Suitability of aircraft wastewater for pathogen detection and public health surveillance DOI Creative Commons
Davey L. Jones, Jennifer M. Rhymes, Matthew J. Wade

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 856, P. 159162 - 159162

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

International air travel is now widely recognised as one of the primary mechanisms responsible for transnational movement and global spread SARS-CoV-2. Monitoring viral load novel lineages within human-derived wastewater collected from aircraft at transport hubs has been proposed an effective way to monitor importation frequency pathogens. The success this approach, however, highly dependent on bathroom defecation habits passengers during their journey. In study UK adults (n = 2103), we quantified likelihood prior departure, upon arrival both short- long-haul flights. results were then used assess capturing signal infected individuals hubs. To obtain a representative cross-section population, survey was stratified by geographical region, gender, age, parenting status, social class. We found that individual's defecate short-haul flights (< 6 h in duration) low 13 % total), but higher 36 %; > duration). This behaviour pattern among males younger age groups. maximum departure 39 %). Based known SARS-CoV-2 faecal shedding rates (30–60 %) equal probability being (71 inbound flights) (29 %), estimate likely capture ca. 8–14 cases entering UK. Monte Carlo simulations predicted would be present 14 62 under current pandemic conditions. conclude alone insufficient effectively all transboundary entries faecal-borne pathogens can form part wider strategy public heath surveillance national borders.

Language: Английский

SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance in Germany: Long-term RT-digital droplet PCR monitoring, suitability of primer/probe combinations and biomarker stability DOI Creative Commons
Johannes Ho, Claudia Stange,

Rabea Suhrborg

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 210, P. 117977 - 117977

Published: Dec. 19, 2021

In recent months, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been shown to be an important tool for early detection of SARS-CoV-2 circulation in the population. this study, a methodology RNA (wildtype and variants concern) wastewater was developed based on different target genes (E ORF1ab) by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation digital droplet PCR. This used determine concentration proportion N501Y mutation raw sewage treatment plant city Karlsruhe south-western Germany over period 1 year (June 2020 July 2021). Comparison concentrations with reported COVID-19 cases catchment area showed significant correlation. As clinical official case report chain takes time, viral titre trends appeared more than 12 days earlier data, demonstrating potential as warning system. Parallel PCR analysis using seven primer probe systems revealed similar gene copy numbers E, ORF, RdRP2 NSP9 assays. RdPP1 NSP3 generally resulted lower numbers, particular N1 there low correlation other The occurrence consistent alpha-variant (B.1.1.7) corresponding individual tests. batch experiments stable several under anaerobic conditions, but decreased rapidly presence dissolved oxygen. Overall, study shows that is sensitive robust approach detect spread at stage, contributing successful pandemic management.

Language: Английский

Citations

62
Wastewater-based epidemiology: current uses and future opportunities as a public health surveillance tool DOI Open Access
Juliette O’Keeffe

Environmental Health Review, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 44 - 52

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) seeks to use biological or chemical indicators in sewage provide information on the overall health of a community. This paper provides an overview range applications WBE over past two decades, how it has been used inform public responses, and considerations for more integrated approaches based review literature. The finds that extensively around world estimation consumption patterns illicit drugs other substances, but novel also exist. As result COVID-19 pandemic, many communities first time as complementary surveillance tool, monitoring trends SARS-CoV-2 prevalence large cities, micro-surveillance targeted level. may continue be useful tool future; however, several limitations challenges Consideration obtained through can responses is essential understanding potential costs benefits compared with conventional techniques.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
SARS-CoV-2 RNA surveillance in large to small centralized wastewater treatment plants preceding the third COVID-19 resurgence in Bangkok, Thailand DOI Creative Commons
Jatuwat Sangsanont, Surapong Rattanakul, Akechai Kongprajug

