Sustainable wastewater reuse for agriculture

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 504 - 521

Published: June 6, 2024

Effective management of water resources is crucial for global food security and sustainable development. In this Review, we explore the potential benefits challenges associated with treated wastewater (TW) reuse irrigation. Currently, 400 km3 yr−1 generated globally, but <20% treated, that TW, only 2–15% reused irrigation depending on region. The main limitation TW inability current treatment technologies to completely remove all micropollutants contaminants emerging concern, some which have unknown impacts crops, environment health. However, advanced schemes, supported by quality monitoring regulations, can provide a stable supply agricultural production, as demonstrated in regions such USA Israel. Such schemes could potentially serve net energy source, embedded exceeds needs 9 10 times. Agriculturally useful nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus potassium be also recovered reused. act major contributor circular economy development, first steps will funding implementation social acceptance. Treated alleviate imbalances boost production water-scarce regions, thus promoting security. This Review discusses widespread agriculture framework.

Language: Английский

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Transition from irrigation with untreated wastewater to treated wastewater and associated benefits and risks

npj Clean Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitigating risks and maximizing sustainability of treated wastewater reuse for irrigation

Water Research X, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 100203 - 100203

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Scarcity of freshwater for agriculture has led to increased utilization treated wastewater (TWW), establishing it as a significant and reliable source irrigation water. However, years research indicate that if not managed adequately, TWW may deleteriously affect soil functioning plant productivity, pose hazard human environmental health. This review leverages the experience researchers, stakeholders, policymakers from Israel, United-States, Europe present holistic, multidisciplinary perspective on maximizing benefits municipal use irrigation. We specifically draw extensive knowledge gained in world leader agricultural implementation. The first two sections work set foundation understanding current challenges involved with TWW, detailing known emerging agronomic issues (such salinity phytotoxicity) public health risks contaminants concern pathogens). then presents solutions address these challenges, including technological management-based well control policies. concluding section suggestions path forward, emphasizing importance improving links between policy, better outreach practitioners. this platform call action, form global harmonized data system will centralize scientific findings agronomic, effects Insights such collaboration help mitigate risks, facilitate more sustainable food production future.

Language: Английский

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Selection of indicator contaminants of emerging concern when reusing reclaimed water for irrigation — A proposed methodology

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 873, P. 162359 - 162359

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Organic and microbial contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), even though not yet regulated, are great in reclaimed water reuse projects. Due to the large number CECs their different characteristics, it is useful include only a limited them monitoring programs. The selection most representative still current open question. This study presents new methodology for this scope, particular evaluation performance polishing treatment assessment risk environment irrigated crops. As organic CECs, based on four criteria (occurrence, persistence, bioaccumulation toxicity) expressed terms surrogates (respectively, concentrations secondary effluent, removal achieved conventional activated sludge systems, Log Kow predicted-no-effect concentration). It consists of: (i) development dataset including found together with corresponding values literature or by in-field investigations; (ii) normalization step assignment score between 1 (low environmental impact) 5 (high threshold set according experts' judgement; (iii) CEC ranking final obtained as sum specific scores; (iv) needs. Regarding occurrence highest detection frequency effluent receiving water, antibiotic consumption patterns, recommendations national international organisations. was applied within ongoing project SERPIC resulting list 30 indicator amoxicillin, bisphenol A, ciprofloxacin, diclofenac, erythromycin, ibuprofen, iopromide, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, Escherichia coli, faecal coliform, 16S rRNA, sul1, sul2.

Language: Английский

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Contamination of water, soil, and plants by micropollutants from reclaimed wastewater and sludge from a wastewater treatment plant

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 907, P. 167965 - 167965

Published: Oct. 20, 2023

Several studies have shown that plants can absorb various micropollutants. The behavior of micropollutants from wastewater treatment plant resources was comprehensively investigated in raised beds which either a mixture vegetables or maize grown. were irrigated with treated enriched sewage sludge composted sludge. Over the year, samples wastewater, water drained beds, soils and analyzed. Of seventy-five analyzed substances, fifty-four, thirty-three twenty-seven quantified sludge, respectively. Alarmingly, approximately 20 % compounds also detected solutions leached (e.g., gabapentin, tramadol, sertraline, carbamazepine, its metabolites, benzotriazoles). In addition, gradual increase content four substances (telmisartan, venlafaxine, citalopram) recorded these beds. both biosolids used for soil enrichment tended to remain telmisartan, metabolite, citalopram, metabolite). Only (sertraline three benzotriazoles) Uptake some chemicals carbamazepine venlafaxine metabolite) their accumulation tissues observed mainly grown on wastewater. However, daily consumption values edible parts individual did not indicate direct threat human health. Results this innovative study show possible risks associated use agriculture. particular concern is percolation towards groundwater, including those high sorption thus low mobility environment expected, such as sertraline. Soil crop contamination cannot be neglected either.

