The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO)-wide Cohort

American Journal of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 192(8), P. 1249 - 1263

Published: March 24, 2023

Abstract The Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO)-Wide Cohort Study (EWC), a collaborative research design comprising 69 cohorts in 31 consortia, was funded by the National Institutes of (NIH) 2016 to improve children’s health United States. EWC harmonizes extant data and collects new using standardized protocol, ECHO-Wide Data Collection Protocol (EWCP). EWCP visits occur at least once per life stage, but frequency timing vary across cohorts. As March 4, 2022, contributed from 60,553 children consented 29,622 for biospecimen collection. median (interquartile range) age EWCP-enrolled 7.5 years (3.7–11.1). Surveys, interviews, examinations, laboratory analyses, medical record abstraction are used obtain information 5 main outcome areas: pre-, peri-, postnatal outcomes; neurodevelopment; obesity; airways; positive health. Exposures include factors level place (e.g., air pollution, neighborhood socioeconomic status), family parental mental health), individuals diet, genomics).

Language: Английский

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Health Effects of Fossil Fuel–Derived Endocrine Disruptors

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 390(10), P. 922 - 933

Published: March 6, 2024

Many fossil fuel–derived chemicals found in air, water, food, and manufactured products affect hormonal function. Exposure is associated with health risks, including cancers, cardiovascular disease, infertility.

Language: Английский

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Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Their Metabolites Can Pass through the Human Placenta Unimpeded

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(23), P. 17143 - 17152

Published: Nov. 28, 2022

Studies on neonicotinoid (NEO) exposure in pregnant women and fetuses are scarce, transplacental transfer of these insecticides is unknown. In this study, parent NEOs (p-NEOs) their metabolites (m-NEOs) were determined 95 paired maternal (MS) cord serum (CS) samples collected southern China. Imidacloprid was the predominant p-NEO both CS MS samples, found at median concentrations 1.84 0.79 ng/mL, respectively, whereas N-desmethyl-acetamiprid most abundant m-NEO (median: 0.083 ng/mL) (0.13 ng/mL). The efficiencies (TTEs) p-NEOs m-NEOs high, ranging from 0.81 (thiamethoxam, THM) to 1.61 (olefin-imidacloprid, of-IMI), indicating efficient placental insecticides. Moreover, transport appears be passive structure-dependent: cyanoamidine such as acetamiprid thiacloprid had higher TTE values than nitroguanidine NEOs, namely, clothianidin THM. Multilinear regression analysis revealed that several associated significantly with hematological parameters related hepatotoxicity renal toxicity. To our knowledge, first occurrence distribution maternal-fetal samples.

Language: Английский

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Addressing systemic problems with exposure assessments to protect the public’s health

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(S1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract Background Understanding, characterizing, and quantifying human exposures to environmental chemicals is critical protect public health. Exposure assessments are key determining risks the general population for specific subpopulations given that differ between groups. data also important understanding where interventions, including policies, should be targeted extent which interventions have been successful. In this review, we aim show how inadequacies in exposure conducted by polluting industries or regulatory agencies led downplaying disregarding concerns raised communities; underestimates of can lead conclude unacceptable are, instead, acceptable, allowing pollutants go unregulated; researchers, risk assessors, policy makers need better understand issues affected appropriate use contribute health-protective decisions. Methods We describe current approaches used estimate chemicals, address limitations data. then illustrate some reach flawed conclusions about make recommendations improvements. Results communities, health advocates, scientists, makers, other groups diverse populations. identify four areas improved due systemic sources error uncertainty these with examples. These include: (1) an inability keep pace increasing number registered assess their exposures, as well complications added ‘confidential business information’ reduce available data; (2) failure up-to-date; (3) inadequate assumptions behaviors co-exposures exposure; (4) insufficient models toxicokinetics similarly affect estimates. Conclusion identified impact capacity conduct scientifically robust assessments. must addressed scientific improve estimates

Language: Английский

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Current exposure to phthalates and DINCH in European children and adolescents – Results from the HBM4EU Aligned Studies 2014 to 2021

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 249, P. 114101 - 114101

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Phthalates are mainly used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Exposure to several phthalates is associated with different adverse effects most prominently on the development of reproductive functions. The HBM4EU Aligned Studies (2014-2021) have investigated current European exposure ten (DEP, BBzP, DiBP, DnBP, DCHP, DnPeP, DEHP, DiNP, DiDP, DnOP) and substitute DINCH answer open policy relevant questions which were defined by partner countries EU institutions starting point programme. dataset includes ∼5,600 children (6-11 years) adolescents (12-18 from up 12 per age group covering North, East, South West regions. Study data participating studies harmonised respect sample size selection participants, biomarkers, quality comparability analytical results provide a comparable perspective exposure. Phthalate deduced urinary excretions metabolites, where concentrations expressed their key descriptor geometric mean (GM) 95th percentile (P95). This study aims at reporting levels differences in these between regions, well comparisons human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs). GMs highest ∑DEHP metabolites (33.6 μg/L), MiBP (26.6 MEP (24.4 μg/L) lowest for∑DiDP (1.91 ∑DINCH (3.57 μg/L). In found (43.3 (28.8 (25.6 ∑DiDP (= 2.02 (2.51 addition, P95 stratified region, sex, household education level, degree urbanization presented. Differences average biomarker sampling sites (data collections) ranged factor 2 9. Compared average, OCC (Denmark), InAirQ (Hungary), SPECIMEn (The Netherlands) had across all ESTEBAN (France), NAC II (Italy), CROME (Greece) highest. For adolescents, comparably higher metabolite NEB (Norway), PCB cohort (Slovakia), lower POLAES (Poland), FLEHS IV (Belgium), GerES V-sub (Germany). Multivariate analyses (Survey Generalized Linear Models) indicate compound-specific four Comparison individual HBM-GVs revealed rates exceedances DnBP 3 5%, respectively, adolescents. No observed DEP DINCH. With our we current, detailed, - first time regions Europe particularly suited inform risk assessment questions.

