Crystal Growth & Design,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
22(12), P. 7578 - 7589
Published: Nov. 22, 2022
Higher
cocrystal
synthesis
depends
on
precise
strategic
approaches.
A
total
of
32
stoichiometric
ternary
and
quaternary
cocrystals
based
resorcinol
derivatives
were
achieved
using
structural
inequivalence
shape–size
mimicry
approaches
are
reported
here.
Along
with
28
binary
precursors
that
also
obtained,
these
60
serve
to
generalize
synthetic
strategies
toward
ends.
number
large
synthon
Aufbau
modules
(LSAMs)
designed
depending
the
substitution
pattern
in
resorcinol.
The
LSAMs
from
5-substituted
found
be
useful
designing
higher
cocrystals.
construction
a
without
"special"
compound
2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine
has
been
finally
secured.
ChemistrySelect,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(17)
Published: April 30, 2024
Abstract
The
current
investigation
describes
the
synthesis
of
four
novel
methylene
blue
(MB)
salts
benzene
sulfonate
derivatives,
featuring
bulky
anionic
groups.
process
involves
treating
chloride
salt
MB
with
sodium
4‐aminobenzene
sulfonate,
4‐styrenebenzene
3,7‐naphthalene
disulfonate,
and
anthraquinone‐1,5‐naphthalene
disulfonate
to
substitute
ion
benzoate
anion
in
MB‐chloride.
includes
quaternizing
MB‐chloride
corresponding
minimal
aqueous
solvent
promote
precipitation.
resultant
precipitates
were
subsequently
dissolved
an
appropriate
enable
crystallization
ultimate
product.
dissolution
occurs
either
at
ambient
temperature
or
heat.
crystals
characterized
using
various
analytical
techniques
like
UV‐visible,
FT‐IR
spectroscopy,
TGA,
single
crystal
X‐ray
diffraction
powder
analysis.
UV‐visible
spectroscopic
results,
frontier
molecular
orbital,
density
states,
electrostatic
potentials,
HOMO‐LUMO
energy
gaps
estimated
by
DFT.
Structural
analysis
revealed
that
supramolecular
structure
compounds
achieved
stabilization
through
interactions,
a
diverse
range
both
conventional
non‐conventional
hydrogen
bonds,
π–π
stacking
other
short‐range
interactions.
delves
into
intricate
details
offers
thorough
discussion
fundamental
principles
contribute
formation
structures.
IUCrJ,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(3), P. 329 - 340
Published: March 27, 2023
Hesperetin
(HES)
is
a
weakly
acidic
flavonoid
of
topical
interest
owing
to
its
antiviral
properties.
Despite
the
presence
HES
in
many
dietary
supplements,
bioavailability
hindered
by
poor
aqueous
solubility
(1.35
µg
ml
−1
)
and
rapid
first-pass
metabolism.
Cocrystallization
has
evolved
as
promising
approach
generate
novel
crystal
forms
biologically
active
compounds
enhance
physicochemical
properties
without
covalent
modification.
In
this
work,
engineering
principles
were
employed
prepare
characterize
various
HES.
Specifically,
two
salts
six
new
ionic
cocrystals
(ICCs)
involving
sodium
or
potassium
studied
using
single-crystal
X-ray
diffraction
(SCXRD)
powder
thermal
measurements.
Structures
seven
crystalline
elucidated
SCXRD,
which
revealed
families
isostructural
ICCs
terms
their
packing
confirmed
phenol...phenolate
(PhOH...PhO
−
supramolecular
heterosynthons.
Diverse
conformations
observed
amongst
these
structures,
including
unfolded
folded
(previously
unreported)
conformations.
One
ICC,
with
salt
(NESNAH),
was
scalable
gram
scale
found
be
stable
after
accelerated
stability
testing
(exposure
elevated
heat
humidity).
HESNAH
reached
C
max
10
min
PBS
buffer
6.8
compared
240
pure
addition,
relative
5.5
times
greater,
offering
possibility
improved
bioavailability.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(11), P. 2321 - 2321
Published: Oct. 28, 2022
Crystal
engineering
of
multi-component
molecular
crystals,
cocrystals,
is
a
subject
growing
interest,
thanks
in
part
to
the
potential
utility
pharmaceutical
cocrystals
as
drug
substances
with
improved
properties.
