Organ-on-a-chip platforms for accelerating the evaluation of nanomedicine

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 1012 - 1027

Published: Oct. 12, 2020

Nanomedicine involves the use of engineered nanoscale materials in an extensive range diagnostic and therapeutic applications can be applied to treatment many diseases. Despite rapid progress tremendous potential nanomedicine past decades, clinical translational process is still quite slow, owing difficulty understanding, evaluating, predicting nanomaterial behaviors within complex environment human beings. Microfluidics-based organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) techniques offer a promising way resolve these challenges. Sophisticatedly designed Organ Chip enable vitro simulation vivo microenvironments, thus providing robust platforms for evaluating nanomedicine. Herein, we review recent developments achievements models evaluations, categorized into seven broad sections based on target organ systems: respiratory, digestive, lymphatic, excretory, nervous, vascular, as well coverage relating cancer. We conclude by our perspectives challenges future directions

Language: Английский

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Biomaterials for Bioprinting Microvasculature

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(19), P. 10887 - 10949

Published: Sept. 1, 2020

Microvasculature functions at the tissue and cell level, regulating local mass exchange of oxygen nutrient-rich blood. While there has been considerable success in biofabrication large- small-vessel replacements, functional microvasculature particularly challenging to engineer due its size complexity. Recently, three-dimensional bioprinting expanded possibilities fabricating sophisticated microvascular systems by enabling precise spatiotemporal placement cells biomaterials based on computer-aided design. However, are still significant challenges facing development printable that promote robust formation controlled 3D organization networks. This review provides a thorough examination critical evaluation contemporary their specific roles microvasculature. We first provide an overview methods techniques enable fabrication microvessels. then offer in-depth analysis use hydrogel bioinks for printing microvascularized constructs within framework current modalities. end with recent applications bioprinted disease modeling, drug testing, engineering, conclude outlook evolution design physiological

Language: Английский

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Microphysiological systems for ADME-related applications: current status and recommendations for system development and characterization

Lab on a Chip, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 446 - 467

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

Potential applications of MPS in the ADME discipline.

Language: Английский

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Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Hepatic Cells: Hepatocytes and Organoids for Liver Therapy and Regeneration

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 420 - 420

Published: Feb. 12, 2020

The liver is a very complex organ that ensures numerous functions; it thus susceptible to multiple types of damage and dysfunction. Since 1983, orthotopic transplantation (OLT) has been considered the only medical solution available patients when most their function lost. Unfortunately, number waiting for OLT worryingly increasing, extracorporeal support devices are not yet able counteract problem. In this review, current expected methodologies in regeneration briefly analyzed. particular, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as source hepatic therapy discussed. Principles hPSC differentiation into hepatocytes explored, along with limitations have led development 3D culture systems organoid production. Expected applications these organoids discussed particular attention paid bio artificial (BAL) bio-fabrication.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity testing is evolving!

Toxicology Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 67 - 80

Published: March 3, 2020

The efficient management of the continuously increasing number chemical substances used in today's society is assuming greater importance than ever before. Toxicity testing plays a key role regulatory decisions agencies and governments that aim to protect public environment from potentially harmful or adverse effects these multitudinous chemicals. Therefore, there critical need for reliable toxicity-testing methods identify, assess interpret hazardous properties any substance. Traditionally, approaches have been based on studies experimental animals. However, last 20 years, has concern regarding sustainability methodologies. This created real development new approach methodologies (NAMs) satisfy requirements are acceptable affordable society. Numerous initiatives launched worldwide attempts address this need. although science support now available, legislation pace NAMs acceptance lagging behind. review will consider some various Europe identify replace refine current pharmaceuticals. paper also presents novel systematic desired 21st century deserves.

Language: Английский

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