Magnetic Soft Materials and Robots

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 122(5), P. 5317 - 5364

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

In conventional classification, soft robots feature mechanical compliance as the main distinguishing factor from traditional made of rigid materials. Recent advances in functional materials have facilitated emergence a new class capable tether-free actuation response to external stimuli such heat, light, solvent, or electric magnetic field. Among various types stimuli-responsive materials, shown remarkable progress their design and fabrication, leading development with unique advantages potential for many important applications. However, field is still its infancy requires further advancements terms principles, fabrication methods, control mechanisms, sensing modalities. Successful future would require comprehensive understanding fundamental principle actuation, well physical properties behavior this review, we discuss recent modeling simulation, robots. We then give set guidelines optimal performance Lastly, summarize biomedical applications provide our perspectives on next-generation

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of Nanomaterials: Types, Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 41 - 41

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Nanotechnology has infiltrated all sectors due to its unique and evident impacts, which give the scientific community numerous breakthroughs in medical, agricultural, other domains. Nanomaterials (NMs) have risen prominence technological their adjustable physical, chemical, biological characteristics superior performance over bulk equivalents. NMs are divided into many categories based on size, composition, capping agents, form, origin. The capacity forecast NMs' features raises value of each categorization. As manufacturing industrial uses grow, so does demand. purpose this review is compare synthetic naturally occurring nanoparticles nanostructured materials determine nanoscale identify particular knowledge gaps related environmental application materials. paper includes an overview history classifications sources, both natural manufactured. Furthermore, applications for

Language: Английский

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Smart micro- and nanorobots for water purification

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 236 - 251

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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3D-printed microrobots from design to translation

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 5, 2022

Microrobots have attracted the attention of scientists owing to their unique features accomplish tasks in hard-to-reach sites human body. can be precisely actuated and maneuvered individually or a swarm for cargo delivery, sampling, surgery, imaging applications. In addition, microrobots found applications environmental sector (e.g., water treatment). Besides, recent advancements three-dimensional (3D) printers enabled high-resolution fabrication with faster design-production turnaround time users limited micromanufacturing skills. Here, latest end 3D printed are reviewed (ranging from biomedical applications) along brief discussion over feasible actuation methods on- off-board), practical printing technologies microrobot fabrication. as future perspective, we discussed potential advantages integration smart materials, conceivable benefits implementation artificial intelligence (AI), well physical (PI). Moreover, order facilitate bench-to-bedside translation microrobots, current challenges impeding clinical elaborated, including entry obstacles immune system attacks) cumbersome standard test procedures ensure biocompatibility.

Language: Английский

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Magnetic helical micro-/nanomachines: Recent progress and perspective

Matter, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 77 - 109

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Intelligent Micro‐/Nanorobots for Cancer Theragnostic

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(52)

Published: April 6, 2022

Cancer is one of the most intractable diseases owing to its high mortality rate and lack effective diagnostic treatment tools. Advancements in micro-/nanorobot (MNR)-assisted sensing, imaging, therapeutics offer unprecedented opportunities develop MNR-based cancer theragnostic platforms. Unlike ordinary nanoparticles, which exhibit Brownian motion biofluids, MNRs overcome viscous resistance an ultralow Reynolds number (Re << 1) environment by self-propulsion. This unique locomotion property has motivated advanced design functionalization as a basis for next-generation cancer-therapy platforms, potential precise distribution improved permeation therapeutic agents. Enhanced barrier penetration, imaging-guided operation, biosensing are additionally studied enable promising cancer-related applications MNRs. Herein, recent advances therapy comprehensively addresses, including actuation engines, diagnostics, medical targeted drug delivery; research that can have profound impact on over next decade highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Lighting up Micro-/Nanorobots with Fluorescence

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 123(7), P. 3944 - 3975

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Micro-/nanorobots (MNRs) can be autonomously propelled on demand in complex biological environments and thus may bring revolutionary changes to biomedicines. Fluorescence has been widely used real-time imaging, chemo-/biosensing, photo-(chemo-) therapy. The integration of MNRs with fluorescence generates fluorescent unique advantages optical trackability, on-the-fly environmental sensitivity, targeting chemo-/photon-induced cytotoxicity. This review provides an up-to-date overview MNRs. After the highlighted elucidation about various propulsion mechanisms introductory information emphasis materials, we systematically illustrate design preparation strategies integrate substances their biomedical applications imaging-guided drug delivery, intelligent sensing In end, summarize main challenges provide outlook future directions work is expected attract inspire researchers from different communities advance creation practical application a broad horizon.

Language: Английский

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Copper Single-Atom Jellyfish-like Nanomotors for Enhanced Tumor Penetration and Nanocatalytic Therapy

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 6789 - 6799

Published: March 29, 2023

Single-atom catalysts with extraordinary catalytic activity have been receiving great attention in tumor therapy. However, most single-atom lack self-propulsion properties, restricting them from actively approaching cancer cells or penetrating the interior of tumors. Herein, we design N-doped jellyfish-like mesoporous carbon nanomotors coordinated copper (Cu-JMCNs). It is a combination nanocatalytic medicine and nanomotor for The Cu single atom can catalyze H2O2 into toxic hydroxyl radical (•OH) chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Near-infrared light triggers Cu-JMCNs to achieve self-thermophoretic motion because asymmetric structure photothermal property carbon, which significantly improves cellular uptake penetration three-dimensional In vivo experiments indicate that CDT near-infrared propulsion over 85% inhibition rate. This work sheds on development advanced biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired claw-engaged and biolubricated swimming microrobots creating active retention in blood vessels

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(18)

Published: May 5, 2023

Swimming microrobots guided in the circulation system offer considerable promise precision medicine but currently suffer from problems such as limited adhesion to blood vessels, intensive flow, and immune clearance-all reducing targeted interaction. A swimming microrobot design with clawed geometry, a red cell (RBC) membrane-camouflaged surface, magnetically actuated retention is discussed, allowing better navigation inspired by tardigrade's mechanical claw engagement, coupled an RBC membrane coating, minimize flow impact. Using clinical intravascular optical coherence tomography vivo, microrobots' activity dynamics rabbit jugular vein was monitored, illustrating very effective magnetic propulsion, even against of ~2.1 cm/s, comparable characteristics. The equivalent friction coefficient elevated ~24-fold, compared microspheres, achieving active at 3.2 for >36 hours, showing across biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Design of untethered soft material micromachine for life-like locomotion

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 197 - 216

Published: Feb. 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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