Language: Английский

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A science-based agenda for health-protective chemical assessments and decisions: overview and consensus statement

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(S1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract The manufacture and production of industrial chemicals continues to increase, with hundreds thousands chemical mixtures used worldwide, leading widespread population exposures resultant health impacts. Low-wealth communities color often bear disproportionate burdens exposure impact; all compounded by regulatory delays the detriment public health. Multiple authoritative bodies scientific consensus groups have called for actions prevent harmful via improved policy approaches. We worked across multiple disciplines develop recommendations health-protective, approaches reduce exposures, which can be applied current US policies governing environmental pollutants. This identifies five principles improving how agencies like Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approach conduct hazard risk assessment management analyses: (1) financial burden data generation any given on (or introduced to) market should producers that benefit from their use; (2) lack does not equate hazard, exposure, or risk; (3) populations at greater risk, including those are more susceptible highly exposed, must better identified protected account real-world risks; (4) assessments assume existence a “safe” “no-risk” level in diverse general population; (5) evaluate conflicts interest body evidence. While many these focus specifically EPA, they could adopted agency entity engaged assessment. also detail four priority areas companion papers (exposure methods, human variability assessment, methods quantifying non-cancer outcomes, framework defining classes). These constitute key steps evidence-based decision-making protection.

Language: Английский

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Early childhood exposure to environmental phenols and parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, and trace elements in association with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in the CHARGE study

Environmental Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 14, 2024

Abstract Background A growing body of literature investigated childhood exposure to environmental chemicals in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, but limited studies considered urinary mixtures multiple chemical classes. This study examined associations concurrent non-persistent ADHD symptoms children diagnosed autism spectrum (ASD), developmental delay (DD), and typical development (TD). Methods total 549 aged 2–5 years from the Childhood Autism Risks Genetics Environment (CHARGE) case-control were administered Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). focused on ADHD/noncompliance subscale its two subdomains (hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention). Sixty-two four classes (phenols/parabens, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, trace elements) quantified child urine samples, 43 detected > 70% samples used investigate their symptoms. Negative binomial regression was for single-chemical analysis, weighted quantile sum repeated holdout validation applied mixture analysis each class all chemicals. The analyses further stratified by diagnostic group. Results phthalate metabolite associated higher scores (median count ratio [CR] = 1.10; 2.5th, 97.5th percentile: 1.00, 1.21), especially hyperactivity/impulsivity CR 1.09; 1.25). possible contributors these effects di-2-ethylhexyl (DEHP) metabolites mono-2-heptyl (MHPP). These likely driven ASD as observed among ASD, not TD or those DD. Additionally, a hyperactivity/impulsivity, 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid, DEHP metabolites, MHPP, mono-n-butyl phthalate, cadmium. Conclusions Early particularly ASD. While diverse profiles generalizability, our findings suggest potential link between comorbidity ADHD.

Language: Английский

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Disrupting effects of neonicotinoids and their interaction with metals on thyroid hormone, an evidence of children in a rural area, South China

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 290, P. 117788 - 117788

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Neonicotinoids exposure was found to induce thyroid dysfunction. However, there lack of direct evidence between neonicotinoids and hormone (TH) disruption in population study, especially children, which limits the understanding on their health hazard. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study children rural area South China (n = 88), analyzed urinary ten (including metabolites), serum TH, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), stimulating (TSH) levels. Based linear regression, generalized additive model, Bayesian kernel machine levels were be correlated with TBG, TSH levels, stronger effects for metabolites than parent compounds most cases. Mixture had significantly positive effect free triiodothyronine (T3). N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (N-dm-ACE) negatively associated T3 female, corresponded much lower female male. Also, N-dm-ACE non-monotonic thyroxine Some interactive lead cadmium TH disruption. The results provide an highlight need explore safeguard children.

Language: Английский

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Linking Prenatal Environmental Exposures to Lifetime Health with Epigenome-Wide Association Studies: State-of-the-Science Review and Future Recommendations

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

The prenatal environment influences lifetime health; epigenetic mechanisms likely predominate. In 2016, the first international consortium paper on cigarette smoking during pregnancy and offspring DNA methylation identified extensive, reproducible exposure signals. This finding raised expectations for epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of other exposures.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal variability and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in seawater and sediments of the Yangtze River estuary

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 115904 - 115904

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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