Interactions between climate change and urbanization will shape the future of biodiversity

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 436 - 447

Published: April 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Interactive effects of rising temperatures and urbanisation on birds across different climate zones: A mechanistic perspective

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2399 - 2420

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Climate change and urbanisation are among the most pervasive rapidly growing threats to biodiversity worldwide. However, their impacts usually considered in isolation, interactions rarely examined. Predicting species' responses combined effects of climate urbanisation, therefore, represents a pressing challenge global biology. Birds important model taxa for exploring both behaviour physiology have been well studied urban non‐urban systems. This understanding should allow interactive rising temperatures be inferred, yet considerations these almost entirely lacking from empirical research. Here, we synthesise our current potential mechanisms that could affect how species respond with focus on avian taxa. We discuss motivate future in‐depth research this critically important, overlooked, aspect Increased pronounced consequence (through heat island effect) change. The biological impact warming systems will likely differ magnitude direction when interacting other factors typically vary between habitats, such as resource availability (e.g. water, food microsites) pollution levels. Furthermore, nature may cities situated different types, example, tropical, arid, temperate, continental polar. Within article, highlight drivers mechanistic birds, identify knowledge gaps propose promising avenues. A deeper behavioural physiological mediating provide novel insights into ecology evolution under help better predict population responses.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide parallelism underlies contemporary adaptation in urban lizards

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(3)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Urbanization drastically transforms landscapes, resulting in fragmentation, degradation, and the loss of local biodiversity. Yet, urban environments also offer opportunities to observe rapid evolutionary change wild populations that survive even thrive these novel habitats. In many ways, cities represent replicated “natural experiments” which geographically separated adaptively respond similar selection pressures over timescales. Little is known, however, about genetic basis adaptive phenotypic differentiation nor extent parallelism reflected at genomic level with signatures parallel selection. Here, we analyzed underpinnings urban-associated Anolis cristatellus , a small-bodied neotropical lizard found abundantly both urbanized forested environments. We show response environmental underlain by identify candidate loci across genome associated this morphological divergence. Our findings point polygenic on standing variation as key process effectuate adaptation. Identified several functions skeletomuscular development, morphology, human disease. Taken together, results shed light complex adaptations, provide insight into role contingency determinism adaptation environments, underscore value address fundamental questions.

Language: Английский

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Neopolyploidy increases stress tolerance and reduces fitness plasticity across multiple urban pollutants: support for the “general-purpose” genotype hypothesis

Evolution Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 416 - 426

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Whole-genome duplication is a common macromutation with extensive impacts on gene expression, cellular function, and whole-organism phenotype. As result, it has been proposed that polyploids have “general-purpose” genotypes perform better than their diploid progenitors under stressful conditions. Here, we test this hypothesis in the context of stresses presented by anthropogenic pollutants. Specifically, tested how multiple neotetraploid genetic lineages mostly asexually reproducing greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) across favorable control environment 5 urban pollutants (iron, salt, manganese, copper, aluminum). By quantifying population growth rate over generations, found most pollutants, but not all, polyploidy decreased actively growing propagules increased dormant ones. Yet, when considering total propagule production, tolerance to maintained population-level fitness diploids. Furthermore, broad-sense correlations among were all positive neopolyploids so for Our results provide rare support are more tolerant conditions can maintain diploids heterogeneous stresses. These may help predict be likely persist environments, such as those caused urbanization other human activities.

Language: Английский

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Coping with light pollution in urban environments: Patterns and challenges

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 109244 - 109244

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Artificial light at night is a growing environmental problem that especially pronounced in urban environments. Yet, impacts on wildlife have received scant attention and patterns consequences are largely unknown. Here, I present conceptual framework outlining the challenges species encounter when exposed to pollution how they may respond through plastic adjustments genetic adaptation. Light interferes with biological rhythms, influences behaviors, fragments habitats, alters predation risk resource abundance, which changes diversity spatiotemporal distribution of and, hence, structure function ecosystems. Furthermore, interacts other disturbances, can exacerbate negative effects species. Given rapid growth areas importance healthy ecosystems for human wellbeing, more research needed

Language: Английский

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Effects of urban-induced mutations on ecology, evolution and health

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 1074 - 1086

Published: April 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Urbanization alters the geographic patterns of passerine plumage color in China

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 248, P. 105101 - 105101

Published: April 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Urban evolutionary ecology brings exaptation back into focus

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(8), P. 719 - 726

Published: April 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cities of the Anthropocene: urban sustainability in an eco-evolutionary perspective

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(1893)

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Cities across the globe are driving systemic change in social and ecological systems by accelerating rates of interactions intensifying links between human activities Earth's ecosystems, thereby expanding scale influence on fundamental processes that sustain life. Increasing evidence shows cities not only alter biodiversity, they genetic makeup many populations, including animals, plants, fungi microorganisms. Urban-driven rapid evolution species traits might have significant effects socially relevant ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, pollination, water air purification food production. Despite increasing causing evolutionary change, current urban sustainability strategies often overlook these dynamics. The dominant perspectives guide essentially static, focusing preserving biodiversity its present state or restoring it to pre-urban conditions. This paper provides a overview socio-eco-evolutionary transition associated with global urbanization. Using examples observed changes play role maintaining function resilience, I propose significantly impact sustainability. Incorporating an eco-evolutionary perspective into science planning is crucial for effectively reimagining Anthropocene. article part theme issue ‘Evolution sustainability: gathering strands Anthropocene synthesis’.

Language: Английский

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Maximum temperatures determine the habitat affiliations of North American mammals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(50)

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Addressing the ongoing biodiversity crisis requires identifying winners and losers of global change. Species are often categorized based on how they respond to habitat loss; for example, species restricted natural environments, those that most occur in anthropogenic habitats, generalists do well both. However, might switch affiliations across time space: an organism may venture into human-modified areas benign regions but retreat thermally buffered forested habitats with high temperatures. Here, we apply community occupancy models a large-scale camera trapping dataset 29 mammal distributed over 2,485 sites continental United States, ask three questions. First, species' responses forest consistent scales? Second, macroclimatic conditions explain spatial variation land use? Third, can traits elucidate which taxa likely show climate-dependent associations? We found all exhibited significant land-use, tending avoid increasingly use forests hotter regions. In hottest regions, was 50% higher compared open whereas coldest trend reversed. Larger larger ranges, herbivores, primary predators were more change their than top predators, consistently affiliated cover. Our findings suggest climatic influence space-use maintaining cover help protect mammals from warming climates.

Language: Английский

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