Live black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae in feed for laying hens: effects on hen gut microbiota and behavior

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(3), P. 103429 - 103429

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

This study examined the effects of including live black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) larvae in diet laying hens on gut microbiota, and association between microbiota fearfulness. A total 40 Bovans White were individually housed fed one four dietary treatments that provided 0, 10, 20%, or ad libitum daily portions BSF for 12 weeks. Cecum was collected at end experiment sequenced. Behavioral fear responses to novel objects open field tests same compared against results from analyses. The showed bacteria genera Enterococcus, Parabacteroides, Ruminococcus torques group positively associated with increased portion larvae, while Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Subdoligranulum, Butyricicoccus negatively diet. Inclusion did not affect behavior, but relative abundance Lachnospiraceae CHKCI001 Erysipelatoclostridium fear-related behaviors. Further studies are needed determine whether change affects fearfulness long‐term.

Language: Английский

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Temperament in Early Childhood Is Associated With Gut Microbiota Composition and Diversity

Developmental Psychobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66(7)

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

ABSTRACT Temperament is a key predictor of human mental health and cognitive emotional development. Although fear behavior reportedly associated with gut microbiome in infancy, infant microbiota changes dramatically during the first 5 years, when diversity composition are established. This period crucial for development prefrontal cortex, which involved emotion regulation. Therefore, this study investigated relationship between temperament 284 preschool children aged 3–4 years. Child was assessed by maternal reports Children's Behavior Questionnaire. Gut (alpha/beta genera abundance) evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing stool samples. A low abundance anti‐inflammatory bacteria (e.g., Faecalibacterium ) high pro‐inflammatory Eggerthella , Flavonifractor were higher negative emotionality stress response (i.e., affectivity β = −0.17, p 0.004) lower positive reward‐seeking surgency/extraversion 0.15, 0.013). Additionally, speed initiation impulsivity specific aspect 0.16, 0.008). provides insight into biological mechanisms takes important steps toward identifying predictive markers psychological/emotional risk.

Language: Английский

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More than just a number: the gut microbiota and brain function across the extremes of life

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Understanding the interrelationship between gut microbiota and host physiology, although still in its relative infancy, has taken important steps forward over past decade. In context of brain disorders including those characterized by neurodevelopmental neurodegenerative changes there have been advances. However, initially research involved correlational analyses, had limited translational scope, lacked functional assessments. Thus, largescale longitudinal clinical investigations that assess causation underlying mechanisms via depth analysis methods are needed. neurodegeneration research, strong causal evidence now links microbiome to Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD), as supported human-to-animal transplantation studies. Longitudinal interventions being conducted AD, PD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis. Neurodevelopmental also seen a boon microbiome-related autism, Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, which is confirming prior animal model work regarding key time-windows for infant cognition. While recent advances represent progress, fundamental knowledge gaps obstacles remain. Knowing how why at extremes life will develop our mechanistic understanding help build base we strive toward counteracting microbial missteps with precision therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota and metabolite composition associates with stool consistency in young children

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 9, 2024

ABSTRACT Stool consistency explains a large proportion of inter-individual variation in gut microbiota and represents useful measure transit time, which is pivotal for bacterial metabolism vice versa . However, infants small children, detailed understanding how the metabolome associate with stool lacking. We analyzed both 2.5 (n=360), 6 (n=229), 14 (n=274), 30-month-old children (n=169) from FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study using 16s rRNA sequencing mass spectrometry-based targeted techniques. used water content parent-reported as proxies consistency. found that community composition well relative abundance specific genera such Clostridium , Hungatella Lactobacillus were associated Of metabolites, lower concentrations conjugated bile acids acetic acid having constipation content. Branched short-chain fatty negatively The findings reflect shift saccharolytic to proteolytic gut. Parental crude reports agreed objective child consistency, similar features metabolome. Overall, our support concept total metabolic activity young children.

Language: Английский

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Postnatal nighttime light exposure and infant temperament at age 12 months: mediating role of genus Akkermansia

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(7), P. 2413 - 2425

Published: April 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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