6, 2018

Selective pressure imposed by millions of years relentless biological attack has led to the development an extraordinary array defense strategies in plants. Among these, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) stand out as one most prominent components plant immune system. These small and usually basic are deployed a generalist strategy that grants direct durable resistance against biotic stress. Even though their name implies function microbes, range plant-associated organisms affected these is much broader. In this review, we highlight advances our understanding on role AMPs immunity. We demonstrate capacity act large spectrum enemies relies diverse mechanism action remarkable structural stability. The efficacy evidenced widespread occurrence kingdom, astonishing heterogeneity host peptide composition, extent which have evolved effective counter-measures evade AMP action. Plant becoming important topic research due significance allowing plants thrive for enormous potential agronomical pharmaceutical fields.

Language: Английский

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Regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(1), P. 70 - 91

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Abstract Glucosinolates are secondary defense metabolites produced by plants of the order Brassicales, which includes model species Arabidopsis and many crop species. In past 13 years, regulation glucosinolate synthesis in has been intensively studied, with recent research revealing complex molecular mechanisms that connect production responses to other central pathways. this review, we discuss how biosynthesis is ecologically relevant for plants, it controlled transcription factors, transcriptional machinery interacts hormonal, environmental, epigenetic mechanisms. We present players regulation, MYB basic helix–loop–helix as well plant hormone jasmonate, together hormones environmental signals allow coordinated rapid genes. Furthermore, highlight regulatory connections between glucosinolates, auxin, sulfur metabolism emerging insights open questions on biosynthesis.

Language: Английский

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The role of plant epigenetics in biotic interactions

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 221(2), P. 731 - 737

Published: Aug. 29, 2018

Summary Plants are hubs of a wide range biotic interactions with mutualist and antagonist animals, microbes neighboring plants. Because the quality intensity those relationships can change over time, fast reversible response to stress is required. Here, we review recent studies on role epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation histone modifications in modulating plant interactions, discuss state knowledge regarding their potential memory priming. Moreover, provide an overview strategies investigate contribution epigenetics environmentally induced phenotypic changes ecological context, highlighting possible transitions from whole‐genome high‐resolution analyses model organisms informative reduced representation genomically less accessible species.

Language: Английский

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miR396-OsGRFs Module Balances Growth and Rice Blast Disease-Resistance

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 13, 2019

Fitness cost is a common phenomenon in rice blast disease-resistance breeding. MiR396 highly conserved microRNA (miRNA) family targeting Growth Regulating Factor (OsGRF) genes. Mutation at the target site of miR396 certain OsGRF gene or blocking expression leads to increased grain yield. Here we demonstrated that fitness can be trade-off miR396-OsGRFs module via balancing growth and immunity against fungus. The accumulation isoforms was significantly susceptible accession, but fluctuated resistant accession upon infection Magnaporthe oryzae. transgenic lines over-expressing different were M. In contrast, overexpressing mimicry block its function led enhanced resistance oryzae addition improved yield traits. Moreover, plants OsGRF6, OsGRF7, OsGRF8 OsGRF9 exhibited oryzae, showed alteration growth. While overexpression OsGRF7 defects growth, resulted better no significant change Collectively, our results indicate negatively regulates disease- suppressing multiple OsGRFs, which turn differentially control Therefore, could potential demolish

Language: Английский

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