Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals DOI Creative Commons
Cassidy N. G. Erdelyan, Ahmed Kandeil, Anthony V. Signore

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(7), P. 114479 - 114479

Published: July 1, 2024

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by mammalian detection. As these were similar contemporary described Eurasia, the most likely facilitated pelagic seabirds. Some Canadian from mammals possessed PB2-E627K substitution known facilitate adaptation Ferrets inoculated with showed rapid, severe disease onset, some evidence direct contact transmission. However, maintained receptor binding traits susceptible oseltamivir zanamivir. Understanding factors influencing virulence transmission migratory is critical minimize impacts on wildlife public health.

Language: Английский

Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region DOI Open Access
Ashley Bennison, Alexander M. P. Byrne, Scott M. Reid

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Abstract Until recent events, the Antarctic was only major geographical region in which high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) had never previously been detected. The current panzootic of H5N1 HPAIV has decimated wild bird populations across Europe, North America, and South America. Here we report on detection clade 2.3.4.4b sub-Antarctic regions Georgia Falkland Islands, respectively. We initially detected samples collected from brown skuas at Bird Island, 8 th October 2023. Since this detection, mortalities were observed skuas, kelp gulls, shag, tern, elephant seals fur multiple sites Georgia. Subsequent testing confirmed several sampling locations species two seal species. Simultaneously, also southern fulmar black-browed albatross Islands. Genetic assessment indicates spread likely through movement migratory birds. Critically, genetic sequences mammalian demonstrates no increased risk to human populations. describe impact composition propose both introductory routes potential long-term region. speculate threat specific following reports area.

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Epidemiological data of an influenza A/H5N1 outbreak in elephant seals in Argentina indicates mammal-to-mammal transmission DOI Creative Commons
Marcela Uhart, Ralph Eric Thijl Vanstreels, Martha I. Nelson

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus has killed thousands of marine mammals in South America since 2022. Here we report epidemiological data and full genome characterization clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI viruses associated with a massive outbreak southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) at Península Valdés, Argentina, October 2023. We also on concurrently dead terns. Our genomic analysis shows that from pinnipeds terns Argentina form distinct mammal Peru, Chile, Brazil Uruguay. Additionally, these share an identical set mammalian adaptation mutations which were present tern viruses. combined ecological phylogenetic support mammal-to-mammal transmission occasional mammal-to-bird spillover suggest multinational mammals. reflect becoming more evolutionary flexible adapting to new ways could have global consequences for wildlife, humans, and/or livestock.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Avian influenza viruses in wild birds in Canada following incursions of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus from Eurasia in 2021–2022 DOI Creative Commons
Jolene A. Giacinti, Anthony V. Signore, Megan Jones

et al.

mBio, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8)

Published: July 16, 2024

ABSTRACT Following the detection of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in Newfoundland, Canada, late 2021, (AIV) surveillance wild birds was scaled up across Canada. Herein, we present results Canada’s Interagency Surveillance Program for Avian Influenza Wild Birds during first year (November 2021–November 2022) following incursions HPAIV from Eurasia. The key objectives program were to (i) identify presence, distribution, and spread other AIVs; (ii) bird morbidity mortality associated with HPAIV; (iii) range species infected by (iv) genetically characterize detected AIV. A total 6,246 sick dead tested, which 27.4% positive 12 taxonomic orders 80 species. Geographically, detections occurred all Canadian provinces territories, highest numbers Atlantic Central Flyways. Temporally, peak differed flyways, though national April 2022. In an additional 11,295 asymptomatic harvested or live-captured birds, 5.2% 3 19 Whole-genome sequencing identified Eurasian origin as most prevalent Flyway, along multiple reassortants mixed North American origins distributed moderate structuring at flyway scale. victims reservoirs 2.3.4.4b, underscoring importance encompassing samples dead, well live provide insights into dynamics potential impacts outbreak. This dramatic shift presence distribution Canada highlights a need sustained investment collaboration interagency partners. IMPORTANCE We on continent. tested over 17,000 both apparently healthy, revealed spatiotemporal patterns prevalence significant underscores One Health

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Mortality in sea lions is associated with the introduction of the H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus in Brazil October 2023: whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis DOI Creative Commons
Andreina de Carvalho Araújo, Andrew Y. Cho, Laura Morais Nascimento Silva

et al.

BMC Veterinary Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: July 2, 2024

Clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus was detected in the South American sea lions found dead Santa Catarina, Brazil, October 2023. Whole genome sequencing and comparative phylogenetic analysis were conducted to investigate origin, genetic diversity, zoonotic potentials of viruses. The viruses belonged genotype B3.2 clade virus, which identified North America disseminated America. They have acquired new amino acid substitutions related mammalian host affinity. Our study provides insights into landscape HPAI highlighting continuous evolutionary processes contributing their possible adaptation hosts.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Multiple transatlantic incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N5) virus into North America and spillover to mammals DOI Creative Commons
Cassidy N. G. Erdelyan, Ahmed Kandeil, Anthony V. Signore

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(7), P. 114479 - 114479

Published: July 1, 2024

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread at an unprecedented scale, leading to mass mortalities in birds and mammals. In 2023, a transatlantic incursion of HPAI A(H5N5) into North America was detected, followed shortly thereafter by mammalian detection. As these were similar contemporary described Eurasia, the most likely facilitated pelagic seabirds. Some Canadian from mammals possessed PB2-E627K substitution known facilitate adaptation Ferrets inoculated with showed rapid, severe disease onset, some evidence direct contact transmission. However, maintained receptor binding traits susceptible oseltamivir zanamivir. Understanding factors influencing virulence transmission migratory is critical minimize impacts on wildlife public health.

Language: Английский

Citations

12