Comment on acp-2022-838—SI DOI Creative Commons
Zhancong Liang

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Abstract. Incense burning is a common religious activity that emits abundant gaseous and particulate pollutants into the atmosphere. During their atmospheric lifetime, these gases particles are subjected to (photo-)oxidation, leading formation of secondary pollutants. We examined oxidation incense plumes under O3 exposure dark condition using an flow reactor connected single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS). Nitrate was observed in particles, mainly attributable ozonolysis nitrogen-containing organic compounds. With UV on, nitrate significantly enhanced, likely due HNO3/HNO2/NOx uptake triggered by OH chemistry, which more effective than ozone oxidation. The extent insensitive exposure, can be explained diffusion limitation on interfacial uptake. OH-aged oxygenated functionalized O3-aged particles. Oxalate malonate, two typical aerosols (SOA), were found Our work reveals nitrate, accompanied SOA, rapidly form incense-burning upon photochemical atmosphere, could deepen our understanding air pollution caused activities.

Language: Английский

Sulfate formation via aerosol-phase SO2 oxidation by model biomass burning photosensitizers: 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde using single-particle mixing-state analysis DOI Creative Commons
Liyuan Zhou, Zhancong Liang,

Brix Raphael Go

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 5251 - 5261

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to sulfate has been widely investigated by means gas-phase and in-cloud chemistry studies. Recent field measurements have shown significant formation in cloud-free environments with high aerosol loadings. As an important fraction biomass burning components, particulate phenolic non-phenolic aromatic carbonyls may initiate photosensitized multiphase SO2 aerosols, which our knowledge however is still its nascent stage. In this study, on the basis single-particle mass spectrometry (SPAMS) measurements, we find evident biomass-burning-derived photosensitizer particles under UV exposure, attributable S(IV), while almost no was observed dark conditions. The efficiency production irradiation, represented number percentage sulfate-containing (99 %–43 %) relative peak area (RPA) (0.67–0.12) spectra, descending order, were 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMB), vanillin (VL) syringaldehyde (SyrAld). Internal mixtures VL potassium nitrate (KNO3) gave a slightly lower RPA than alone. externally mixed KNO3 particles, predominantly formed former, confirming that via photosensitization prevails over photolysis. Our results suggest S(IV) could make contribution formation, especially areas influenced burning.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Aqueous-Phase Photoreactions of Mixed Aromatic Carbonyl Photosensitizers Yield More Oxygenated, Oxidized, and less Light-Absorbing Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) than Single Systems DOI Creative Commons

Brix Raphael Go,

Yongjie Li, Dan Dan Huang

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(18), P. 7924 - 7936

Published: April 23, 2024

Aromatic carbonyls have been mainly probed as photosensitizers for aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) and light-absorbing (i.e., brown carbon or BrC) formation, but due to their nature, they can also undergo oxidation form aqSOA BrC. However, photochemical transformations of aromatic carbonyl photosensitizers, particularly in multicomponent systems, are understudied. This study explored formation from the irradiation mixed single systems under cloud/fog conditions. Mixed consisting phenolic only (VL + ActSyr SyrAld: vanillin [VL] acetosyringone [ActSyr] syringaldehyde [SyrAld]) another composed both nonphenolic (DMB 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde [DMB], a carbonyl, SyrAld) were compared VL (VL*) DMB (DMB*), respectively. In shorter lifetimes indicate diminished capacity trigger other compounds (e.g., guaiacol [GUA], noncarbonyl phenol). contrast slow decay minimal photoenhancement DMB*, rapid photodegradation significant VL* efficient direct photosensitized self-photosensitization). Relative increased oxidant availability promoted functionalization SyrAld accelerated conversion early generation SyrAld. Moreover, oxidizable substrates countered by stronger oxidative limited contribution light absorption. suggests weaker radiative effect BrC photosensitizer than systems. Furthermore, more oxygenated oxidized was observed with increasing complexity reaction < GUA). work offers new insights into emphasizing dual role sources substrates.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Applications of environmental mass spectrometry in atmospheric haze chemistry DOI
Tianzeng Chen, Yanli Ge, Biwu Chu

et al.

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 117614 - 117614

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Sulfate Formation by Photosensitization in Mixed Incense Burning–Sodium Chloride Particles: Effects of RH, Light Intensity, and Aerosol Aging DOI
Rongzhi Tang, Ruifeng Zhang,

Jialiang Ma

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(28), P. 10295 - 10307

Published: July 7, 2023

Elevated particulate sulfate concentrations have been frequently observed in coastal areas when air masses are influenced by continental emissions, especially combustion sources like biomass burning. We studied the SO2 uptake laboratory-generated droplets containing incense smoke extracts and sodium chloride (IS–NaCl) under irradiation found enhanced production over pure NaCl droplets, attributable to photosensitization induced constituents IS. Low relative humidity high light intensity facilitated formation increased coefficient IS–NaCl particles. Aging of IS particles further production, secondary oxidant promoted proportions nitrogen-containing CHN oxygen- CHON species air. Experiments using model compounds syringaldehyde, pyrazine, 4-nitroguaiacol verified enhancements formation. This work provides experimental evidence via triggered multiphase oxidation processes Our results can shed on possible interactions between sea salt burning aerosols enhancing production.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Complexities of Photosensitization in Atmospheric Particles DOI Creative Commons
Zhancong Liang, Yongjie Li,

Brix Raphael Go

et al.

