Animal Reproduction Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
269, P. 107547 - 107547
Published: July 5, 2024
Cryopreservation
is
the
most
efficient
procedure
for
long-term
preservation
of
mammalian
sperm;
however,
its
use
not
currently
dominant
boar
sperm
before
artificial
insemination.
In
fact,
freezing
and
thawing
have
an
extensive
detrimental
effect
on
function
lead
to
impaired
fertility.
The
present
work
summarises
basis
structural
functional
impact
cryopreservation
pig
that
been
extensively
studied
in
recent
decades,
as
well
molecular
alterations
are
related
this
damage.
wide
variety
mechanisms
underlying
consequences
expression
levels
modifications
proteins
with
diverse
functions
detailed.
Moreover,
cryotolerance
biomarkers
predictors
potential
resilience
a
sample
process
also
discussed.
Regarding
identified
be
relevant
during
process,
they
classified
according
carry
out
sperm,
including
antioxidant
function,
plasma
membrane
protection,
motility
regulation,
chromatin
structure,
metabolism
mitochondrial
heat-shock
response,
premature
capacitation
sperm-oocyte
binding
fusion.
Special
reference
made
relevance
channels,
their
crucial
withstand
osmotic
shock
cryopreservation.
Finally,
aims
future
research
cryodamage
proposed,
which
might
minimise
side-effects
make
it
more
advantageous
strategy
preservation.
BMC Genomics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(1)
Published: Jan. 22, 2025
The
cryoinjury
of
semen
during
cryopreservation
reduces
sperm
motility,
constraining
the
application
artificial
insemination
(AI)
in
bovine
reproduction.
Some
fertility
markers,
related
to
motility
before
and
after
freezing
have
been
identified.
However,
little
is
known
about
biological
mechanism
through
which
motility.
This
study
investigated
selective
effects
on
high-motility
(HMS)
low-motility
(LMS)
frozen-thawed
from
perspectives
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
mitochondrial
membrane
potential
(MMP),
ATP
levels.
molecular
decreased
caused
by
was
explored
a
joint
analysis
4D-label
free
quantitative
proteomics
non-targeted
metabolomics.
results
indicate
that
low
levels
ROS
high
degrees
MMP
play
critical
role
survival
HMS
process.
samples
LMS
were
analysed
for
metabolomics,
2,465
proteins
4,135
metabolites
detected
samples.
In
contrast
LMS,
106
with
abundance
expression,
79
223
expression.
Proteomics
metabolomics
data
exhibit
highly
expressed
antioxidant
enzymes
can
maintain
regulating
produced
prevent
oxidative
stress
apoptosis.
Furthermore,
KEGG
differential
process
implies
significant
enrichment
glycolysis
cAMP
guarantee
energy
supply.
provided
freezing,
regulate
avoid
signalling
pathway
ensures
production
sustain
Animal Reproduction Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
246, P. 106805 - 106805
Published: July 14, 2021
An
overview
of
the
sperm
metabolism
is
presented;
using
stallion
as
a
model
we
review
glycolysis,
Krebs
Cycle
and
oxidative
phosphorylation,
paying
special
attention
to
interactions
among
them.
In
addition,
implies
series
coordinated
oxidation-reduction
reactions
in
course
these
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
oxoaldehydes
are
produced
;
electron
transport
chain
(ETC)
mitochondria
main
source
anion
superoxide
hydrogen
peroxide,
while
glycolysis
produces
2-oxoaldehydes
such
methylglyoxal
byproducts;
due
adjacent
carbonyl
groups
strong
electrophiles
(steal
electrons
oxidizing
other
compounds).
Sophisticated
mechanisms
exist
maintain
redox
homeostasis,
because
ROS
under
controlled
production
also
have
important
regulatory
functions
spermatozoa.
The
between
essential
for
proper
function,
deregulation
processes
rapidly
leads
malfunction
finally
death.
