A Review of Exosomal Isolation Methods: Is Size Exclusion Chromatography the Best Option?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(18), P. 6466 - 6466

Published: Sept. 4, 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous secreted by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells play a vital role in intercellular communication. EVs classified into several subtypes based on their origin, physical characteristics, biomolecular makeup. Exosomes, subtype of EVs, released the fusion multivesicular bodies (MVB) with plasma membrane cell. Several methods have been described literature to isolate exosomes from biofluids including blood, urine, milk, cell culture media, among others. While differential ultracentrifugation (dUC) has widely used exosomes, other techniques ultrafiltration, precipitating agents such as poly-ethylene glycol (PEG), immunoaffinity capture, microfluidics, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) emerged credible alternatives pros cons associated each. In this review, we provide summary commonly exosomal isolation focus SEC an ideal methodology. We evaluate efficacy array biological fluids, particular its application adipose tissue-derived exosomes. argue that isolated via relatively pure functional, methodology is reproducible, scalable, inexpensive, does not require specialized equipment or user expertise. However, it must be noted while good candidate method direct comparative studies required support conclusion.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes as a new frontier of cancer liquid biopsy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2022

Abstract Liquid biopsy, characterized by minimally invasive detection through biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine, has emerged a revolutionary strategy for cancer diagnosis prognosis prediction. Exosomes are subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that shuttle molecular cargoes from donor cells to recipient play crucial role in mediating intercellular communication. Increasing studies suggest exosomes have great promise serve novel biomarkers liquid since large quantities enriched body fluids involved numerous physiological pathological processes. However, the further clinical application been greatly restrained lack high-quality separation component analysis methods. This review aims provide comprehensive overview on conventional technologies exosome isolation, characterization content detection. Additionally, roles serving potential biopsy diagnosis, treatment monitoring, prediction summarized. Finally, prospects challenges applying exosome-based precision medicine evaluated.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles: A bright star of nanomedicine

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 269, P. 120467 - 120467

Published: Nov. 6, 2020

Language: Английский

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Metal–Organic Framework-Functionalized Paper-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Ultrasensitive Exosome Assay

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 93(34), P. 11792 - 11799

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

The exosome has emerged as a promising noninvasive biomarker for the early diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop simple, inexpensive, and user-friendly biosensors convenient, sensitive, quantitative assay. Herein, we developed simple cost-efficient electrochemical biosensor by combining metal-organic framework (MOF)-functionalized paper screen-printed electrode (SPE) portable, ultrasensitive, determination cancer-derived exosomes. In principle, relied on recognition Zr-MOFs aptamer initiate hybridization chain reaction (HCR) formation DNAzyme signal amplification. Benefiting from high amplification ability HCR, label-free paper-based capable ultrasensitive assay with detection limit down 5 × 103 particles/mL, which superior that most reported methods. Moreover, proposed possessed advantages low cost, operation, sensitivity, making affordable deliverable point-of-care (POC) in resource-limited settings.

Language: Английский

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Gold Nanozymes: From Concept to Biomedical Applications

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 27, 2020

Abstract In recent years, gold nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent enzyme-mimicking activities which resemble those of peroxidase, oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase or reductase. This, merged with their ease synthesis, tunability, biocompatibility and low cost, makes them candidates when compared biological enzymes for applications in biomedicine biochemical analyses. Herein, over 200 research papers been systematically reviewed to present the progress on fundamentals nanozymes potential applications. The review reveals that morphology surface chemistry play an important role catalytic properties, as well external parameters such pH temperature. Yet, real often require specific biorecognition elements be immobilized onto nanozymes, leading unexpected positive negative effects activity. Thus, rational design efficient remains a challenge paramount importance. Different implementation paths already explored, including application peroxidase-like development clinical diagnostics regulation oxidative stress within cells via catalase activities. also indicates it is essential understand how may boost inhibit each these activities, more than one could coexist. Likewise, further toxicity studies are required ensure applicability vivo. Current challenges future prospects discussed this review, whose significance can anticipated diverse range fields beyond biomedicine, food safety, environmental analyses chemical industry.

