Science Robotics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(87)
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Micro/nanorobotic
swarms
consisting
of
numerous
tiny
building
blocks
show
great
potential
in
biomedical
applications
because
their
collective
active
delivery
ability,
enhanced
imaging
contrast,
and
environment-adaptive
capability.
However,
vivo
real-time
tracking
micro/nanorobotic
remain
a
challenge,
considering
the
limited
size
spatial-temporal
resolution
current
modalities.
Here,
we
propose
strategy
that
enables
navigation
microswarm
stagnant
flowing
blood
environments
by
using
laser
speckle
contrast
(LSCI),
featuring
full-field
imaging,
high
temporal-spatial
resolution,
noninvasiveness.
The
change
dynamic
convection
induced
can
be
quantitatively
investigated
analyzing
perfusion
unit
(PU)
distribution,
offering
an
alternative
approach
to
investigate
swarm
behavior
its
interaction
with
various
environments.
Both
surrounding
environment
were
monitored
imaged
LSCI
real
time,
images
further
analyzed
for
simultaneous
complex
vascular
system.
Moreover,
our
realized
vivo,
showing
promising
LSCI-guided
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
122(5), P. 5317 - 5364
Published: Feb. 1, 2022
In
conventional
classification,
soft
robots
feature
mechanical
compliance
as
the
main
distinguishing
factor
from
traditional
made
of
rigid
materials.
Recent
advances
in
functional
materials
have
facilitated
emergence
a
new
class
capable
tether-free
actuation
response
to
external
stimuli
such
heat,
light,
solvent,
or
electric
magnetic
field.
Among
various
types
stimuli-responsive
materials,
shown
remarkable
progress
their
design
and
fabrication,
leading
development
with
unique
advantages
potential
for
many
important
applications.
However,
field
is
still
its
infancy
requires
further
advancements
terms
principles,
fabrication
methods,
control
mechanisms,
sensing
modalities.
Successful
future
would
require
comprehensive
understanding
fundamental
principle
actuation,
well
physical
properties
behavior
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
modeling
simulation,
robots.
We
then
give
set
guidelines
optimal
performance
Lastly,
summarize
biomedical
applications
provide
our
perspectives
on
next-generation
Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 41 - 41
Published: Jan. 24, 2022
Nanotechnology
has
infiltrated
all
sectors
due
to
its
unique
and
evident
impacts,
which
give
the
scientific
community
numerous
breakthroughs
in
medical,
agricultural,
other
domains.
Nanomaterials
(NMs)
have
risen
prominence
technological
their
adjustable
physical,
chemical,
biological
characteristics
superior
performance
over
bulk
equivalents.
NMs
are
divided
into
many
categories
based
on
size,
composition,
capping
agents,
form,
origin.
The
capacity
forecast
NMs'
features
raises
value
of
each
categorization.
As
manufacturing
industrial
uses
grow,
so
does
demand.
purpose
this
review
is
compare
synthetic
naturally
occurring
nanoparticles
nanostructured
materials
determine
nanoscale
identify
particular
knowledge
gaps
related
environmental
application
materials.
paper
includes
an
overview
history
classifications
sources,
both
natural
manufactured.
Furthermore,
applications
for
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Oct. 5, 2022
Microrobots
have
attracted
the
attention
of
scientists
owing
to
their
unique
features
accomplish
tasks
in
hard-to-reach
sites
human
body.
can
be
precisely
actuated
and
maneuvered
individually
or
a
swarm
for
cargo
delivery,
sampling,
surgery,
imaging
applications.
In
addition,
microrobots
found
applications
environmental
sector
(e.g.,
water
treatment).
Besides,
recent
advancements
three-dimensional
(3D)
printers
enabled
high-resolution
fabrication
with
faster
design-production
turnaround
time
users
limited
micromanufacturing
skills.
Here,
latest
end
3D
printed
are
reviewed
(ranging
from
biomedical
applications)
along
brief
discussion
over
feasible
actuation
methods
on-
off-board),
practical
printing
technologies
microrobot
fabrication.
as
future
perspective,
we
discussed
potential
advantages
integration
smart
materials,
conceivable
benefits
implementation
artificial
intelligence
(AI),
well
physical
(PI).
Moreover,
order
facilitate
bench-to-bedside
translation
microrobots,
current
challenges
impeding
clinical
elaborated,
including
entry
obstacles
immune
system
attacks)
cumbersome
standard
test
procedures
ensure
biocompatibility.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
34(52)
Published: April 6, 2022
Cancer
is
one
of
the
most
intractable
diseases
owing
to
its
high
mortality
rate
and
lack
effective
diagnostic
treatment
tools.
