Effects of the built environment and human factors on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic literature review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 850, P. 158056 - 158056

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Screening tools to address social determinants of health in the United States: A systematic review

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services have mandated that hospitals implement measures to screen social determinants of health (SDoH). We sought report on available SDoH screening tools. PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, as well the grey literature were searched (1980 November 2023). included studies US-based, written in English, and examined a tool assess SDoH. Thirty analytic cohort. number questions any given assessment varied considerably ranged from 5 50 (mean: 16.6). A total 19 domains examined. Housing ( n = 23, 92%) safety/violence 21, 84%) assessed most frequently. Food/nutrition 17, 68%), income/financial 16, 64%), transportation 15, 60%), family/social support 14, 56%), utilities 13, 52%), education/literacy 52%) also commonly Eighteen proposed specific interventions address tools are critical identify various needs vulnerabilities help develop patient needs. Moreover, there is marked heterogeneity tools, significant variability by currently

Language: Английский

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Patients with unmet social needs are at higher risks of developing severe long COVID-19 symptoms and neuropsychiatric sequela

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract This study investigated long COVID of patients in the Montefiore Health System COVID-19 (CORE) Clinics Bronx with an emphasis on identifying health related social needs (HRSNs). We analyzed a cohort 643 CORE (6/26/2020–2/24/2023) and 52,089 non-CORE patients. Outcomes included symptoms, physical, emotional, cognitive function test scores obtained at least three months post-infection. Socioeconomic variables median incomes, insurance status, HRSNs. The was older age (53.38 ± 14.50 vs. 45.91 23.79 years old, p < 0.001), more female (72.47% 56.86%, had higher prevalence hypertension (45.88% 23.28%, diabetes (22.86% 13.83%, COPD (7.15% 2.28%, asthma (25.51% 12.66%, lower incomes (53.81% 43.67%, 1 st quintile, unmet (29.81% 18.49%, 0.001) compared to survivors. reported wide range severe long-COVID symptoms. HRSNs experienced worse ESAS-r (tiredness, wellbeing, shortness breath, pain), PHQ-9 (12.5 (6, 17.75) 7 (2, 12), GAD-7 (8.5 (3, 15) 4 (0, 9), without. Patients outcomes those

Language: Английский

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PANDEMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF COVID-19 LESSONS AND FUTURE HEALTHCARE PREPAREDNESS

International Medical Science Research Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. 89 - 107

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

This comprehensive review examines the epidemiology of COVID-19 pandemic, shedding light on pivotal lessons learned and their implications for future healthcare preparedness. Analyzing global landscape virus, delves into transmission dynamics, risk factors influencing severe outcomes, effectiveness diverse public health interventions. It provides a nuanced exploration challenges encountered by systems worldwide, elucidating strengths vulnerabilities brought to forefront pandemic. The study underscores need multifaceted approach preparedness, emphasizing critical importance integrated surveillance systems, agile response mechanisms, implementation evidence-based strategies. Drawing experiences from regions, identifies key in pandemic management, showcasing successful strategies innovative interventions that have proven effective curbing virus's spread. Moreover, role vaccination campaigns shaping trajectory emphasizes vital contribution technology bolstering resilience. As world grapples with long-term effects COVID-19, this aims distill essential insights can inform preparedness efforts. By synthesizing knowledge gleaned posed analysis offers foundation strategies, guiding towards enhanced readiness confront mitigate impact infectious threats. Keywords: Pandemic, Epidemiology, Healthcare, Review.

Language: Английский

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Positive childhood experiences serve as protective factors for mental health in pandemic-era youth with adverse childhood experiences

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106640 - 106640

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict poorer mental health across the life course, positive (PCEs) better health. It is unclear whether PCEs protect against poor outcomes and promote well-being in pandemic-era adolescents with ACEs. We examined individual joint contributions of ACEs to (MHW) eleventh-grade British Columbian (N = 8864) during fifth wave COVID-19. used a novel measure that included community- societal-level addition experienced at home investigate role social structural determinants supporting MHW adolescents. A series two-way ANCOVAs were conducted comparing between without Interaction effects moderated association MHW. Adolescents no had significantly than those one or more ACE. Having six was associated depression. Effect sizes larger for relation depression, well-being, satisfaction. may depression among all These findings emphasize importance addressing mitigate impact as part public approach

Language: Английский

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Sociodemographic Trends and Correlation between Parental Hesitancy towards Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccines and Routine Childhood Immunizations in the United States: 2021–2022 National Immunization Survey—Child COVID Module

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 495 - 495

Published: May 3, 2024

Multiple factors may influence parental vaccine hesitancy towards pediatric COVID-19 vaccines and routine childhood immunizations (RCIs). Using the United States National Immunization Survey-Child COVID Module data collected from parents/guardians of children aged 5-11 years, this cross-sectional study (1) identified trends prevalence estimates RCIs, (2) examined relationship between (3) assessed in RCIs by sociodemographic characteristics behavioral social drivers vaccination. From November 2021 to July 2022, 54,329 parents or guardians were interviewed. During 9-month period, proportion hesitant about increased 15.8 percentage points (24.8% 40.6%). Additionally, who reported 4.7 May 2022 but returned baseline 2022. Over nine months, parents' concerns infections declined; however, increasingly worried safety overall importance. Furthermore, was more prevalent among White (43.2%) versus Black (29.3%) Hispanic (26.9%) those residing rural (51.3%) compared urban (28.9%) areas. In contrast, higher (32.0%) (24.5%) (23.6%). Pediatric 2-6 times as non-hesitant. This positive correlation observed for all demographic psychosocial unadjusted adjusted ratios. Parent-provider interactions should increase confidence, shape norms, facilitate behavior change promote vaccination rates.

