HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(2), P. 23 - 39
Published: Sept. 5, 2024
The
lecture
outlines
modern
ideas
about
the
etiology,
features
of
epidemic
process,
mechanisms
damage
to
human
body,
clinical
manifestations,
diagnosis,
treatment
and
prevention
infection
caused
by
Nipah
virus.
Particular
attention
is
paid
characteristics
individual
outbreaks
infectious
process
in
various
geographical
regions
world,
early
long-term
psychopathological,
neurological
cognitive
consequences
due
with
risk
factors
for
emergence
rapid
spread
a
very
high
mortality
rate,
reaching
100%,
are
emphasized,
which
determines
pandemic
potential
hidden
threats
society.
Recommendations
outlined
transmission
virus
at
all
levels:
from
animals
humans,
humans
medical
institutions,
which,
absence
effective
vaccine
specific
antiviral
treatment,
basis
containing
process.
In
this
regard,
measures
taken
planned
provide
patients
contact
persons
adequate
psychological
care,
development
implementation
anti-epidemic,
diagnostic
algorithms,
timely
high-quality
social
hygienic
monitoring
environmental
objects
against
backdrop
increasing
biological
outside,
within
country
will
minimize
risks
threats.
intended
doctors
specialties,
including
disease
specialists,
epidemiologists,
general
practitioners,
neurologists,
psychiatrists,
laboratory
diagnosticians,
radiologists
etc.
The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
33, P. 100527 - 100527
Published: Jan. 5, 2025
The
2024
Nipah
outbreak
in
Kerala,
India-its
fifth
six
years-and
the
recurring
annual
outbreaks
Bangladesh
underscore
persistent
threat
posed
by
virus
(NiV)
region.
With
a
high
mortality
rate,
human-to-human
transmission
potential,
and
widespread
presence
of
Pteropus
bats,
natural
reservoir,
NiV
remains
significant
epidemic
threat.
Despite
being
WHO
priority
pathogen,
there
has
been
no
systematic
effort
to
improve
patient
care
for
NiVD,
leading
consistently
poor
outcomes.
Current
relies
on
supportive
measures
'compassionate
use'
unapproved
drugs
like
ribavirin
remdesivir.
Drugs
used
'off-label'
during
can
become
'standard
care'
without
robust
evidence
their
safety
or
efficacy,
complicating
testing
new
therapies
perpetuating
uncertainty
about
true
effectiveness.
To
NiVD
care,
we
propose
four
key
strategies:
1)
Enhance
early
case
detection,
2)
optimize
outcomes
create
standard
future
trials,
3)
adopt
syndromic
approach
centered
encephalitis,
4)
explore
innovative
trial
designs
tailored
low
numbers
as
an
alternative
use'.
By
integrating
these
strategies,
healthcare
systems
NiV-endemic
regions
will
be
better
equipped
manage
both
current
outbreaks.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Oct. 7, 2024
The
Nipah
virus
(NiV),
a
member
of
the
Paramyxoviridae
family,
is
notorious
for
its
high
fatality
rate
in
humans.
RNA
polymerase
machinery
NiV,
comprising
large
protein
L
and
phosphoprotein
P,
essential
viral
replication.
This
study
presents
2.9-Å
cryo-electron
microscopy
structure
NiV
L-P
complex,
shedding
light
on
assembly
functionality.
not
only
demonstrates
molecular
details
conserved
N-terminal
domain,
RNA-dependent
(RdRp),
GDP
polyribonucleotidyltransferase
protein,
but
also
intact
central
oligomerization
domain
C-terminal
X
P
protein.
interacts
extensively
with
forming
an
antiparallel
β-sheet
among
protomers
fingers
subdomain
RdRp.
flexible
linker
one
promoter
extends
contact
to
reach
near
nascent
exit,
highlighting
distinct
characteristic
interface.
distinctive
tetrameric
organization
interaction
provide
crucial
insights
into
replication
transcription
mechanisms
polymerase,
ultimately
contributing
development
effective
treatments
preventive
measures
against
this
family
deadly
pathogen.
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 15, 2024
Abstract
Nipah
virus
disease
is
a
bat-borne
zoonosis
with
person-to-person
transmission,
case
fatality
rate
of
38-75%,
and
recognised
pandemic
potential.
The
first
reported
outbreak
occurred
in
Malaysia
Singapore
1998,
since
followed
by
multiple
outbreaks
Bangladesh
India.
No
therapeutics
or
vaccines
have
been
licensed
to
date,
only
few
candidates
are
development.
This
systematic
review
aimed
assess
the
evidence
for
safety
efficacy
therapeutic
options
(monoclonal
antibodies
small
molecules)
other
henipaviral
diseases
order
support
candidate
prioritisation
further
evaluation
clinical
trials.
At
present,
there
sufficient
trial
m102.4
remdesivir
(singly
and/or
combination)
prophylaxis
early
treatment
disease.
In
addition
well-designed
trials,
vivo
pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic
studies
optimise
selection
dosing
animal
challenge
natural
human
infection
needed.
Research
context
Evidence
before
this
study
We
conducted
searched
bibliographic
databases
journal
articles,
conference
abstracts,
patents:
PubMed,
Ovid
Embase,
CAB
Abstracts,
Global
Health,
Scopus,
Web
Science
(all
databases),
WHO
Index
Medicus.
“Henipavirus”
“Nipah”
“Hendra”
along
“therapeutics”
“monoclonal”
were
title,
abstract,
subject
heading
keywords,
synonyms
variant
spellings
as
additional
search
terms.
registries
trials
Henipavirus,
virus,
Hendra
at
all
stages
recruitment:
Cochrane
Central
Register
Controlled
Trials,
ClinicalTrials.gov,
International
Clinical
Trials
Registry
Platform.
Trip
database
website
guidelines
reports.
All
searches
on
30
May
2022.
did
not
apply
language
publication
date
limits.
Studies
included
if
they
contained
primary
data
monoclonal
(
vivo)
molecules
vitro
)
Nipah,
Hendra,
related
Henipaviridae
.
Almost
had
critical
high
risk
bias.
Added
value
most
detailed
analysis
landscape
including
available
safety,
efficacy,
pharmaco-kinetics
specific
aim
supporting
also
present
roadmap
how
development
could
be
strengthened
achieve
greater
equity,
efficiency,
effectiveness.
Implications
infection.
Well-designed
well
The Lancet Microbe,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 101002 - 101002
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Nipah
virus
disease
is
a
bat-borne
zoonosis
with
person-to-person
transmission,
case-fatality
rate
of
38-75%,
and
well
recognised
potential
to
cause
pandemic.
The
first
reported
outbreak
occurred
in
Malaysia
Singapore
1998,
which
has
since
been
followed
by
multiple
outbreaks
Bangladesh
India.
To
date,
no
therapeutics
or
vaccines
have
approved
treat
disease,
only
few
such
candidates
are
development.
In
this
Review,
we
aim
assess
the
safety
efficacy
therapeutic
options
(monoclonal
antibodies
small
molecules)
for
other
henipaviral
diseases
support
prioritisation
drug
further
evaluation
clinical
trials.
At
present,
sufficient
evidence
exists
suggest
trialling
1F5,
m102.4,
remdesivir
(alone
combination)
prophylaxis
early
treatment
disease.
addition
designed
trials,
in-vivo
pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic
studies
needed
optimise
selection
dosing
animal
challenge
natural
human
infection.
