Understanding the Impact of Triazoles on Female Fertility and Embryo Development: Mechanisms and Implications

Toxicology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 101948 - 101948

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Triazoles are among the most widely used fungicides that were launched in 1980s and one of important pesticide groups agriculture as plant growth regulators stress protectors. also frequently pharmaceutical industry to treat fungal bacterial infections well prevent some forms pneumonia. Humans normally exposed triazoles through food, water, medications, which raises concerns about their potential adverse effects on health. Therefore, this review was planned examine impact triazole female fertility, teratogenic embryotoxic effects. Various search engines such PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, IEEE relevant articles published between 2006 2024 using following keywords: "azoles," "female infertility," "reproductive toxicity," "teratogenicity," "triazoles," "embryo toxicity." The findings suggest might negatively affect fertility embryonic development multiple mechanisms including inhibition or interference with key enzymes CYP17A1 CYP19A1 (aromatase) involved steroid hormone synthesis, endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, disruption signaling pathways, apoptosis. This consolidates current knowledge properties fungicides, providing a comprehensive understanding health implications addressing critical research gaps.

Language: Английский

---

Efficient analysis of the toxicity and mechanisms of Hexaconazole and two other triazole fungicides: insights from integrated network toxicology, molecular docking and bioinformatics data

Genome Instability & Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Do (xeno)estrogens pose a risk to earthworms? Soy isoflavones and estradiol impact gonad structure and induce oxidative stress in Eisenia fetida

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 377, P. 144315 - 144315

Published: March 28, 2025

Understanding the impact of endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs) across a wide range species is crucial, given their ubiquitous presence. Although invertebrate lack sex steroid hormone pathways, they exhibit sensitivity to EDCs, which could affect population dynamics. This study assessed reproductive endpoints and oxidative stress parameters in Eisenia fetida following exposure estradiol soy isoflavones, resembling concentrations found livestock manure. The experiment used artificial soil, as recommended by OECD guidelines (7:2:1 sand, kaolin peat). Adult specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 11/replicate): one control, three (156.1, 283.4 633.8 μg/kg dry soil) isoflavones (113.0, 215.3 405.0 mg/kg concentrations. After eight weeks, samples collected for cytological, histological biochemical analysis. Offspring development was after 12 additional weeks. Higher isoflavone led lower germ cell number increased abnormalities, especially seminal vesicles ovaries. Catalase peroxidase activities significantly all treated groups. did not E. offspring. These findings highlight fetida's EDCs at tissue level, suggesting its use bioindicator assessing EDC contamination soils.

Language: Английский

---

Efficient analysis of the toxicity and mechanisms of Hexaconazole and two other triazole fungicides: insights from integrated network toxicology, molecular docking and bioinformatics data

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Background: The safety of food grains is crucial for human health. Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, and Prothioconazole are widely used triazole fungicides primarily employed in agriculture the control plant diseases, aiming to enhance crop yield quality. Objective: This research aims elucidate potential toxic targets underlying molecular mechanisms brain liver damage induced by exposure three through network toxicology combined with docking bioinformatics data analysis. Method results: Toxicity analysis ADMETlab database showed that toxicity was mainly associated neurotoxicity injury. Systematically utilizing GeneCards, OMIM other databases Cytoscape tools, we identified core (including EGFR, CASP3, ESR1, PPARG, TP53, HSP90AA1, PTGS2) injury or GO KEGG enrichment analyses indicate these pathways related cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, organic cyclic compounds, nitrogen compounds. Molecular simulations conducted using AutoDock confirmed high-affinity binding interactions between key target proteins. Conclusions: study provides a theoretical foundation understanding hepatotoxicity Prothioconazole, while establishing foundational framework development prevention treatment strategies pesticide-associated injuries. Our findings underscore risks pesticides pose health, highlighting need further epidemiological clinical future.

Language: Английский

---

Fomesafen induced ecotoxicological responses, bioaccumulation, and implications for soil ecosystems remediation in three ecotypes earthworms

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 106215 - 106215

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

---