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 809, P. 151169 - 151169

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been a successful indicator of COVID-19 outbreaks in populations prior to clinical testing. However, this mostly conducted high-income countries, which means there is dearth performance investigations low- and middle-income countries with different socio-economic settings. This study evaluated the applicability monitoring wastewater (n = 132) inform infection city Bangkok, Thailand using CDC N1 N2 RT-qPCR assays. influents 112) effluents 20) were collected from 19 centralized treatment plants (WWTPs) comprising four large, medium, 11 small WWTPs during seven sampling events January April 2021 third resurgence that was officially declared 2021. The assay showed higher detection rates lower Ct values than N2. first detected at event when new reported cases low. Increased positive preceded an increase number newly increased over time incidence. (both viral loads) strongest correlation daily 22-24 days lag (Spearman's Rho 0.85-1.00). Large (serving 432,000-580,000 population) exhibited similar trends loads those all WWTPs, emphasizing routine large could provide sufficient information city-scale dynamics. Higher frequency fewer sites, i.e., representative therefore suggested especially subsiding period outbreak indicate prevalence infection, acting as early warning resurgence.

Language: Английский

Citations

58
Variant-specific SARS-CoV-2 shedding rates in wastewater DOI Open Access

Sarah M. Prasek,

Ian L. Pepper, Gabriel K. Innes

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 857, P. 159165 - 159165

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Use of sewage surveillance for COVID-19 to guide public health response: A case study in Hong Kong DOI Creative Commons
Yu Deng, Xiaoqing Xu,

Xiawan Zheng

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 821, P. 153250 - 153250

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

Sewage surveillance could help develop proactive response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but currently there are limited reports about examples in practical exercises. Here, we report a use case of intensified sewage initiate public health action thwart looming Delta variant outbreak Hong Kong. On 21 June 2021, albeit under basically contained COVID-19 situation Kong, routine identified high viral load severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sample from one site covering over 33,000 population, suggesting infected cases living respective sewershed. The newly developed method based on allele-specific real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (AS RT-qPCR) served alert first documentation local community three days before was confirmed be carrier. Intensified triggered. Targeted upstream sampling at sub-sewershed areas pinpointed source positive signal across spatial scales sewershed building level, and assisted determining specific area for issuing compulsory testing order individuals 23 2021. A person who lived with result 24 Viral genome sequences determined were compared those clinic specimens matched patient, that SARS-CoV-2 sample. This study build confidences agencies using their own communities.

Language: Английский

Citations

50
Normalisation of SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in wastewater: The use of flow, electrical conductivity and crAssphage DOI Creative Commons
Jeroen Langeveld, Rémy Schilperoort, Leo Heijnen

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 865, P. 161196 - 161196

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Over the course of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020–2022, monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ribonucleic acid (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) wastewater has rapidly evolved into a supplementary surveillance instrument for public health. Short term trends (2 weeks) are used as basis policy and decision making on measures dealing with pandemic. Normalisation is required to account dilution rate domestic that can strongly vary due time- location-dependent sewer inflow runoff, industrial discharges extraneous waters. The standard approach sewage normalisation using flow measurements, although based not effective case volume sampled does match produced. In this paper, two alternative methods, electrical conductivity crAssphage have been studied compared measurements. For this, total 1116 24-h flow-proportional samples collected between September 2020 August 2021 at nine locations. addition, 221 stool analysed determine daily load per person. Results show that, shedding rates person greatly, population-level loads day were constant over time similar all catchments. Consequently, be quantitative biomarker populations above 5595 persons. Electrical particularly suitable relative dry weather concentrations. overall conclusion necessary reliably short-term virus circulation, enhanced and/or measurement quality check.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Comparative Assessment of Filtration- and Precipitation-Based Methods for the Concentration of SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses from Wastewater DOI Creative Commons
Kata Farkas, Cameron Pellett, Natasha Alex-Sanders

et al.

