Migration of wheat stripe rust from the primary oversummering region to neighboring regions in China

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Abstract Changing climate and changes in cropping systems have greatly affected outbreaks of plant diseases. Wheat stripe rust is a disease posing threat to global wheat production, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ). oversummering regions play crucial role the emergence new races China. To unveil migration pattern adjacent regions, we develop set KASP-SNP marker from 28 whole-genome sequences investigate population structure its regions. A 19 Chinese differentials used characterize virulence patterns 308 sampled isolates. By integrating characterization, genetic analysis, air trajectory simulation field monitoring, two main dispersal routes are identified. Inocula Eastern Qinghai dispersed Western Liupan Mountain, reach Guanzhong Plain. The second route originates Middle Gansu, then through Longnan, reaches Plain via Mountain. Both result inoculum spreading Huang-Huai-Hai region, wheat-growing region proposed can be management strategies at regional national scale.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide atlas of rust resistance loci in wheat

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 137(8)

Published: July 9, 2024

Rust diseases, including leaf rust, stripe/yellow and stem significantly impact wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields, causing substantial economic losses every year. Breeding deployment of cultivars with genetic resistance is the most effective sustainable approach to control these diseases. The toolkit for breeders select rust has rapidly expanded a multitude loci identified using latest advances in genomics, mapping cloning strategies. goal this review was establish genome atlas that provides comprehensive summary reported associated resistance. Our mapped quantitative trait (QTL) characterised genes three rusts from 170 publications over past two decades. A total 920 QTL or were positioned across 21 chromosomes based on reference (IWGSC RefSeq v2.1). Interestingly, 26 genomic regions contained multiple suggesting they could have pleiotropic effects more We discuss range strategies exploit wealth information efficiently utilise sources resistance, stack desirable develop enhanced disease.

Language: Английский

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Genotyping reveals high genotypic diversity and potential migration pattern of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici populations in Xinjiang and Northwest epidemic regions of China

Phytopathology Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract The Xinjiang epidemiological region of wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst ), exhibits distinct characteristics compared to other epidemic regions in China. This provides favorable conditions for complete its life cycle and serves as a connection major wheat-growing areas across the country. However, despite limited studies on populations Xinjiang, comprehensive understanding epidemiology rust this remains unclear. gap complicates effective management disease due uncertainties regarding inoculum sources migration routes. In study, we conducted comparative population genetic analysis within (North, Midwest, East Xinjiang) neighboring provinces (Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia) trace origins confirm patterns. For purpose, total 232 samples were collected genotyped using 17 simple sequence repeats markers. Our findings revealed significant gene flow Midwestern Eastern regions, well among Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Shaanxi. particularly western subregion, is likely be an source. Additionally, observed shared multilocus genotypes between provinces. overall high genotypic diversity Northwestern China (Simpson’s index = 0.98) indicates hotspot emergence new races through sexual recombination. driven widespread distribution alternate host, barberry Berberis spp.), which facilitates reproduction certain regions. These results provide valuable insights into dynamics Furthermore, study underscores importance deploying genetically resistant cultivars effectively control these

Language: Английский

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Genomics Research on the Road of Studying Biology and Virulence of Cereal Rust Fungi

Molecular Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Rust fungi are highly destructive pathogens that pose a significant threat to crop production worldwide, especially cereals. Obligate biotrophy and, in many cases, complex life cycles make rust particularly challenging study. However, recent rapid advances sequencing technologies and genomic analysis tools have revolutionised fungal research. It is anticipated the increasing availability ongoing substantial improvements genome assemblies will propel field of biology into post‐genomic era, instigating cascade research endeavours encompassing multi‐omics gene discoveries. This case for cereal pathogens, which continental‐scale studies virulence been conducted over years historical collections viable isolates sequenced assembled. Genomic plays crucial role uncovering underlying causes high variability complexity population dynamics fungi. Here, we provide an overview progress genomics, discuss strategies employed analysis, elucidate strides drive era.

Language: Английский

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Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. e3003097 - e3003097

Published: May 2, 2025

Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here study genomics molecular epidemiology wheat powdery mildew, disease caused by biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt across two consecutive years, 2022 2023, compiled genomic dataset 415 isolates from 22 countries in Europe surrounding regions. identified single epidemic unit north Europe, consisting highly homogeneous population. Conversely, south hosts smaller local populations which less interconnected. In addition, show that structure can be largely predicted prevalent wind patterns. several loci were under selection recent past, including fungicide targets avirulence genes. Some these common between populations, while others not, suggesting different selective pressures. reconstructed evolutionary history one loci, AvrPm17 , coding an effector recognized receptor Pm17. found evidence soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple haplotypes, partially escape recognition Pm17, spread rapidly throughout continent upon its introduction early 2000s. also new virulent variant, emerged more recently evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, highlight potential surveillance resolving dynamics agricultural pathogens, as well guiding