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(11), P. 1333 - 1351

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Brown carbons (BrCs) play a pivotal role in the light absorption by aerosol particulates exerting positive radiative forcing effect that contributes to global warming. Beyond impacts on balance, some BrCs, as photosensitizers, can generate reactive triplet-state molecules toward various atmospheric upon photoexcitation. The significance of photosensitization has been increasingly recognized, particularly context escalated wildfire incidents emit substantial BrCs. We focus complex discussing current challenges, including (1) diverse reactivities photosensitizer mixture particles, (2) methodologies for investigating processes, (3) driving factors photosensitization, and (4) typical pathways mechanisms photosensitized reactions. Lastly, we advise future research refined parametrization triplet singlet oxygen concentrations, alongside their reactivities.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Secondary aerosol formation in incense burning particles by O3 and OH oxidation via single particle mixing state analysis DOI
Zhancong Liang, Liyuan Zhou, Xinyue Li

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 894, P. 164942 - 164942

Published: June 16, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Evaporation-Induced Transformations in Volatile Chemical Product-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosols: Browning Effects and Alterations in Oxidative Reactivity DOI Creative Commons
Liyuan Zhou, Zhancong Liang, Yiming Qin

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(25), P. 11105 - 11117

Published: June 12, 2024

Volatile chemical products (VCPs) are increasingly recognized as significant sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban atmospheres, potentially serving key precursors for secondary aerosol (SOA) formation. This study investigates the formation and physicochemical transformations VCP-derived SOA, produced through ozonolysis VOCs evaporated from a representative room deodorant air freshener, focusing on effects evaporation its molecular composition, light absorption properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Following evaporation, solutes become concentrated, accelerating reactions within matrix that lead to 42% reduction peroxide content noticeable browning SOA. process occurs most effectively at moderate relative humidity (∼40%), reaching maximum solute concentration before solidification. Molecular characterization reveals evaporating SOA produces highly conjugated nitrogen-containing interactions between existing or transformed carbonyl reduced nitrogen species, likely acting chromophores responsible observed brownish coloration. Additionally, reactivity was elucidated heterogeneous oxidation sulfur dioxide (SO

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Biomass-burning organic aerosols as a pool of atmospheric reactive triplets to drive multiphase sulfate formation DOI Creative Commons
Zhancong Liang, Liyuan Zhou,

Yuqing Chang

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(51)

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Biomass-burning organic aerosol(s) (BBOA) are rich in brown carbon, which significantly absorbs solar irradiation and potentially accelerates global warming. Despite its importance, the multiphase photochemistry of BBOA after light absorption remains poorly understood due to challenges determining oxidant concentrations reaction kinetics within aerosol particles. In this study, we explored photochemical reactivity particles S(IV) oxidation sulfate. We found that sulfate formation under is predominantly driven by photosensitization involving triplet excited states ( 3 * ) instead iron, nitrate, photochemistry. Rates three orders magnitude higher than those observed bulk solution, primarily fast interfacial reactions. Our results highlight chemistry can greatly contribute sulfate, as an example secondary pollutants. Photosensitization will likely become increasingly crucial intensified wildfires.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Negligible increase in indoor endotoxin activity by 222 nm far-UVC illumination on bioaerosols DOI Creative Commons
Zhancong Liang,

Tim Yiu Cheung,

Wing Lam Chan

et al.

Environmental Science Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(8), P. 1212 - 1220

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Far-UVC irradiation (222 nm) is an emerging approach for disinfection due to its effectiveness and potentially harmless nature humans by direct compared with other UV wavelengths.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Characterization, Sources, and Chemical Processes of Submicron Aerosols at a Mountain Site in Central China DOI

Hengjia Ou,

Mingfu Cai, Baoling Liang

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128(16)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Abstract A field campaign (29 May to 14 June 2018) was conducted at a mountain site in central China. The chemical composition of non‐refractory submicron particulate matter (NR‐PM 1 ) and the particle number size distribution (PNSD) were measured, respectively. mean NR‐PM mass concentration 20.94 ± 10.14 μg m −3 , among which organics (47%) most abundant component, followed by sulfate (37%), ammonium (11%), nitrate (4%), chloride (1%). Notably, accounted for more than 70% secondary inorganic aerosols. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis data resulted three organic aerosol (OA) factors: hydrocarbon‐like OA (HOA), oxygenated I (OOA‐I), II (OOA‐II). (SOA) composed latter two factors (SOA: OOA‐I + OOA‐II) dominant (80.7%). PMF PNSD yielded new formation related mode, growth accumulation last factor dominated both volume ratios. characterized sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR), heterogeneous production rate ( P het ), gaseous sulfuric acid concentration, representing transformation, reactions, gas phase results showed that well correlated with concentrations SOR, especially during polluted periods. Our study demonstrates photochemically‐driven reactions contribute dominantly SOA is formed predominantly photochemical volatile compounds under high temperatures ultraviolet (UV) intensities, NO X on Mt. Wudang period.

Language: Английский

Citations

3