Paired electrolysis enabled annulation for the quinolyl-modification of bioactive molecules DOI Creative Commons
Shiqi You,

Mengyao Ruan,

Cuifen Lu

et al.

Chemical Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 2310 - 2316

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

A paired electrolysis enabled cascade annulation that enables the efficient synthesis of highly functionalized quinoline-substituted bioactive molecules from readily available starting materials is reported. Using this methodology, two goals, namely, direct quinolines and introduction quinoline moieties to molecules, can be simultaneously achieved in one simple operation. The use electroreduction for activation isatin, together with further anodic oxidation KI catalytically result a annulation, highlight unique possibilities associated electrochemical methods. This transformation tolerate wide range functional groups also used as functionalization tactic pharmaceutical research well other areas.

Language: Английский

Is enzyme immobilization a mature discipline? Some critical considerations to capitalize on the benefits of immobilization DOI Creative Commons
Juan M. Bolívar, John M. Woodley, Roberto Fernandéz‐Lafuente

et al.

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(15), P. 6251 - 6290

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Enzyme immobilization has been developing since the 1960s and although many industrial biocatalytic processes use technology to improve enzyme performance, still today we are far from full exploitation of field. One clear reason is that evaluate based on only a few experiments not always well-designed. In contrast other reviews subject, here highlight pitfalls using incorrectly designed protocols explain why in cases sub-optimal results obtained. We also describe solutions overcome these challenges come conclusion recent developments material science, bioprocess engineering protein science continue open new opportunities for future. this way, immobilization, being mature discipline, remains as subject high interest where intense research necessary take advantage possibilities.

Language: Английский

Citations

363

Chitosan and chito-oligosaccharide: a versatile biopolymer with endless grafting possibilities for multifarious applications DOI Creative Commons
Popat Mohite, Sunny Shah, Sudarshan Singh

et al.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 19, 2023

Chito-oligosaccharides (COS), derived from chitosan (CH), are attracting increasing attention as drug delivery carriers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mucoadhesive properties. Grafting, the process of chemically modifying CH/COS by adding side chains, has been used improve performance enhancing stability, targeted delivery, controlled release. In this review, we aim provide an in-depth study on recent advances in grafting for multifarious applications. Moreover, various strategies techniques grafting, including chemical modification, enzymatic physical elaborated. The properties grafted CH/COS, such solubility, were reported. Additionally, review detailed applications small molecule, proteins, RNA interference therapeutics. Furthermore, effectiveness improving pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics drugs was included. Finally, challenges limitations associated with use outline directions future research addressed. insights provided will be valuable researchers development professionals interested application

Language: Английский

Citations

46

Noncanonical Amino Acids in Biocatalysis DOI Creative Commons
Zachary Birch-Price, Florence J. Hardy,

Thomas M. Lister

et al.

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(14), P. 8740 - 8786

Published: July 3, 2024

In recent years, powerful genetic code reprogramming methods have emerged that allow new functional components to be embedded into proteins as noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) side chains. this review, we will illustrate how the availability of an expanded set building blocks has opened a wealth opportunities in enzymology and biocatalysis research. Genetic provided insights enzyme mechanisms by allowing introduction spectroscopic probes targeted replacement individual atoms or groups. NcAAs also been used develop engineered biocatalysts with improved activity, selectivity, stability, well enzymes artificial regulatory elements are responsive external stimuli. Perhaps most ambitiously, combination laboratory evolution given rise classes use ncAAs key catalytic elements. With framework for developing ncAA-containing now firmly established, optimistic become progressively more tool armory designers engineers coming years.

Language: Английский

Citations

24

Red Light–Blue Light Chromoselective C(sp2)–X Bond Activation by Organic Helicenium-Based Photocatalysis DOI
Md Mubarak Hossain, Aslam C. Shaikh,

Ramandeep Kaur

et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146(12), P. 7922 - 7930

Published: March 18, 2024

Chromoselective bond activation has been achieved in organic helicenium (nPr-DMQA+)-based photoredox catalysis. Consequently, control over chromoselective C(sp2)–X multihalogenated aromatics demonstrated. nPr-DMQA+ can only initiate the halogen atom transfer (XAT) pathway under red light irradiation to activate low-energy-accessible C(sp2)–I bonds. In contrast, blue initiates consecutive photoinduced electron (conPET) more challenging C(sp2)–Br Comparative reaction outcomes have demonstrated α-arylation of cyclic ketones with and lights. Furthermore, red-light-mediated selective bonds activated iodobromoarenes keep bromo functional handle untouched. Finally, strength catalysis highlighted two-fold functionalization using both photo-to-transition metal photo-to-photocatalyzed transformations.

