European Journal of Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(4), P. 355 - 365
Published: Dec. 31, 2024
Bioorthogonal
chemistry
has
emerged
as
a
pivotal
field
in
molecular
science,
offering
transformative
tools
for
applications
drug
discovery,
imaging,
and
biology.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
of
recent
advancements
bioorthogonal
chemistry,
emphasizing
key
innovations,
practical
applications,
future
research
directions.
We
explore
state-of-the-art
reactions,
including
Staudinger
ligation,
strain-promoted
azide-alkyne
cycloaddition
(SPAAC),
tetrazine
detailing
their
mechanisms,
advantages,
limitations.
The
highlights
significant
innovations
such
novel
fluorogenic
probes,
improved
catalysts,
enhanced
reaction
conditions
that
have
expanded
the
utility
efficiency
these
reactions.
Practical
are
examined,
showing
how
advances
revolutionized
fields
like
live-cell
targeted
delivery,
labeling.
Looking
to
future,
we
discuss
emerging
trends
potential
avenues,
integration
with
other
advanced
technologies
development
new
methodologies.
detailed
overview
current
state
outlines
its
potential,
serving
valuable
resource
researchers
practitioners
field.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2024
Abstract
N-
glycosylation
is
an
abundant
post-translational
modification
of
most
cell-surface
proteins.
glycans
play
a
crucial
role
in
cellular
functions
like
protein
folding,
localization,
cell–cell
signaling,
and
immune
detection.
As
different
tissue
types
display
glycan
profiles,
changes
compositions
occur
tissue-specific
ways
with
development
disease,
cancer.
However,
no
comparative
atlas
resource
exists
for
documenting
glycome
alterations
across
various
human
types,
particularly
comparing
normal
cancerous
tissues.
In
order
to
study
broad
range
N
-glycomes,
-glycan
targeted
MALDI
imaging
mass
spectrometry
was
applied
custom
formalin-fixed
paraffin-embedded
microarrays.
These
encompassed
fifteen
including
bladder,
breast,
cervix,
colon,
esophagus,
gastric,
kidney,
liver,
lung,
pancreas,
prostate,
sarcoma,
skin,
thyroid,
uterus.
Each
array
contained
both
tumor
cores
from
the
same
pathology
block,
selected
by
pathologist,
allowing
more
in-depth
comparisons
differences
between
types.
Using
established
MALDI-IMS
workflows
existing
databases,
present
each
core
were
spatially
profiled
peak
intensity
data
compiled
analyses.
Further
structural
information
determined
fucosylation
using
endoglycosidase
F3,
differentiation
sialic
acid
linkages
through
stabilization
chemistry.
Glycan
compared
oligomannose
levels,
branching
complexity,
presence
bisecting
acetylglucosamine,
fucosylation,
sialylation.
Collectively,
our
research
identified
that
significantly
increased
and/or
decreased
relative
abundance
cancer
type.
This
offers
valuable
on
wide
scale
tissues,
serving
as
reference
future
studies
potential
diagnostic
applications
MALDI-IMS.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
The
intricate
interactions
between
the
host
immune
system
and
its
microbiome
constituents
undergo
dynamic
shifts
in
response
to
perturbations
intestinal
tissue
environment.
Our
ability
study
these
events
on
systems
level
is
significantly
limited
by
situ
approaches
capable
of
generating
simultaneous
insights
from
both
microbial
communities.
Here,
we
introduce
Microbiome
Cartography
(MicroCart),
a
framework
for
probing
across
multiple
spatial
modalities.
We
demonstrate
MicroCart
investigating
gut
changes
murine
colitis
model,
using
proteomics,
transcriptomics,
glycomics.
findings
reveal
global
but
systematic
transformation
responses,
encompassing
tissue-level
remodeling
epithelial
cell
state
perturbations,
bacterial
population
shifts,
localized
inflammatory
metabolic
process
alterations
during
colitis.
enables
deep
investigation
interplay
with
multi-omics.
Journal of Proteome Research,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(11), P. 3401 - 3417
Published: Oct. 25, 2023
Imaging
mass
spectrometry
is
a
well-established
technology
that
can
easily
and
succinctly
communicate
the
spatial
localization
of
molecules
within
samples.
This
review
communicates
recent
advances
in
field,
with
specific
focus
on
matrix-assisted
laser
desorption/ionization
(MALDI)
imaging
(IMS)
applied
tissues.
The
general
sample
preparation
strategies
for
different
analyte
classes
are
explored,
including
special
considerations
types
(fresh
frozen
or
formalin-fixed,)
various
analytes
(lipids,
metabolites,
proteins,
peptides,
glycans)
how
multimodal
leverage
strengths
each
approach
mentioned.
work
explores
appropriate
experimental
design
approaches
standardization
processes
needed
successful
studies,
as
well
data
analysis
platforms
available
to
analyze
their
strengths.
concludes
applications
fields,
medical
research,
some
examples
from
plant
biology
microbe
metabolism
mentioned,
illustrate
breadth
depth
MALDI
IMS.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 11, 2024
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
stands
as
a
leading
cause
of
death
worldwide,
often
arising
from
specific
genetic
mutations,
progressing
pre-cancerous
adenomas
to
adenocarcinomas.
Early
detection
through
regular
screening
can
result
in
90%
5-year
survival
rate
for
patients.