Lastly,
briefly
describe
two
techniques
that
will
expand
our
knowledge
on
coming
decades,
metabolic
flow
cytometry
use
"omics"
technologies,
proteomics
metabolomics,
specifically
micro
nano
proteomics/metabolomics.
A
better
understanding
spermatozoa
lead
big
improvements
technologies
diagnosis
treatment
male
factor
infertility.
PROTEOMICS,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(14)
Published: May 29, 2024
Abstract
The
mammalian
ejaculate
is
very
well
suited
to
proteomics
studies.
As
such,
research
concerning
sperm
offering
a
huge
amount
of
new
information
on
the
biology
spermatozoa.
Among
domestic
animals,
horses
represent
species
special
interest,
in
which
reproductive
technologies
and
sizeable
market
genetic
material
have
grown
exponentially
last
decade.
Studies
using
proteomic
approaches
been
conducted
recent
years,
showing
that
potent
tool
dig
into
stallion
aim
this
review
present
an
overview
conducted,
how
these
studies
improved
our
knowledge
biology.
main
outcomes
so
far
metabolism,
its
importance
functions,
impact
different
proteome,
identification
potential
biomarkers.
Moreover,
seminal
plasma
phosphoproteomics
are
identified
as
areas
major
interest.
Reproduction,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
164(6), P. F135 - F144
Published: Oct. 18, 2022
The
growing
understanding
of
the
mechanisms
regulating
redox
homeostasis
in
stallion
spermatozoa,
together
with
its
interactions
energetic
metabolism,
is
providing
new
clues
applicable
to
improvement
sperm
conservation
horses.
Based
on
this
knowledge,
extenders,
adapted
biology
are
expected
be
developed
near
future.The
preservation
semen
either
by
refrigeration
or
cryopreservation
a
principal
component
most
animal
breeding
industries.
Although
procedure
has
been
successful
many
species,
others,
substantial
limitations
persist.
In
last
decade,
mechanistic
studies
have
shed
light
molecular
changes
behind
damage
that
spermatozoa
experience
during
preservation.
Most
oxidative,
and
thus
review,
we
aim
provide
an
updated
overview
recent
discoveries
about
how
maintain
homeostasis,
current
procedures
disrupt
regulation
cause
which
affects
viability,
functionality,
fertility
potentially
health
offspring.
We
optimistic
review
will
promote
ideas
for
further
research
improve
technologies,
promoting
translational
wide
scope
applicability
not
only
horses
but
also
other
species
humans.
Authorea (Authorea),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 12, 2024
The
mammalian
ejaculate
is
very
well
suited
for
proteomics
studies.
As
such,
investigations
on
the
sperm
are
offering
a
huge
amount
of
new
information
biology
spermatozoa.
Among
domestic
animals,
horses
represent
special
interest
species,
in
which
reproductive
technologies
and
an
important
market
genetic
material
has
growth
exponentially
last
decade.
Investigations
using
proteomic
approaches
have
been
conducted
recent
years,
showing
that
potent
tool
to
dig
into
stallion
aim
this
review
present
overview
research
conducted,
how
these
studies
improved
our
knowledge
biology.
main
outcomes
so
far
metabolism,
its
importance
functions,
impact
different
proteome,
identification
potential
biomarkers.
Moreover,
seminal
plasma
phosphoproteomics
identified
as
areas
major
interest.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: May 30, 2024
Abstract
Thoroughbred
stallions
that
carry
a
double-homozygous
genotype
A/A-A/A
for
SNPs
rs397316122
and
rs69101140
in
exon
5
of
the
FKBP6
gene
(chr13;
EquCab3.0)
are
uniquely
subfertile
due
to
impaired
acrosomal
exocytosis
(IAE).
In
this
study,
sperm
proteome
frozen/thawed
semen
from
was
studied
compared
fertile
stallions.
A
total
2,220
proteins
identified,
which
140
were
found
be
differentially
abundant
(83
less
57
more
abundant).