Language: Английский

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Superparamagnetic nanoarchitectures for disease-specific biomarker detection

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 48(24), P. 5717 - 5751

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Synthesis, bio-functionalization, and multifunctional activities of superparamagnetic-nanostructures have been extensively reviewed with a particular emphasis on their uses in range disease-specific biomarker detection associated challenges.

Language: Английский

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Precise Capture and Direct Quantification of Tumor Exosomes via a Highly Efficient Dual-Aptamer Recognition-Assisted Ratiometric Immobilization-Free Electrochemical Strategy

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 1709 - 1716

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

Tumor exosomes are promising biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis in a noninvasive manner. However, precise capture and direct analysis of tumor-specific complex biological samples still challenging. Herein, we present highly efficient dual-aptamer recognition system precisely isolating quantifying tumor from the environment based on hyperbranched DNA superstructure-facilitated signal amplification ratiometric dual-signal strategies. When were captured by system, cholesterol-modified probe was anchored surface exosomes, activating tetrahedron-based hybridization chain reaction to generate sandwich complex. Then, could bind large number Ru(NH3)63+ (Ru(III)), leading small amount unbound Ru(III) left supernatant after magnetic separation. Hence, redox between Ru(II) [Fe(CN)6]3– (Fe(III)) significantly prevented, causing an obviously enhanced IFe(III)/IRu(III) value. Consequently, sensitive detection achieved. The developed approach successfully realized isolation sample media human serum as well. More significantly, this mode immobilization-free strategy effectively circumvented systematic errors caused external factors tedious immobilization processes, thus displaying excellent performances high reliability, improved accuracy, easy manipulation. Overall, is expected offer novel ways nondestructive diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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Homogeneous, Low‐volume, Efficient, and Sensitive Quantitation of Circulating Exosomal PD‐L1 for Cancer Diagnosis and Immunotherapy Response Prediction

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 59(12), P. 4800 - 4805

Published: Jan. 8, 2020

Abstract Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its efficacy is severely hindered by the lack of effective predictors. Herein, we developed a homogeneous, low‐volume, efficient, and sensitive exosomal programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1, type transmembrane protein) quantitation method for diagnosis immunotherapy response prediction (HOLMES‐Exo PD‐L1 ). The combines newly evolved aptamer that efficiently binds to with less hindrance antigen glycosylation than antibody, homogeneous thermophoresis rapid binding kinetic. As result, HOLMES‐Exo higher in sensitivity, more reaction time, easier operate existing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)‐based methods. consequence an outstanding improvement level circulating detected can effectively distinguish patients from healthy volunteers, first time was found correlate positively metastasis adenocarcinoma. Overall, brings fresh approach quantitation, offering unprecedented potential early prediction.

Language: Английский

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Nanozyme-Enabled Analytical Chemistry

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 94(1), P. 312 - 323

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTNanozyme-Enabled Analytical ChemistrySirong LiSirong LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing National Laboratory Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Artificial Functional Materials, University, Nanjing, 210023, ChinaMore by Sirong LiView Biography, Yihong ZhangYihong ZhangState Chemistry for Life Science, School Chemical Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), ZhangView Quan WangQuan WangDepartment WangView Anqi LinAnqi LinDepartment LinView Hui Wei*Hui WeiDepartment ChinaState China*E-mail: [email protected]More WeiView Biographyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0870-7142Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 1, 312–323Publication Date (Web):December 6, 2021Publication History Published online6 December 2021Published inissue 11 January 2022https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04492https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04492review-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2021 American SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views8121Altmetric-Citations65LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF HTML) across all institutions individuals. These metrics regularly updated to reflect usage leading up last few days.Citations number other articles citing this article, calculated Crossref daily. Find more information about citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure attention that research has received online. Clicking on donut icon will load page at altmetric.com with additional details score social media presence given article. how calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation abstractCitation referencesMore Options onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting SUBJECTS:Carbohydrates,Chemical specificity,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,Metal organic frameworks,Peptides proteins Get e-Alerts

Language: Английский

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Highly sensitive and stable self-powered biosensing for exosomes based on dual metal-organic frameworks nanocarriers

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 112907 - 112907

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

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