However,
unfortunately,
only
fraction
CRC
cases
are
identified
at
pre-invasive
stages,
allowing
progression
occur
silently
over
10-15
years.
The
intricate
interplay
between
the
immune
system
and
tumor
cells
within
microenvironment
plays
pivotal
role
CRC.
Immune
cell
clusters
either
inhibit
or
facilitate
initiation,
growth,
metastasis.
To
gain
better
understanding
this
relationship,
we
conducted
N-glycomic
profiling
using
matrix-assisted
laser
desorption-ionization
mass
spectrometry
imaging
(MALDI-MSI).
We
detected
nearly
100
N-glycan
species
across
all
samples,
revealing
shift
N-glycome
profiles
normal
cancerous
tissues,
marked
by
decrease
high
mannose
N-glycans.
Further
analysis
precancerous
invasive
carcinomas
showed
an
increase
pauci-mannose
biantennary,
tetraantennary
N-glycans
with
disease
progression.
Moreover,
distinct
stratification
profile
was
observed
non-mucinous
mucinous
driven
pauci-mannose,
mannose,
bisecting
Notably,
CD20
JACS Au,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
4(2), P. 384 - 401
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Besides
proteins
and
nucleic
acids,
carbohydrates
are
also
ubiquitous
building
blocks
of
living
systems.
Approximately
70%
mammalian
glycosylated.
Glycans
not
only
provide
structural
support
for
systems
but
act
as
crucial
regulators
cellular
functions.
As
a
result,
they
considered
essential
pieces
the
life
science
puzzle.
However,
research
on
glycans
has
lagged
far
behind
that
acids.
The
main
reason
is
direct
products
gene
coding,
their
synthesis
nontemplated.
In
addition,
diversity
monosaccharide
species
linkage
patterns
contribute
to
complexity
glycan
structures,
which
molecular
basis
diverse
Research
in
glycobiology
extremely
challenging,
especially
situ
elucidation
structures
There
an
urgent
need
develop
highly
specific
labeling
tools
imaging
methods
devise
editing
strategies.
This
Perspective
focuses
challenges
analysis
at
three
spatial
levels
(i.e.,
cell,
tissue,
vivo)
highlights
recent
advances
directions
labeling,
imaging,
tools.
We
believe
examining
current
development
landscape
existing
bottlenecks
can
drive
evolution
intervention
strategies
glycan-based
insights
clinical
diagnosis
therapeutics.
Analytical Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
96(28), P. 11163 - 11171
Published: July 2, 2024
Glycans
on
proteins
and
lipids
play
important
roles
in
maturation
cellular
interactions,
contributing
to
a
variety
of
biological
processes.
Aberrant
glycosylation
has
been
associated
with
various
human
diseases
including
cancer;
however,
elucidating
the
distribution
heterogeneity
glycans
complex
tissue
samples
remains
major
challenge.
Matrix-assisted
laser
desorption/ionization
(MALDI)
mass
spectrometry
imaging
(MSI)
is
routinely
used
analyze
spatial
molecules
N-glycans
directly
from
surfaces.
Sialic
acids
are
nine
carbon
acidic
sugars
that
often
exist
as
terminal
inherently
difficult
using
MALDI-MSI
due
their
instability
prone
in-
postsource
decay.
Here,
we
report
rapid
robust
method
for
stabilizing
sialic
acid
FFPE
sections.
The
established
derivatizes
identifies
α2,3-
α2,6-linked
through
complete
methylamidation
methylamine
PyAOP
((7-azabenzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium
hexafluorophosphate).
Our
situ
approach
increases
detected
enhances
coverage
sialylated
species.
Using
this
streamlined,
sensitive,
workflow,
rapidly
characterize
spatially
localize
tumor
Additionally,
demonstrate
method's
applicability
mammalian
cell
suspensions
slides,
achieving
resolution
minimal
sample
processing
numbers.
This
workflow
reveals
locations
distinct
N-glycan
species,
shedding
light
clinical
significance
these
biomolecules
diseases.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
34(11), P. 2481 - 2490
Published: Oct. 2, 2023
N-linked
glycans
are
complex
biomolecules
vital
to
cellular
functions
that
have
been
linked
a
wide
range
of
pathological
conditions.
Mass
spectrometry
imaging
(MSI)
has
used
study
the
localization
in
cells
and
tissues.
However,
their
structural
diversity
presents
challenge
for
MSI
techniques,
which
stimulates
development
new
approaches.
In
this
study,
we
demonstrate
first
time
spatial
mapping
biological
tissues
using
nanospray
desorption
electrospray
ionization
mass
(nano-DESI
MSI).
Nano-DESI
is
an
ambient
technique
previously
metabolites,
lipids,
proteins
tissue
samples
without
special
sample
pretreatment.
released
from
glycoproteins
established
enzymatic
digestion
with
peptide
N-glycosidase
F,
examined
nano-DESI
MSI.
We
formalin-fixed
paraffin-embedded
human
hepatocellular
carcinoma
prostate
both
positive
negative
modes.
examine
38
consisting
high
mannose,
hybrid
fucosylated,
sialyated
glycans.
mode
well-suited
underivatized
sialylated
On-tissue
MS/MS
different
adducts
proves
advantageous
elucidation
glycan
sequence.
This
demonstrates
applicability
liquid
extraction
techniques
samples,
providing
additional
tool
glycobiology
research.