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4)

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been widely used to track levels of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community during COVID-19 pandemic. Due rapid expansion WBE, many methods have and developed for virus concentration detection wastewater. However, very little information is available on relative performance these approaches. In this study, we compared five commonly wastewater quantification pathogenic viruses (SARS-CoV-2, norovirus, rotavirus, influenza, measles viruses), fecal indicator (crAssphage, adenovirus, pepper mild mottle virus), process control (murine norovirus bacteriophage Phi6) laboratory spiking experiments. The evaluated included those based either ultrafiltration (Amicon centrifugation units InnovaPrep device) or precipitation (using polyethylene glycol [PEG], beef extract-enhanced PEG, ammonium sulfate). two best were further tested 115 unspiked samples. We found that volume composition characteristics target greatly affected recovery, regardless method concentration. All are suitable routine concentration; however, Amicon PEG yielded recoveries. recommend use ultrafiltration-based low sample volumes with high titers precipitation-based rare pathogen high-volume IMPORTANCE As wastewater-based utilized surveillance at level countries, it crucial develop validate reliable sewage. most important step viral efficient particles and/or their genome subsequent analysis. different dead-end also discovered physico-chemical properties a great effect recovery. Hence, start should be carefully selected ongoing future national programs beyond.

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Wastewater surveillance for 168 pharmaceuticals and metabolites in a WWTP: Occurrence, temporal variations and feasibility of metabolic biomarkers for intake estimation DOI
Lei Duan, Yizhe Zhang, Bin Wang

et al.

Water Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 216, P. 118321 - 118321

Published: March 17, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

42
SARS-CoV-2 Whole-Genome Sequencing Using Oxford Nanopore Technology for Variant Monitoring in Wastewaters DOI Creative Commons

Laure Barbé,

Julien Schaeffer,

Alban Besnard

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 9, 2022

Since the beginning of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, multiple Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutations have been reported and led to emergence variants concern (VOC) with increased transmissibility, virulence or immune escape. In parallel, observation viral fecal shedding quantification SARS-CoV-2 genomes in wastewater, providing information about dynamics infections within a population including symptomatic asymptomatic individuals. Here, we aimed adapt sequencing technique initially designed for clinical samples apply it challenging mixed wastewater matrix, hence identify circulation VOC at community level. Composite raw sewage sampled over 24 h two wastewater-treatment plants (WWTPs) from city western France were collected weekly quantified by RT-PCR. Samples between October 2020 May 2021 submitted whole-genome (WGS) using primers protocol published ARTIC Network MinION Mk1C sequencer (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Oxford, United Kingdom). The was adapted allow near-full genome coverage samples, starting ∼5% reach ∼90% depth 30. This enabled us detect single-nucleotide variant (SNV) assess Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta. Retrospective analysis shed light on Alpha detection first co-occurring signature mid-November predominance this early February 2021. mutation-specific qRT-PCR assay confirmed spread but detected later than WGS. Altogether, these data show that can be used an emerging confirm its ability track shifts predominance.

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Wastewater-based monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 at UK airports and its potential role in international public health surveillance DOI Creative Commons
Kata Farkas,

Rachel Williams,

Natasha Alex-Sanders

et al.

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. e0001346 - e0001346

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

It is well established that air travel plays a key role in the global spread of many enteric and respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. Even with restrictions (e.g. mask wearing, negative COVID-19 test prior to departure), SARS-CoV-2 may be transmitted by asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic individuals carrying virus. Due limitation current clinical surveillance approaches, complementary methods need developed allow estimation frequency entry across international borders. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) represents one such approach, allowing unbiased sampling carriage passenger cohorts entering via airports. In this study, we monitored sewage samples from terminals (n = 150) aircraft 32) at three major airports UK for 1–3 weeks March 2022. As raw were more turbid than typical municipal wastewater, used beef extract treatment followed polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation concentrate viruses, reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) detection faecal indicator virus, crAssphage. All taken sewers arrival Heathrow Bristol airports, 85% sites Edinburgh airport, positive SARS-CoV-2. This suggests high prevalence among passengers and/or airport staff members. Samples derived also showed 93% positivity. No difference viral was found before after lifted. Our results suggest WBE useful tool monitoring transfer rate human pathogens other disease-causing agents borders should form part wider efforts monitor contain future disease outbreaks.

Language: Английский

Citations

35