Whereas
(MCCs)
are
quite
well
studied
from
design
perspective,
ionic
(ICCs)
remain
relatively
underexplored
despite
there
being
several
recently
FDA-approved
products
based
upon
ICCs.
Successful
cocrystal
strategies
typically
depend
on
strong
and
directional
noncovalent
interactions
between
coformers,
exemplified
by
hydrogen
bonds.
Understanding
hierarchy
such
key
successful
outcomes
design.
We
herein
address
crystal
ICCs
comprising
azole
functional
groups,
particularly
imidazoles
triazoles,
which
commonly
encountered
biologically
active
molecules.
Specifically,
azoles
were
for
their
propensity
serve
coformers
organic
(trifluoroacetic
acid
p-toluenesulfonic
acid)
inorganic
(hydrochloric
acid,
hydrobromic
nitric
acids
gain
insight
into
NH+···N
(azolium-azole)
supramolecular
heterosynthons.
Accordingly,
we
combined
data
mining
Cambridge
Structural
Database
(CSD)
structural
characterization
16
new
(11
imidazoles,
4
one
imidazole-triazole).
Analysis
66
relevant
hits
archived
CSD
revealed
that
synthons
identical
rings
(A+B-A)
much
more
encountered,
71,
than
different
(A+B-C),
11.
The
average
distance
found
reported
2.697(3)
Å
binding
energy
calculations
suggested
bond
strengths
range
31-46
kJ
mol-1.
azolium-triazole
ICC
(A+B-C)
was
obtained
via
mechanochemistry
differed
other
no
bonding.
That
CNC
angles
1,2,4-triazoles
sensitive
protonation,
cationic
forms
having
larger
(approximately
4.4
degrees)
values
comparable
neutral
rings,
used
parameter
distinguish
protonated
rings.
Our
results
indicate
azolium-azole
heterosynthons
viable
targets,
has
implications
development
Crystal Growth & Design,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
22(11), P. 6390 - 6397
Published: Oct. 4, 2022
We
report
the
existence
of
conformational
polymorphism
in
an
ionic
cocrystal
(ICC)
nutraceutical
compound
hesperetin
(HES)
which
its
tetraethylammonium
(TEA+)
salt
serves
as
a
coformer.
Three
polymorphs,
HESTEA-α,
HESTEA-β
and
HESTEA-γ,
were
characterized
by
single-crystal
X-ray
diffraction
(SCXRD).
Each
polymorph
was
found
to
be
sustained
phenol···phenolate
supramolecular
heterosynthons
that
self-assemble
with
phenol···phenol
homosynthons
into
C32(7)
H-bonded
motifs.
Conformational
variability
HES
moieties
different
relative
orientations
motifs
resulted
distinct
crystal
packing
patterns:
HESTEA-α
exhibit
sheets;
HESTEA-γ
is
bilayers
tapes.
All
three
polymorphs
stable
upon
exposure
humidity
under
accelerated
stability
conditions
for
2
weeks.
Under
competitive
slurry
conditions,
observed
transform
β
or
γ
forms.
Solvent
selection
impacted
relationship
between
(favored
EtOH)
MeOH).
A
mixture
forms
present
following
H2O
slurry.
ChemistrySelect,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(37)
Published: Oct. 6, 2022
Abstract
Crystal
engineering
provides
a
unique
approach
to
modulating
the
physicochemical
properties
of
forming
active
drug
molecules
so
nowadays
pharmaceutical
companies
and
researchers
have
shown
interest
in
designing
building
cocrystals.
Creating
new
crystalline
solid
structures
with
altered
such
as
solubility,
bioavailability,
tabletability,
melting
point,
stability,
on.
The
intermolecular
interactions
crystal
lattice
are
used
investigate
these
properties.
Numbers
methods
for
crystallizing
summarised
analyzed,
pointing
advantages
disadvantages
that
been
highlighted
literature.
This
literature
review
discusses
detail
different
types
cocrystals,
their
mechanisms,
applications
characterization.
main
purpose
this
article
is
look
at
what
has
changed
field
last
ten
years
show
could
be
learned
from
better
research
on
cocrystal
formation
how
it
can
used.