The Potential of Metabolomics in Biomedical Applications

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 194 - 194

Published: Feb. 19, 2022

The metabolome offers a dynamic, comprehensive, and precise picture of the phenotype. Current high-throughput technologies have allowed discovery relevant metabolites that characterize wide variety human phenotypes with respect to health, disease, drug monitoring, even aging. Metabolomics, parallel genomics, has led biomarkers aided in understanding diversity molecular mechanisms, highlighting its application precision medicine. This review focuses on metabolomics can be applied improve as well trends impacts metabolic neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, longevity, exposome, liquid biopsy development, pharmacometabolomics. identification distinct metabolomic profiles will help improvement clinical strategies treat disease. In years come, become tool routinely diagnose monitor health aging, or development. Biomedical applications already foreseen progression such obesity diabetes, using branched-chain amino acids, acylcarnitines, certain phospholipids, genomics; these assess disease severity predict potential treatment. Future endeavors should focus determining applicability utility metabolomic-derived markers their appropriate implementation large-scale settings.

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of environmental exposures and human disease

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 332 - 344

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Non-targeted analysis (NTA) and suspect screening analysis (SSA): a review of examining the chemical exposome

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(4), P. 524 - 536

Published: June 28, 2023

Non-targeted analysis (NTA) and suspect screening (SSA) are powerful techniques that rely on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) computational tools to detect identify unknown or suspected chemicals in the exposome. Fully understanding chemical exposome requires characterization of both environmental media human specimens. As such, we conducted a review examine use different NTA SSA methods various exposure samples, including results detected. The literature was by searching databases, such as PubMed Web Science, for keywords, "non-targeted analysis", "suspect analysis" media. Sources discussed this include water, air, soil/sediment, dust, food consumer products. discovery biospecimen is also reviewed. space has been captured using varies analyzed analytical platform. In each were frequently detected were: per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pharmaceuticals pesticides polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) soil sediment, volatile semi-volatile organic compounds flame retardants plasticizers products, plasticizers, pesticides, halogenated samples. Some studies reviewed herein used liquid chromatography (LC) gas (GC) HRMS increase (16%); however, majority (51%) only LC-HRMS fewer GC-HRMS (32%). Finally, knowledge technology gaps must be overcome fully assess potential exposures NTA. Understanding essential identifying prioritizing our sources prior exposures. IMPACT STATEMENT: This examines analyzing samples based non-targeted (SSA).

Language: Английский

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The contribution of the exposome to the burden of cardiovascular disease

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(10), P. 651 - 669

Published: May 10, 2023

Large epidemiological and health impact assessment studies at the global scale, such as Global Burden of Disease project, indicate that chronic non-communicable diseases, atherosclerosis diabetes mellitus, caused almost two-thirds annual deaths in 2020. By 2030, 77% all are expected to be by diseases. Although this increase is mainly due ageing general population Western societies, other reasons include increasing effects soil, water, air noise pollution on health, together with environmental risk factors climate change, unhealthy city designs (including lack green spaces), lifestyle habits psychosocial stress. The exposome concept was established 2005 a new strategy study effect environment health. describes harmful biochemical metabolic changes occur our body owing totality different exposures throughout life course, which ultimately lead adverse premature deaths. In Review, we describe focus physical chemical their burden cardiovascular disease. We discuss selected highlight relevance for future research well preventive medicine. also challenges limitations studies. Münzel colleagues Additionally, they

Language: Английский

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A Systematic Review of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives: Occurrences, Levels, Biotransformation, Exposure Biomarkers, and Toxicity

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(41), P. 15314 - 15335

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives constitute a significant class of emerging contaminants that have been ubiquitously detected in diverse environmental matrixes, with some even exhibiting higher toxicities than their corresponding parent PAHs. To date, compared PAHs, fewer systematic summaries and reanalyses are available for PAH great concerns. This review summarizes the current knowledge on chemical species, levels, biotransformation patterns, analytical methods, internal exposure routes representative biomarkers, toxicity derivatives, primarily focusing nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated (OPAHs), halogenated (XPAHs), alkylated (APAHs). A collection 188 compounds from four categories, 44 NPAHs, 36 OPAHs, 56 APAHs, 52 XPAHs, has compiled 114 studies documented presence derivatives. These exhibited weighted average air concentrations varied lower limit 0.019 pg/m3 to threshold 4060 pg/m3. Different methods utilizing comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF-MS), (GC-TOF-MS), quadrupole GC-QQQ-MS), Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR MS), adopted untargeted strategies identification also reviewed here. Additionally, an in-depth analysis patterns each category is provided, including likelihood specific reaction types. For toxicity, we summarized key metabolic activation pathways, which could result formation reactive metabolites capable covalently bonding DNA tissue proteins, potential health outcomes such as carcinogenicity genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation immunotoxicity, developmental might be mediated by aryl receptor (AhR). Finally, pinpoint research challenges emphasize need further identifying tracking external evaluating levels associated clarifying routes, considering mixture effects. aims provide broad understanding derivatives' identification, occurrence, human exposure, biotransformation, offering valuable reference guiding future this underexplored area.