Language: Английский

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Telehealth Trials to Address Health Equity in Stroke Survivors

Stroke, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 54(2), P. 396 - 406

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Telehealth has seen rapid expansion into chronic care management in the past 3 years because of COVID-19 pandemic. for acute expanded access to equitable stroke many patients over two decades, but there is limited evidence its benefit addressing disparities living with stroke. In this review, we discuss advantages and disadvantages telehealth use outpatient survivors. Further, explore opportunities potential barriers outcomes related various social determinants health. We ongoing large randomized trials that are utilizing telemonitoring blood pressure diverse patient populations. Finally, strategies address populations adverse

Language: Английский

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From Patient Voices to Policy: Data Analytics Reveals Patterns in Ontario’s Hospital Feedback

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Patient satisfaction is a central measure of high-performing healthcare systems, yet real-world evaluations at scale remain challenging. In this study, we analyzed over 120,000 de-identified patient reviews from 45 Ontario hospitals between 2015 and 2022. We applied natural language processing (NLP), including named entity recognition (NER), to extract insights on hospital wards, health outcomes, medical conditions. also examined regional demographic data identify potential disparities emerging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings show that nearly 80% studied had fewer than 50% positive reviews, exposing systemic gaps in meeting needs. particular, negative decreased COVID-19, suggesting possible shifts expectations or increased appreciation for strained workers; however, certain units, such as intensive care cardiology, experienced ratings, reflecting pandemic related pressures critical services. ‘Anxiety’ emerged recurrent concern pointing growing awareness mental Furthermore, located regions with higher percentages visible minority low-income populations initially saw review rates before but trend reversed after 2020. Collectively, these results demonstrate how large-scale unstructured can fundamental drivers satisfaction, while underscoring urgent need adaptive strategies address anxiety combat inequalities. Author Summary Understanding what patients think feel about lead better services outcomes. more study combined techniques key concerns, anxiety, billing difficulties, interactions staff. compared experiences pandemic, uncovering drop rise though units—such care—faced pressure. A particularly revealing finding was numbers groups received feedback These patterns hint deeper issues, especially times crisis. By pinpointing main dissatisfaction, our work highlights prioritize kindness, clear communication, efficient operations, equitable access all. Lessons research could guide targeted improvements, ensuring every patient, regardless background income, receives compassionate timely they deserve. hope policymakers, administrators, community advocates will use shape policies improve trust well-being.

Language: Английский

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Addressing Food Insecurity Through Community Kitchens During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study from the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Urban Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 37 - 37

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

One of the most critical impacts COVID-19 pandemic was on food security. Food insecurity increased in many communities, with some showing signs resilience through autonomously creating community kitchens that enhanced security and built support networks. These initiatives filled gaps left by government programmes provided a lifeline for vulnerable communities during pandemic, fostering solidarity. This paper aims to investigate experiences perceptions kitchen managers addressing using town South Africa 2020–2022 as case study. Using arts-based participatory approaches, researchers interviewed 11 representing 10 four sessions between June November 2021. The results showed lack jobs were identified main threats, whereas not even threat all managers. Lacking from local government, these depended individuals community-based organisations backing. However, this decreased 2021 2022, raising concerns about sustainability efforts.

Language: Английский

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The Imperative for Universal Screening of Domestic Violence: Social determinants of health disparities during COVID-19 within New Jersey

Public Health in Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100597 - 100597

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

It is recognized that stressors encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic created an environment exacerbated DV. COVID disproportionately impacted at-risk populations, but it unclear if these social determinants of health disparities similarly impact incidence This study aimed to identify and highlight affected communities within state New Jersey (NJ) were by domestic violence (DV) pandemic. The design was retrospective cross-sectional. Public data from NJ Department Health, Law Safety, US Census compared. Community factors, DV incidence, rates analyzed using a t-test Spearman correlation. Incidence significantly correlated with varied populations based on socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity. median per county population increased 0.55 % in 2019 0.63 2020 (p = 0.03). However, not 0.25). Race ethnicity did correlate (White, p 0.06; Black, 0.11; 2+ races, 0.14; Hispanic, 0.55) except for Asian 0.01). Some factors (unemployment, 0.04; household income, 0.003); poverty 0.11). experienced surge cut across all racial ethnic backgrounds, contrast more unequal incidence. Findings importance screening times societal distress clinicians, researchers, policymakers.

Language: Английский

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