Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?

Current Nutrition Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 23 - 38

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Purpose of Review Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds concept UPF, strength evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise evidence on UPF obesity. Recent Findings Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between intake, weight gain, overweight/obesity, more clearly adults than children/adolescents. This supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding inconclusive. Summary Greater consumption has been key There need change obesogenic environment support individuals reduce their The novel approach that not explained with existing nutrient- food-based frameworks. Critical analysis methodologies provides confidence, future observational experimental research outputs greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which outlined.

Language: Английский

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Nutrients or processing? An analysis of food and drink items from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey based on nutrient content, the NOVA classification and front of package traffic light labelling

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(9), P. 1619 - 1632

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract UK front of package labelling (FOPL) informs consumers on the nutrient content food. However, FOPL does not consider food processing, and with government being urged to act ultra-processed (UPF), whether UPF should be added is unclear. This study compared drink in National Diet Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Intake24 database based FOPL, NOVA classification, understand are covered by dietary recommendations for foods high fat, salt sugar. NDNS items were coded into minimally processed (MPF), culinary ingredients, according classification traffic lights. contained greater energy, saturated fat (SF), total sugar (TS) than MPF. had a odds containing red an unhealthier overall score (OR:4·59 (95 % CI: 3·79, 5·57); OR:7·0 6·1, 8·2), respectively) lower green (OR:0·05 0·03, 0·10)), MPFs. For no still SF, TS several have healthier scores. nutritional profile MPF, higher energy density. Importantly, all unhealthy FOPL. These results indicate partial overlap between products, implications labelling.

Language: Английский

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Food consumption by degree of food processing and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46, P. 101043 - 101043

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Overlap between ultra-processed food and food that is high in fat, salt or sugar: analysis of 11 annual waves of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008/2009–2018/2019

BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. bmjnph - 001035

Published: March 28, 2025

While many countries use guidance and policies based on nutrients food groups to support citizens consume healthy diets, fewer have explicitly adopted the concept of ultra-processed foods (UPF). UPF consumption is associated with adverse health outcomes in cohort studies. In UK, a nutrient profiling model (NPM) used identify high fat, salt or sugar (HFSS) several target these. It not known how well NPM also captures UPF. We aimed quantify proportion drink items consumed UK that are HFSS, UPF, both neither describe making largest contributions each category. analysed data from National Diet Nutrition Survey, between 2008/2009 2018/2019, using descriptive statistics. three metrics consumption: all foods, percentage energy (reflecting different portion sizes densities) weight some UPFs few calories but large volumes). found 33.4% 47.4% 16.0% were HFSS; 36.2%, 59.8% 32.9%, respectively, UPFs; 20.1%, 35.1% 12.6% 50.5%, 27.9% 63.7% neither. total, 55.6% 58.7% 38.3% HFSS. The most common contributing HFSS low-calorie soft drinks white bread. at best just over half UK. Expanding include ingredients (eg, non-nutritive sweeteners, emulsifiers) would capture larger could incentivise ‘deformulation’ products.

Language: Английский

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Ultra-processed foods consumption and health-related outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 26, 2024

Introduction The increase in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake has raised concerns about its impact on public health. Prospective observational studies have reported significant associations between higher of UPFs and adverse health outcomes. aim this study is to determine whether these could be confirmed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We conducted a systematic review analyze the evidence effects A search was Medline, Embase, Web Science, Scopus, LILACS, CENTRAL up April 22, 2024. RCTs English, Spanish, Portuguese evaluating interventions modify were included. certainty determined using GRADE methodology. Results Three educational intervention one feeding trial included, effect reducing consumption (455 participants, median follow-up, 12 weeks). No observed 30 out 42 outcomes evaluated. adults with stable weight showed reduction energy intake, carbohydrates, fat (low evidence), as well body weight, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (moderate evidence). In studies, waist circumference evidence) women obesity, improvement some dimensions quality life (very low changes children adolescents while overweight pregnant women, not reduced, so benefits attributed other components intervention. Conclusion Interventions aimed at anthropometric dietary outcomes, although for most evaluated limited number methodological limitations prevent definitive conclusions. Further well-designed are needed understand UPF Systematic registration : https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023469984

Language: Английский

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Food Is Medicine: Diet Assessment Tools in Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 245 - 245