Language: Английский

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Air pollution exposure and cardiometabolic risk

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 196 - 208

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Interdisciplinary fetal-neonatal neurology training applies neural exposome perspectives to neurology principles and practice

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

An interdisciplinary fetal-neonatal neurology (FNN) program over the first 1,000 days teaches perspectives of neural exposome that are applicable across life span. This curriculum strengthens neonatal neurocritical care, pediatric, and adult training objectives. Teaching at maternal-pediatric hospital centers optimally merges reproductive, pregnancy, pediatric approaches to healthcare. Phenotype–genotype expressions health or disease pathways represent a dynamic developmental time. The science uncertainty applied FNN re-enforces importance shared clinical decisions minimize bias reduce cognitive errors. Trainees select mentoring committee participants will maximize their learning experiences. Standardized questions oral presentations monitor educational progress. Master doctoral defense preparation competitive research funding can be goals for specific individuals. principles practice offer an understanding gene–environment interactions recognizes effects reproductive on maternal-placental-fetal triad, neonate, child, adult. Pre-conception prenatal adversities potentially diminish life-course brain health. Endogenous exogenous toxic stressor interplay (TSI) alters through maladaptive neuroplasticity. Developmental disorders epilepsy primarily expressed during days. Communicable noncommunicable illnesses continue interact with express diverse neurologic lifespan, particularly critical/sensitive time periods adolescence senescence. Anomalous destructive fetal neuropathologic lesions change this developmental-aging continuum. integrated placental, neonatal, childhood, offers perspective exposome. Exosome promises improved monitoring drug delivery starting pregnancy. origins anticipate diagnoses interventions benefit successive generations. Addressing care disparities in Global South high-income country medical deserts require constructive dialogue among stakeholders achieve equity. Population policies capital strategy reduces global burden diseases by applying practice. integrative approach prolong survival quality persons lifespan confronted neurological disorders.

Language: Английский

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High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Human Exposomics: Expanding Chemical Space Coverage

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(29), P. 12784 - 12822

Published: July 10, 2024

In the modern "omics" era, measurement of human exposome is a critical missing link between genetic drivers and disease outcomes. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), routinely used in proteomics metabolomics, has emerged as leading technology to broadly profile chemical exposure agents related biomolecules for accurate measurement, high sensitivity, rapid data acquisition, increased resolution space. Non-targeted approaches are increasingly accessible, supporting shift from conventional hypothesis-driven, quantitation-centric targeted analyses toward data-driven, hypothesis-generating exposome-wide profiling. However, HRMS-based exposomics encounters unique challenges. New analytical computational infrastructures needed expand analysis coverage through streamlined, scalable, harmonized workflows pipelines that permit longitudinal tracking, retrospective validation, multi-omics integration meaningful health-oriented inferences. this article, we survey literature on state-of-the-art technologies, review current informatic pipelines, provide an up-to-date reference exposomic chemists, toxicologists, epidemiologists, care providers, stakeholders health sciences medicine. We propose efforts benchmark fit-for-purpose platforms expanding space, including gas/liquid chromatography-HRMS (GC-HRMS LC-HRMS), discuss opportunities, challenges, strategies advance burgeoning field exposome.

Language: Английский

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Leveraging Administrative Health Databases to Address Health Challenges in Farming Populations: Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis (1975-2024)

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e62939 - e62939

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Background Although agricultural health has gained importance, to date, much of the existing research relies on traditional epidemiological approaches that often face limitations related sample size, geographic scope, temporal coverage, and range events examined. To address these challenges, a complementary approach involves leveraging reusing data beyond its original purpose. Administrative databases (AHDs) are increasingly reused in population-based digital public health, especially for populations such as farmers, who distinct environmental risks. Objective We aimed explore reuse AHDs addressing issues within farming by summarizing current landscape AHD-based identifying key areas interest, gaps, unmet needs. Methods conducted scoping review bibliometric analysis using PubMed Web Science. Building upon previous reviews research, we comprehensive literature search 72 terms population AHDs. identify hot spots, directions, used keyword frequency, co-occurrence, thematic mapping. also explored profile exposome mapping co-occurrences between factors outcomes. Results Between 1975 April 2024, 296 publications across 118 journals, predominantly from high-income countries, were identified. Nearly one-third associated with well-established cohorts, Agriculture Cancer Agricultural Health Study. The most frequently included disease registers (158/296, 53.4%), electronic records (124/296, 41.9%), insurance claims (106/296, 35.8%), (95/296, 32.1%), hospital discharge (41/296, 13.9%). Fifty (16.9%) studies involved >1 million participants. broad exposure proxies used, (254/296, 85.8%) relied proxies, which failed capture specifics tasks. Research remains underexplored, predominant focus specific external exposome, particularly pesticide exposure. A limited have been examined, primarily cancer, mortality, injuries. Conclusions increasing use holds major potential advance populations. However, substantial gaps persist, low-income regions among underrepresented subgroups, women, children, contingent workers. Emerging issues, including per- polyfluoroalkyl substances, biological agents, microbiome, microplastics, climate change, warrant further research. Major persist understanding various conditions, cardiovascular, reproductive, ocular, sleep-related, age-related, autoimmune diseases. Addressing overlooked is essential comprehending risks faced communities guiding policies. Within this context, promoting conjunction other sources (eg, mobile social data, wearables) artificial intelligence approaches, represents promising avenue future exploration.

Language: Английский

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Time to Consider the “Exposome Hypothesis” in the Development of the Obesity Pandemic

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1597 - 1597

Published: April 12, 2022

The obesity epidemic shows no signs of abatement. Genetics and overnutrition together with a dramatic decline in physical activity are the alleged main causes for this pandemic. While they undoubtedly represent contributors to problem, not able fully explain all cases current trends. In context, body knowledge related exposure as yet underappreciated obesogenic factors, which can be referred "exposome", merits detailed analysis. Contrarily genome, "exposome" is subject great dynamism variability, unfolds throughout individual's lifetime. development precise ways capturing full spectrum person extraordinarily demanding. Data derived from epidemiological studies linking excess weight elevated ambient temperatures, utero, intergenerational effects well epigenetics, microorganisms, microbiota, sleep curtailment, endocrine disruptors, among others, suggests possibility that may work alone or synergistically several alternative putative global epidemic. This narrative review reports available evidence on drivers Broadly based interventions needed better identify these at same time stimulating reflection potential relevance perpetuation

Language: Английский

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