Advancements
in
micro-/nanorobot
(MNR)-assisted
sensing,
imaging,
therapeutics
offer
unprecedented
opportunities
develop
MNR-based
cancer
theragnostic
platforms.
Unlike
ordinary
nanoparticles,
which
exhibit
Brownian
motion
biofluids,
MNRs
overcome
viscous
resistance
an
ultralow
Reynolds
number
(Re
<<
1)
environment
by
self-propulsion.
This
unique
locomotion
property
has
motivated
advanced
design
functionalization
as
a
basis
for
next-generation
cancer-therapy
platforms,
potential
precise
distribution
improved
permeation
therapeutic
agents.
Enhanced
barrier
penetration,
imaging-guided
operation,
biosensing
are
additionally
studied
enable
promising
cancer-related
applications
MNRs.
Herein,
recent
advances
therapy
comprehensively
addresses,
including
actuation
engines,
diagnostics,
medical
targeted
drug
delivery;
research
that
can
have
profound
impact
on
over
next
decade
highlighted.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
123(7), P. 3944 - 3975
Published: Sept. 15, 2022
Micro-/nanorobots
(MNRs)
can
be
autonomously
propelled
on
demand
in
complex
biological
environments
and
thus
may
bring
revolutionary
changes
to
biomedicines.
Fluorescence
has
been
widely
used
real-time
imaging,
chemo-/biosensing,
photo-(chemo-)
therapy.
The
integration
of
MNRs
with
fluorescence
generates
fluorescent
unique
advantages
optical
trackability,
on-the-fly
environmental
sensitivity,
targeting
chemo-/photon-induced
cytotoxicity.
This
review
provides
an
up-to-date
overview
MNRs.
After
the
highlighted
elucidation
about
various
propulsion
mechanisms
introductory
information
emphasis
materials,
we
systematically
illustrate
design
preparation
strategies
integrate
substances
their
biomedical
applications
imaging-guided
drug
delivery,
intelligent
sensing
In
end,
summarize
main
challenges
provide
outlook
future
directions
work
is
expected
attract
inspire
researchers
from
different
communities
advance
creation
practical
application
a
broad
horizon.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(18)
Published: May 5, 2023
Swimming
microrobots
guided
in
the
circulation
system
offer
considerable
promise
precision
medicine
but
currently
suffer
from
problems
such
as
limited
adhesion
to
blood
vessels,
intensive
flow,
and
immune
clearance-all
reducing
targeted
interaction.
A
swimming
microrobot
design
with
clawed
geometry,
a
red
cell
(RBC)
membrane-camouflaged
surface,
magnetically
actuated
retention
is
discussed,
allowing
better
navigation
inspired
by
tardigrade's
mechanical
claw
engagement,
coupled
an
RBC
membrane
coating,
minimize
flow
impact.
Using
clinical
intravascular
optical
coherence
tomography
vivo,
microrobots'
activity
dynamics
rabbit
jugular
vein
was
monitored,
illustrating
very
effective
magnetic
propulsion,
even
against
of
~2.1
cm/s,
comparable
characteristics.
The
equivalent
friction
coefficient
elevated
~24-fold,
compared
microspheres,
achieving
active
at
3.2
for
>36
hours,
showing
across
biomedical
applications.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(7), P. 6789 - 6799
Published: March 29, 2023
Single-atom
catalysts
with
extraordinary
catalytic
activity
have
been
receiving
great
attention
in
tumor
therapy.
However,
most
single-atom
lack
self-propulsion
properties,
restricting
them
from
actively
approaching
cancer
cells
or
penetrating
the
interior
of
tumors.
Herein,
we
design
N-doped
jellyfish-like
mesoporous
carbon
nanomotors
coordinated
copper
(Cu-JMCNs).
It
is
a
combination
nanocatalytic
medicine
and
nanomotor
for
The
Cu
single
atom
can
catalyze
H2O2
into
toxic
hydroxyl
radical
(•OH)
chemodynamic
therapy
(CDT).
Near-infrared
light
triggers
Cu-JMCNs
to
achieve
self-thermophoretic
motion
because
asymmetric
structure
photothermal
property
carbon,
which
significantly
improves
cellular
uptake
penetration
three-dimensional
In
vivo
experiments
indicate
that
CDT
near-infrared
propulsion
over
85%
inhibition
rate.
This
work
sheds
on
development
advanced
biomedical
applications.