Equity for Children in the United States

Published: April 27, 2024

All children deserve access to the conditions and opportunities needed thrive, including unbiased accessible healthcare high-quality learning opportunities; safe, toxin-free communities stable housing; nutritious meals; secure, warm, available, loving caregivers. Historic contemporary injustices in US society have created inequities opportunity resources for Black, Latine, Asian, American Indian Alaska Native, other of color, with disabilities, poverty, marginalized children; these contributed stark disparities across child development outcomes. This Element overviews economic, educational, health systems through historical perspectives describes how impact families. Solutions address are considered a fairer society, starting its youngest residents, where all families what they need thrive. title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Language: Английский

Children's Defensive Mindset

Published: May 14, 2024

The primary psychological process leading aggressive children to grow into dysfunctional adults is a defensive mindset, which encompasses pattern of deviant social information processing steps, including hypervigilance threat; hostile attributional biases; psychophysiological reactivity, experience rage and testosterone release (in males); problem-solving styles; aggressogenic decision-making deficient behavioral skills. These processes are acquired in childhood predict adult maladjustment outcomes, incarceration premature death. antecedents mindset lie early experiences trauma threat. Fast Track (FT) intervention was designed improve competence children. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated that FT effective preventing externalizing psychopathology; the mediating factor reduction processes. This Element concludes with insights might also explain dysfunction other realms, school culture, parenting, marriage, workplace, intergroup relationships, politics, international relations.

Language: Английский

Temperament and Child Development in Context

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Children's temperament is a central individual characteristic that has significant implications, directly and indirectly, for their social, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, health outcomes, through its evocative moderating effects on other social contextual influences. Accounting these influences critical to articulating the role of in children's development. This Element defines describes roots neurobiological systems as well relevance developmental with focus understanding influence environmental contexts. It covers key periods, situating contribution development complex changing processes contexts from infancy adolescence. The concludes by underscoring value integrating contextual, relational, dynamic approaches pointing future directions research application.

Language: Английский