Language: Английский

Citations

19

Chemical modification of enzymes to improve biocatalytic performance DOI

Pritam Giri,

Amol D. Pagar, Mahesh D. Patil

et al.

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 107868 - 107868

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

62

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates immobilization: preparation, characterization, and applications DOI
Ning Chen,

Baogen Chang,

Nian Shi

et al.

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(3), P. 369 - 383

Published: April 17, 2022

Enzymes are commonly used as biocatalysts for various biological and chemical processes. However, some major drawbacks of free enzymes (e.g. poor reusability instability) significantly restrict their industrial practices. How to overcome these weaknesses remain considerable challenges. Enzyme immobilization is one the most effective ways improve stability enzymes. Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) has been known a novel versatile carrier-free method. CLEAs attractive due its simplicity robustness, without purification. It generally shows: high catalytic specificity selectivity, good operational storage stabilities, reusability. Moreover, co-immobilization different kinds can be acquired. These advantages provide opportunities further applications. Herein, preparation parameters were first summarized. Next, characterization structural properties, also proposed. Finally, important applications this technique in: environmental protection, chemistry, food industry, pharmaceutical synthesis delivery introduced. Potential challenges future research directions, such improving cross-linking efficiency internal mass transfer efficiency, presented. This implies that an efficient feasible properties use in industry.

Language: Английский

Citations

47

Proteases immobilized on nanomaterials for biocatalytic, environmental and biomedical applications: Advantages and drawbacks DOI Creative Commons
Muhammad Bilal, Sarmad Ahmad Qamar, Diego Carballares

et al.

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 108304 - 108304

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Proteases have gained significant scientific and industrial interest due to their unique biocatalytic characteristics broad-spectrum applications in different industries. The development of robust nanobiocatalytic systems by attaching proteases onto various nanostructured materials as fascinating novel nanocarriers has demonstrated exceptional performance, substantial stability, ease recyclability over multiple reaction cycles under chemical physical conditions. immobilized on may be much more resistant denaturation caused extreme temperatures or pH values, detergents, organic solvents, other protein denaturants than free enzymes. Immobilized present a lower inhibition. use non-porous the immobilization prevents diffusion steric hindrances during binding substrate active sites enzymes compared porous materials; when using very large solid substrates, orientation enzyme must always adequate. advantages problems nanoparticles will discussed this review. continuous batch reactor operations nanocarrier-immobilized been successfully investigated for variety leather, detergent, biomedical, food, pharmaceutical Information about nanomaterials systematically compiled here. Furthermore, highlighted

Language: Английский

Citations

40

Smart chemistry and applied perceptions of enzyme-coupled nano-engineered assemblies to meet future biocatalytic challenges DOI
Ayesha Anwar, Muhammad Imran, Hafiz M.N. Iqbal

et al.

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 493, P. 215329 - 215329

Published: July 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

28

Evolution of Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase: From Methanogenesis to Genetic Code Expansion DOI Creative Commons
Nikolaj G. Koch, Nediljko Budiša

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(16), P. 9580 - 9608

Published: July 2, 2024

Over 20 years ago, the pyrrolysine encoding translation system was discovered in specific archaea. Our Review provides an overview of how once obscure pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS) tRNA pair, originally responsible for accurately translating enzymes crucial methanogenic metabolic pathways, laid foundation burgeoning field genetic code expansion. primary focus is discussion to successfully engineer PylRS recognize new substrates and exhibit higher

Language: Английский

Citations

16

Proline Analogues DOI
Vladimir Kubyshkin, Marina Rubini

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(13), P. 8130 - 8232

Published: June 28, 2024

Within the canonical repertoire of amino acid involved in protein biogenesis, proline plays a unique role as an presenting modified backbone rather than side-chain. Chemical structures that mimic but introduce changes into its specific molecular features are defined analogues. This review article summarizes existing chemical, physicochemical, and biochemical knowledge about this peculiar family structures. We group analogues from following compounds: substituted prolines, unsaturated fused structures, ring size homologues, heterocyclic, e.g., pseudoproline, bridged proline-resembling overview (1) occurrence nature their chemical synthesis, (2) physicochemical properties including conformation

Language: Английский

Citations

14