Geophysical Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
51(14)
Published: July 16, 2024
Abstract
The
growth
of
newly
formed
particles
through
new
particle
formation
(NPF)
contributes
a
significant
fraction
to
the
cloud
condensation
nuclei,
yet
driving
mechanisms
remain
unclear,
especially
for
polluted
environments.
To
investigate
potential
species
contributing
nanoparticle
in
environments
with
anthropogenic
influences,
we
measured
hygroscopicity
at
20–40
nm
rural
observational
site
North
China
Plain
during
winter
2018.
Our
results
demonstrate
that
these
were
not
very
hygroscopic,
mean
parameter
κ
0.13
±
0.09.
Clear
differences
inferred
growing
material
responsible
observed
among
different
events,
indicating
even
same
region,
compounds
may
be
identical.
This
synergistically
influenced
by
NPF
precursors,
oxidants
and
meteorological
conditions,
suggesting
complex
might
co‐exist
behind
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(23), P. 14801 - 14812
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Abstract.
Understanding
the
composition
and
sources
of
atmospheric
ultrafine
particles
(UFPs)
is
essential
in
evaluating
their
exposure
risks.
It
requires
long-term
measurements
with
high
time
resolution,
which
are
scarce
to
date.
We
performed
near-continuous
UFP
during
four
seasons
urban
Beijing
using
a
thermal
desorption
chemical
ionization
mass
spectrometer,
accompanied
by
real-time
size
distribution
measurements.
found
that
UFPs
dominated
organic
components,
varying
seasonally
from
68
%
81
%.
CHO
organics
(i.e.,
molecules
containing
carbon,
hydrogen,
oxygen)
most
abundant
summer,
while
sulfur-containing
organics,
some
nitrogen-containing
nitrate,
chloride
winter.
With
increase
particle
diameter,
contribution
decreases,
increases.
Source
apportionment
analysis
indicates
contributions
cooking
vehicle
sources,
photooxidation
enriched
aqueous/heterogeneous
nitrogen-
organics.
The
increased
cooking,
vehicle,
components
usually
simultaneous
increases
number
concentrations
related
emission,
new
formation,
respectively,
growth
mode
diameters.
highest
winter
due
strongest
local
primary
emissions,
slowest
condensational
larger
sizes.
This
study
provides
comprehensive
understanding
offers
valuable
datasets
for
evaluation
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
247, P. 114204 - 114204
Published: Oct. 20, 2022
Lead,
the
most
widely
used
heavy
metal
in
industry,
is
detrimental
to
human
health
if
exposed
living
and
occupational
environment.
Although
several
studies
have
been
conducted
on
lead
exposure,
little
has
reported
its
harm
mammary
gland
mechanisms.
In
view
of
this,
our
study
first
verify
that
exposure
could
promote
apoptosis
inflammation
mouse
tissue
(in
vivo)
cow
epithelial
cells
vitro).
After
establishing
a
model,
expression
profile
was
constructed
by
high-throughput
sequencing
technology.
profile,
917
differentially
expressed
genes
were
screened,
which
IRAK1
up-regulated
4.33
times.
Then,
from
qRT-PCR,
Western
blot
Luciferase
report,
found
release
inflammatory
factors
be
specific
target
miR-146a.
On
other
hand,
double
luciferase
reporter
system
qRT-PCR
predicted
existence
binding
site
between
circRNA-05280
miR-146a
sequence.
Experiments
such
as
immunohistochemistry,
EdU
demonstrated
not
only
cell
but
also
level
genes.
Nevertheless,
function
opposite
circRNA-05280.
Specifically,
can
regulate
releasing
gene
IRAK1.
This
concludes
circRNA-05280/
miR-146a/
signaling
pathway
mediate
damage
resulting
exposure.
Accordingly,
it
sheds
new
light
further
exploration
molecular
mechanisms
caused
risk
assessment
lead,
mechanism
toxicity.
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(12), P. 6879 - 6896
Published: June 21, 2023
Abstract.
New
particle
formation
(NPF)
and
growth
are
a
major
source
of
atmospheric
fine
particles.
In
polluted
urban
environments,
NPF
events
frequently
observed
with
characteristics
distinct
from
those
in
clean
environments.
Here
we
simulate
Beijing
discrete-sectional
model
that
couples
cluster
dynamics
multicomponent
growth.
the
model,
new
particles
formed
by
sulfuric
acid–dimethylamine
nucleation,
while
is
driven
coagulation
condensation
acid,
its
clusters,
oxygenated
organic
molecules
(OOMs).
A
variable
simulation
domain
size
space
applied
to
isolate
newly
preexisting
ones,
which
allows
us
focus
on
rather
than
evolution
non-NPF
origin.
The
yields
rich
set
information
including
time-dependent
rates,
concentrations,
distributions,
time-
size-specific
chemical
compositions.
These
can
be
compared
field
observations
comprehensively
assess
simulation–observation
agreement.
Sensitivity
analysis
further
quantifies
how
metrics
(e.g.,
survival
probability)
respond
input
variations
serves
as
diagnostic
tool
pinpoint
key
parameter
leads
discrepancies.
Seven
typical
were
analyzed.
We
found
gaseous
precursor
concentrations
sink
inputs,
simulations
roughly
captured
distributions;
however,
simulated
rate
was
insufficient
yield
number
probability,
mode
diameter.
With
aid
sensitivity
analysis,
identified
under-detected
OOMs
likely
cause
for
discrepancy,
agreement
between
observation
improved
after
modulated
rates
adjusting
abundance
OOMs.
Gaseous
oxygenated
organic
molecules
(OOMs)
are
crucial
precursors
of
atmospheric
aerosols.
OOMs
in
urban
atmospheres
have
complex
compositions,
posing
challenges
to
understanding
their
formation,
evolution,
and
influences.
In
this
study,
we
identify
2403
gaseous
Beijing
using
online
nitrate-based
chemical
ionization
Orbitrap
mass
spectrometry
based
on
one-year
measurements.
We
find
that
can
be
identified
with
higher
accuracy
wider
coverage,
compared
previously
used
spectrometry.
With
optimized
OOM
resolving
capabilities,
previous
knowledge
expanded.
First,
clear
homologous
oxygen-addition
characteristics
the
revealed.
Second,
lower
concentrations
or
masses
characterized
high
confidence,
e.g.,
above
350
Da.
particular,
dimers
(e.g.,
C
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: Sept. 9, 2022
The
chemical
composition
of
aerosol
particles
is
crucial
to
understanding
their
formation
and
evolution
in
the
atmosphere.
However,
very
limited
information
available
for
ultrafine
particles,
particularly
nanoclusters
newly
formed
due
lack
valid
analytical
methods.
This
work
reviews
online
measurement
techniques
characterizing
atmospheric
clusters
sub-20
nm
particles.
commonly
used
instrumentations
are
divided
into
two
categories:
direct
based
on
mass
spectrometry
indirect
mainly
relying
physical
properties
(e.g.,
hygroscopicity
volatility).
advantages
these
compared
limitations
lab
field
application
summarized.
combination
discussed,
this
may
provide
more
comprehensive
We
propose
that
developing
needed
improve
collection
efficiency
techniques,
or
resolution
techniques.
Future
development
should
focus
obtaining
simultaneous
measurements
particle
properties,
which
can
be
helpful
improving
accuracy
modeling
evolution.