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Diet significantly impacts the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diet offers unique opportunities for treatment preventative purposes. However, despite growing interest, no has been conclusively associated with improved long-term clinical endoscopic outcomes in IBD, evidence-based dietary guidelines IBD remain scarce. This narrative review critically examines assessment methods tailored to needs highlighting precision inclusivity. We conducted a comprehensive literature using search terms related diet, assessment, nutrition, food, sex, gender, equity, IBD. The identified tools evaluated nutritional quality, patterns, food processing, lifestyle interactions, potential, effects specific nutrients. Advanced methods, including biomarkers, multi-omics approaches, digital tools, were highlighted as being complementary traditional offering enhanced real-time monitoring. Women under-represented research but face due hormonal cycles, pregnancy, higher malnutrition risks Traditional valuable are often limited by misreporting biases. approaches may provide greater precision, enabling monitoring personalised tracking. Incorporating considerations age, ethnicity, socioeconomic, sustainability enhances relevance applicability these methods. Addressing multifaceted aspects can facilitate robust interventional trials. essential developing interventions informing guidelines, improving health quality life

Language: Английский

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Micronutrients or processing? An analysis of food and drink items from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey based on micronutrient content, the Nova classification and front of package traffic light labelling

British Journal Of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 43

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Increased ultra-processed food (UPF) intake is associated with adverse health outcomes. However, limitations in UPF evidence, and partial overlap between UK front of package labelling (FOPL) degree processing, the value processing within dietary guidance unclear. This study compared drink from National Diet Nutrition Survey (NDNS) database based on micronutrient content, Nova classification FOPL. The aim was to examine contributions government recommendations for adult females males, aged 19-64 years, NDNS items were coded into minimally processed (MPF), culinary ingredients (PCI), (PF) UPF, FOPL traffic lights. MPF, PF provided similar average per 100g recommendations. Per 100kcal, MPF greatest contribution (14.4% [interquartile range (IQR):8.2-28.1]), followed by (7.7% [IQR:4.6-10.9], then (5.8% [IQR:3.1-9.7]). After adjusting healthy/unhealthy (presence 1+ red FOPL), had higher odds an above 100kcal than (odds ratio (OR): 5.9x (95%CI:4.9, 7.2)), (OR:3.2 (95%CI:2.4, 4.2)). MPFs more likely provide greater or 100kcal. These findings suggest that diets are less meet energy-matched diet. results important understanding how consumers perceive healthiness products

Language: Английский

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Consumption of ultraprocessed food and associated factors among Brazilian older adults: data from the 2019 National Health Survey

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Objective To assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and its association with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, health conditions in Brazilian Older Adults individuals. Methods Cross-sectional study data from 22,728 aged participants 2019 National Health Survey. A UPF score was estimated based on ten previous day, elevated defined as ≥5 UPF. Consumption evaluated according to variables (sex, age, color/race, education, region geographical area, living a partner), lifestyle (physical activity, television screen time, tobacco alcohol use), self-reported chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, depression), nutritional status. The assessed using crude adjusted logistic regression models, considering sample complexity weights. Results It observed that 7.1% had consumption. After adjustments, having an education level equal or greater than complete elementary South, Southeast, Central-West regions, urban areas, spending ≥3 hours/day watching increased chances consumption, while diabetes inversely associated Conclusion Elevated among higher levels, more developed regions centers, many hours front television, absence diagnosis. novel findings this nationally representative contribute dietary surveillance

Language: Английский

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Consumo de ultraprocessados e fatores associados entre pessoas idosas brasileiras: dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019

Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados (AUP) e sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos, estilo vida condições saúde em pessoas idosas brasileiras. Métodos Estudo transversal dados 22.728 participantes da Pesquisa Nacional Saúde 2019. Foi estimado um escore AUP, considerando dez no dia anterior, sendo considerado elevado quando ≥5 AUP. O foi avaliado segundo variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo, idade, cor/raça, escolaridade, região área geográfica, viver companheiro), (prática atividade física, tempo televisão tela, uso tabaco bebida alcoólica), doenças crônicas autorreferidas (diabetes, hipertensão depressão) estado nutricional. A avaliada por modelos regressão logística brutos ajustados a complexidade amostra os pesos amostrais. Resultados Observou-se que 7,1% das apresentaram Após ajustes, ter nível escolaridade maior ou igual ao ensino fundamental completo, nas regiões Sul, Sudeste Centro-oeste, áreas urbanas passar ≥3 horas/dia assistindo aumentam as chances enquanto diabetes inversamente associado Conclusão AUP entre maiores níveis consideradas mais desenvolvidas centros urbanos, muitas horas frente à ausência diagnóstico diabetes. Os achados inéditos deste estudo representatividade nacional contribuem para vigilância alimentar pessoa idosa brasileira.

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Ultra-processed foods and cardio-kidney-metabolic syndrome: A review of recent evidence

European Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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