Language: Английский

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Dynamic of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Urediniospore and Its Correlation with Wheat Stripe Rust Epidemics in Xiangyang of China

Crop Protection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 106898 - 106898

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Abstract Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here study genomics molecular epidemiology wheat powdery mildew, disease caused by biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt two consecutive years, 2022 2023, from 22 countries in Europe surrounding regions, compiled genomic dataset 415 isolates. found one single epidemic unit north Europe, consisting highly homogeneous population. Conversely, south hosts smaller local populations which less interconnected. In addition, show that structure can be largely predicted prevalent wind patterns. identified several loci were under selection recent past, including fungicide targets avirulence genes. Some these common between populations, while others not, suggesting different selective pressures. reconstructed evolutionary history loci, AvrPm17 , coding an effector recognized receptor Pm17. evidence soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple haplotypes, partially escape recognition Pm17, spread rapidly throughout continent upon its introduction early 2000s. also new virulent variant, emerged more recently evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, highlight potential surveillance resolving dynamics agricultural pathogens, as well guiding

Language: Английский

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Genetic Analysis Reveals Relationships Among Populations of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici from Shaanxi–Gansu–Ningxia–Xinjiang of Northwestern and Sichuan–Yunnan of Southwestern China

Plant Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 108(6), P. 1659 - 1669

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases worldwide. In China, wheat rust generally occurs in northwestern and southwestern regions; however, genetic relationships Pst populations between these regions are largely unclear. To determine population structure potential migration route regions, 235 isolates collected from Xinjiang (XJ), Gansu (GS), Ningxia (NX), Shaanxi (SX), Sichuan (SC), Yunnan (YN) provinces 2021 2022 were phenotyped using two sets differentials genotyped 20 competitive allele-specific PCR-single nucleotide polymorphism (KASP-SNP) markers. The phenotype tests indicated that CYR34, CYR32, CYR33 predominant races with different occurrence frequencies years. Genotypic analysis revealed a total 183 multilocus genotypes identified, diversity YN subpopulation was highest. background SX similar to GS NX subpopulations, SC subpopulations. A high level gene flow (Nm) found GS, NX, suggesting among while small amount Nm existed may serve as bridge connecting subpopulations (SX, NX) (SC YN). With relatively distance low values compared other XJ considered independent epidemiological region China. These results improved our current understanding epidemic

Language: Английский

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Mapping and validation of a novel major QTL for resistance to stripe rust in four wheat populations derived from landrace Qishanmai

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 16, 2023

Wheat yield has been constrained by stripe rust disease globally. A wheat landrace (Qishanmai, QSM) consistently showed lower severities in multiple year studies than susceptible check varieties including Suwon11 (SW) at the adult plant stage. To detect QTL for reducing severity QSM, 1218 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed from SW × QSM. detection was conducted firstly using 112 RILs selected similarity pheno-morphological characters. The assessed 2nd leaf, 6th leaf and flag stages under field greenhouse conditions, genotyping done primarily with a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. On basis of these phenotypic genotypic data, major ( QYr.cau-1DL ) detected on chromosome 1D stages. Further mapping new simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which referring to sequences line Chinese Spring (IWGSC RefSeq v1.0). mapped within 0.5 cM (5.2 Mb) interval delimited SSR markers 1D-320.58 1D-325.79. These applied select screening F 2 or BC 4 plants crosses RL6058 Lantian10 QSM Yannong21 2:3 families derived resistance fields two locations greenhouse. carrying resistant marker haplotype homozygous state (by 44% 48%) lacking this QTL. trial (a carrier Yr18 also indicated that had larger effect severity; they acted synergistically, yielding an elevated level resistance.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Urediniospores and Its Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Mianyang, China

Phytopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 114(6), P. 1289 - 1294

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ( Pst), is one of the main diseases wheat worldwide. Mianyang Sichuan province in Southwest China regions for winter Pst inoculum production and spring epidemic provides urediniospores infecting surrounding regions. Understanding urediniospore dynamics important to predict manage stripe rust. In this study, spore trapping coupled with a TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR method was used monitor airborne from December 2019 2022 Mianyang. Weather conditions (temperature, relative humidity, daily sunshine duration, precipitation) were collected same period. These data study relationship density climatic conditions. The results showed that captured all year round, annual peak densities occurred period March April which accounted largest proportion total urediniospores. linearly related average duration 20 days temperature 15 prior final day 7-day This needs be tested other where can sporulate during before it integrated infection rust development.

Language: Английский

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