Proteins
differential
abundance
mainly
overrepresented
“metabolism”
“metabolism
lipids”
pathways.
One
these
proteins,
arylsulfatase
F
(ARSF),
by
immunofluorescence.
lower
proportion
displaying
ARSF
signal
at
acrosome
region
observed
addition,
heterologous
zona
pellucida
binding
assays
revealed
bound
zonae
pellucidae
than
conclusion,
group
including
some
origin,
identified
with
dysfunction.
Antioxidants and Redox Signaling,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
37(7-9), P. 521 - 537
Published: Feb. 19, 2022
Significance:
Proper
functionality
of
the
spermatozoa
depends
on
tight
regulation
their
redox
status;
at
same
time
these
cells
are
highly
energy
demanding
and
in
energetic
metabolism,
principally
electron
transport
chain
mitochondria,
reactive
oxygen
species
continuously
produced,
addition
to
that
observed
Krebs
cycle
during
β-oxidation
fatty
acids.
Recent
Advances:
In
addition,
glycolysis,
elimination
phosphate
groups
from
glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
dihydroxyacetone
results
byproducts
glyoxal
(G)
methylglyoxal
(MG);
products
2-oxoaldehydes.
The
presence
adjacent
carbonyl
makes
them
strong
electrophiles
react
with
nucleophiles
proteins,
lipids,
DNA,
forming
advanced
glycation
end
products.
Critical
Issues:
This
mechanism
is
behind
subfertility
diabetic
patients;
animal
breeding
industry,
commercial
extenders
for
stallion
semen
contain
a
supraphysiological
concentration
glucose
promotes
MG
production,
constituting
potential
model
interest.
Future
Directions:
Increasing
our
knowledge
sperm
metabolism
its
interactions
may
improve
current
technologies
use,
shall
provide
new
clues
understanding
infertility
males.
Moreover,
due
accessibility,
intense
suitability
proteomics/metabolomic
studies
constitute
suitable
studying
between
homeostasis.
Antioxid.
Redox
Signal.
37,
521-537.
Journal of Proteomics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
247, P. 104335 - 104335
Published: July 21, 2021
Even
in
stallions
with
sperm
quality
within
normal
reference
ranges
at
ejaculation,
subtle
differences
exist
that
many
cases
lead
to
reduced
time
frames
for
conservation
of
the
ejaculate
and/or
fertility.
The
spermatozoon
is
a
cell
highly
suitable
proteomics
studies,
and
use
this
technique
allowing
rapid
advances
understanding
biology.
aim
present
study
was
investigate
among
variable
(based
on
motility
velocities),
although
all
horses
had
characteristics
ranges.
proteome
studied
using
UHPLC/MS/MS
posterior
bioinformatic
enrichment
analysis;
data
are
available
via
ProteomeXchange
identifier
PXD025807.
Sperm
motility,
linear
circular,
straight
line
average
velocities
(VCL,
VSL,
VAP)
were
measured
computer
assisted
analysis
(CASA).
In
showing
better
percentages
circular
velocity
predominated
mitochondrial
proteins
roles
Citric
acid
cycle,
pyruvate
metabolism
oxidative
phosphorylation.
Interestingly,
total
also
enriched
gene
ontology
(G0)
terms,
single
fertilization
(G0:
0007338),
0009566),
zona
pellucida
receptor
complex
(GO:0002199).
samples
may
offer
molecular
explanation
link
between
parameter
Proteomic
identified
high
degree
specificity
stallion
discriminant
power
VAP
VSL).
These
findings
represent
an
interesting
outcome
relation
biology
regulating
movement
spermatozoa,
biological
meaning
measurements
(CASA)
provide.
Of
903
24
related
percentage
sample;
interestingly,
revealed
these
terms
like
fertilization,
providing
Field
studies
indicate
CASA
derived
best
correlation
fertility
stallions.