Language: Английский

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Combined use of strictly anaerobic MBBR and aerobic MBR for municipal wastewater treatment and removal of pharmaceuticals

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 343, P. 118211 - 118211

Published: May 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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When biochar meets iron mineral: An opportunity to achieve enhanced performance in treating toxic metal(loid)s and refractory organics

Separation and Purification Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 350, P. 128022 - 128022

Published: May 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Factors driving PPCPs uptake by crops after wastewater irrigation and human health implications

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 237, P. 116923 - 116923

Published: Aug. 19, 2023

Currently, water scarcity affects more than three billion people. Nevertheless, the volume of treated wastewater discharged into environment is estimated to exceed 100 m3 per inhabitant/year. These resources are regularly used in agriculture worldwide overcome shortages. Such a practice, however, entails uptake waterborne pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), by crops their further access food web, constituting an additional route human exposure PPCPs, with potential health outcomes. In this study, occurrence 56 PPCPs tomatoes, lettuce, carrot, together soil irrigation water, was evaluated using QuEChERS-based methodology for extraction LC-MS/MS analysis. The influence selected cultivation conditions on plant levels assessed. Two qualities (secondary tertiary treatment effluents), two compositions (sandy clayey), systems (dripping sprinkling), crop types (lettuce, tomato, carrot) were tested. Carrots showed highest load (7787 ng/g dw), followed tomatoes (1692 dw) lettuces (1248 dw). most translocated norfluoxetine (fluoxetine antidepressant main metabolite) (521 anti-inflammatory diclofenac (360 Nine reported be accumulated first time. Water quality important factor reducing PPCPs' uptake. Overall, best PPCP reclaimed sprinkling soils higher clay content. risk assessment performed revealed that crops' consumption posed no health. This study serves comprehensive relevance diverse factors under field agricultural practices.

Language: Английский

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Selection of pharmaceuticals of concern in reclaimed water for crop irrigation in the Mediterranean area

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 466, P. 133538 - 133538

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

The reuse of reclaimed water in agriculture is being fostered areas suffering from scarcity. However, pollutants can compromise food safety and pose a risk for the environment. This study aims to select pharmaceutical compounds worth monitoring investigating when used tomato lettuce irrigation. A comprehensive was first conducted identify pharmaceuticals frequently detected secondary wastewater effluents Catalonia (Northeast Spain). Priority were further selected based on their occurrence effluents, persistence (removal conventional treatment), bioaccumulation potential, toxicity aquatic organisms, risks they terrestrial environment human health (through consumption crops). Out 47 preselected priority compounds, six could organisms living soil irrigated with seven be potentially taken up by crops. Nonetheless, no foreseen.

Language: Английский

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Uptake of tire-derived compounds in leafy vegetables and implications for human dietary exposure

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 28, 2024

Introduction Tire and road wear particles are one of the most abundant types microplastic entering environment. The toxicity tire has been linked to their organic additives associated transformation products. particles, tire-derived compounds introduced agricultural environment via atmospheric deposition, irrigation with reclaimed wastewater, use biosolids (treated sewage sludge) as fertilizer. In environment, these could be taken up by edible plants, leading human exposure. Methods Sixteen were measured in twenty-eight commercial leafy vegetable samples from four countries. Based on results, estimated daily intake was calculated due consumption based local diets under a mean maximum concentration scenario. Results vegetables, six detected: benzothiazole (maximum concentration—238 ng/g dry weight), 2-hydroxybenzothiazole concentration—665 1,3-diphenylguanidine concentration—2.1 N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD, concentration—0.4 N-Isopropyl-N-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine (IPPD, concentration—0.1 N-phenyl-N-cyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine (CPPD, concentration—0.3 weight). At least compound present 71% analyzed. for ranged 0.05 ng/person/day scenario 4.0 scenario; 12 1,296 ng/person/day; 6PPD 0.06 2.6 IPPD 0.04 1.1 CPPD ng/person/day. Discussion Statistical analyses did not reveal correlation between known growth conditions concentrations samples. generally lower than or comparable other sources. However, we show that foodstuff, exposure might higher produce. Future studies needed uncover pathways food, assess products, investigate biological effects this

Language: Английский

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