Clinical translation of microbiome research

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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RSV infection in neonatal mice and gastrointestinal microbiome alteration contribute to allergic predisposition

Mucosal Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection during infancy is associated with a 2 to 4-fold increased risk for the development of wheezing and asthma. Recent studies have implicated microbiome changes, either within lung or gut, early life can also affect pulmonary disease. Our demonstrate long-term gastrointestinal changes following (EL) RSV infection. To determine respective roles ELRSV gut microbiome, we performed germ-free neonatal colonization using from an uninfected animal followed by cockroach allergen (CRA)-induced asthma 4 weeks later. Germ-free animals displayed airway disease that was diminished colonization, including hyperreactivity (AHR), mucus, eosinophil infiltration. address role induced alterations, utilized GF mice conventionalized RSV-associated naive microbiomes CRA-induced Transfer taken acute did not alter allergic response CRA. However, transfer adult conferred protection enhanced AHR in CRA whereas not. Taken together, our data indicate alteration both contribute predisposition.

Language: Английский

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Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan Decoction Alleviates Asthma via Spatial Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Treg Cell Promotion

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 646 - 646

Published: April 28, 2025

Objective: Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan decoction (TMDC), a traditional Chinese prescription, has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in treating allergic asthma. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of TMDC asthma from perspective Treg cells and gut microbiota across distinct segments (jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon). Methods: An ovalbumin (OVA)-induced model was established mice, followed by oral administration at high, medium, low dose. Immune lung inflammation were examined assess severity. Microbial composition determined 16S rRNA sequencing. Antibiotic cocktail Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) administrated confirm key role specific bacteria. Results: attenuated (p < 0.01) eosinophilic infiltration as well IL-4 IL-5 secretion 0.01); it also associated with an increase lung, small intestine (SI), colon 0.05). Meanwhile, restored number species Shannon index hindgut reinstated beneficial bacteria, such Allobaculum Turicibacter, which diminished asthmatic mice. Notably, significantly enriched Bifidobacterium Lactobacillus, particularly hindgut. abundance correlated 0.05) cells, IL-4, IL-5, eosinophils. Furthermore, LGG supplementation elevated decreased due antibiotic-induced depletion. Conclusion: alleviated promoting cell expansion Lactobacillus-dependent manner different segments, providing new insights into its therapeutic mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Contributions of the early-life microbiome to childhood atopy and asthma development

Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69, P. 101795 - 101795

Published: June 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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Host factors are associated with vaginal microbiome structure in pregnancy in the ECHO Cohort Consortium

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Using pooled vaginal microbiota data from pregnancy cohorts (N = 683 participants) in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, we analyzed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences to identify clinical and demographic host factors that associate with structure both within across diverse cohorts. PERMANOVA models, assessed associated community pregnancy, examined whether were conserved populations, tested independent combined effects of state types (CSTs) using multinomial logistic regression models. Demographic social explained a larger amount variation microbiome than factors. After adjustment, lower education, rather self-identified race, remained robust predictor L. iners dominant (CST III) IV) (OR 8.44, 95% CI 4.06–17.6 OR 4.18, 1.88–9.26, respectively). In random forest identified specific taxonomic features factors, particularly urogenital pathogens complications ( Aerococcus christensenii Gardnerella spp.) among other facultative anaerobes key markers instability ). Sociodemographic robustly should be considered as sources human studies.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome Therapeutics for Food Allergy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5155 - 5155

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

The prevalence of food allergies continues to rise, and with limited existing therapeutic options there is a growing need for new innovative treatments. Food are, in large part, related environmental influences on immune tolerance early life, represent significant challenge. An expanding body evidence molecular mechanisms murine models microbiome associations humans have highlighted the critical role gut dysbiosis pathogenesis allergies. As such, rational target novel strategies aimed at preventing treating allergies, methods modifying gastrointestinal combat dysregulation promising avenues translation future clinical practice. In this review, we discuss intersection between development particular focus strategies. These emerging approaches are subject continued investigation include dietary interventions, pre- probiotics, microbiota metabolism-based targeted live biotherapeutics. This exciting frontier may reveal disease-modifying allergy treatments, deserves careful study through ongoing trials.

Language: Английский

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Sustained mucosal colonization and fecal metabolic dysfunction by Bacteroides associates with fecal microbial transplant failure in ulcerative colitis patients

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Abstract Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) offers promise for treating ulcerative colitis (UC), though the mechanisms underlying treatment failure are unknown. This study harnessed longitudinally collected colonic biopsies (n = 38) and fecal samples 179) from 19 adults with mild-to-moderate UC undergoing serial FMT in which antimicrobial pre-treatment delivery mode (capsules versus enema) were assessed clinical response (≥ 3 points decrease Mayo score). Colonic underwent dual RNA-Seq; parallel 16S rRNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing as well untargeted metabolomic analyses. Pre-FMT, mucosa of non-responsive (NR) patients harbored an increased burden bacteria, including Bacteroides , that expressed more resistance genes compared to responsive (R) patients. NR also exhibited muted mucosal expression innate immune genes. Post-FMT, R microbiomes metabolomes significant divergence. had elevated concentrations immunostimulatory compounds sphingomyelins, lysophospholipids taurine. enriched fragilis salyersiae strains encoded capable taurine production. These findings suggest both effective clearance reintroduction bacteria reshape luminal metabolism associate success persistent colonization by antimicrobial-resistant species may contribute failure.

Language: Английский

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A Review on Maternal and Infant Microbiota and Their Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Allergic Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. 2483 - 2483

Published: May 26, 2023

Allergic diseases, which are closely related to the composition and metabolism of maternal infant flora, prevalent in infants worldwide. The mother’s breast milk, intestinal, vaginal flora directly or indirectly influence development infant’s immune system from pregnancy lactation, compositional functional alterations associated with allergic diseases infants. Meanwhile, own represented by intestinal indicates regulates occurrence is altered intervention diseases. By searching selecting relevant literature PubMed 2010 2023, mechanisms allergy links between reviewed, including effects its consequences on metabolism. critical role has provided a window for probiotics as microbial therapy. Therefore, uses probiotics, such lactic acid bacteria, can help improve homeostasis both mother infant, thereby treat allergies, also described.

Language: Английский

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Birth Mode Does Not Determine the Presence of Shared Bacterial Strains between the Maternal Vaginal Microbiome and the Infant Stool Microbiome

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4)

Published: June 20, 2023

Dysbiosis of the neonatal gut microbiome during early life has been suggested as missing link that may explain higher rates certain diseases in caesarean section-delivered infants. Many studies report delivery mode-related dysbiosis infants due to a lack maternal vaginal exposure, prompting interventions correct by transferring these microbes after delivery. The is among first microbial exposures many experience, yet little known about extent direct transmission microbes. As part Maternal Microbiome Legacy Project, we aimed determine if bacteria are vertically transmitted We employed cpn60 profiling, culture-based screening, molecular strain typing, and whole-genome sequencing whether identical strains were present infant stool microbiomes. identified sequence variants both halves maternal-infant dyads 204 585 Canadian women their newborn (38.9%). same species Bifidobacterium Enterococcus cultured from corresponding samples 33 13 mother-infant dyads, respectively. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis determined near-identical detected irrespective mode, indicating an alternative source cases Overall, demonstrated vertical microbiota likely limited other body sites, such breast milk, compensate for exposure IMPORTANCE importance human health disease widely recognized, there growing appreciation alterations composition "critical window" development impact later life. Attempts related birth mode underpinned assumption responsible dysbiosis. Here, demonstrate gut, even Furthermore, presence shared between mothers life, delivery, highlights compensatory sources than vagina.

Language: Английский

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Arthropods to Eutherians: A Historical and Contemporary Comparison of Sparse Prenatal Microbial Communities Among Animalia Species

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 92(2)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Since the advent of next-generation sequencing, investigators worldwide have sought to discern whether a functional and biologically or clinically relevant prenatal microbiome exists. One line research has led hypothesis that microbial DNA detected in utero/in ovo prior birth/hatching is result contamination does not belong viable microbes. Many these preliminary evaluations been conducted humans, mice, nonhuman primates due sample specimen availability. However, comprehensive review literature across animal species suggests organisms maintain an obligate relationship with microbes may act as better models for interrogating selective pressures placed on vertical transfer over traditional laboratory species. To date, studies humans viviparous failed illustrate clear presence utero. Until ground truth regarding status relevance can be ascertained, it salient conduct parallel investigations into prevalence developmental lifespan multiple kingdom Animalia. This understanding necessary only determine role vertically transmitted their products early human health but also understand full Health impact. among first compile such primary conclusions from original investigator's conclusions, hence collectively illustrates supported by experimental evidence arising long rigorous scientific history encompassing breadth

Language: Английский

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