Vitrimers: Current research trends and their emerging applications

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 51, P. 586 - 625

Published: July 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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Ultra-thin self-healing vitrimer coatings for durable hydrophobicity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Abstract Durable hydrophobic materials have attracted considerable interest in the last century. Currently, most popular strategy to achieve coating durability is through combination of a perfluoro-compound with mechanically robust matrix form composite for protection. The structure typically large (thicker than 10 μm), difficult scale arbitrary materials, and incompatible applications requiring nanoscale thickness such as heat transfer, water harvesting, desalination. Here, we demonstrate durable hydrophobicity superhydrophobicity nanoscale-thick, perfluorinated compound-free polydimethylsiloxane vitrimers that are self-healing due exchange network strands. vitrimer thin film maintains excellent optical transparency after scratching, cutting, indenting. We show can be deposited scalable dip-coating on variety substrates. In contrast previous work achieving thick coatings by passively stacking protective structures, this presents pathway ultra-thin (thinner 100 nm) films.

Language: Английский

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Structure–Reactivity–Property Relationships in Covalent Adaptable Networks

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 144(49), P. 22358 - 22377

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Polymer networks built out of dynamic covalent bonds offer the potential to translate control and tunability chemical reactions macroscopic physical properties. Under conditions at which these occur, topology adaptable (CANs) can rearrange, meaning that they flow, self-heal, be remolded, respond stimuli. Materials with properties are necessary fields ranging from sustainability tissue engineering; thus time scale network rearrangement must compatible intended use. The mechanical CANs based on thermodynamics kinetics their constituent bonds. Therefore, strategies needed connect molecular worlds. In this Perspective, we analyze structure-reactivity-property relationships for several classes CANs, illustrating both general design principles predictive linear free energy (LFERs) applied CANs. We discuss opportunities in field develop quantitative open challenges.

Language: Английский

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A Highly Dynamic Covalent Polymer Network without Creep: Mission Impossible?

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(48)

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

Dynamic covalent polymer networks provide an interesting solution to the challenging recyclability of thermosets and elastomers. One remaining design constraints, however, is balancing thermal reprocessability in form material flow with dimensional stability during use. As a result, many chemistries are being investigated order improve bond reactivity control robustness. This Minireview highlights number promising concepts, particular emphasis on disconnecting chemical low high temperature regimes obtain creep resistant, yet highly dynamic networks. In addition, we will highlight impact sharp changes when applying extrapolation-based approaches rheological analysis. confident that abandoning myth "permanent" aid development sustainable polymeric materials can truly combine benefits thermoplastic thermoset behaviour.

Language: Английский

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Biobased Transesterification Vitrimers

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(7)

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract The rapid increase in the use of plastics and related sustainability issues, including depletion global petroleum reserves, have rightly sparked interest biobased polymer feedstocks. Thermosets cannot be remolded, processed, or recycled, hence reused because their permanent molecular architecture. Vitrimers emerged as a novel family capable bridging difference between thermoplastic thermosets. enable unique recycling strategies, however, it is still important to understand where raw material feedstocks originate from. Transesterification vitrimers derived from renewable resources are massive opportunity, limited research has been conducted this specific vitrimers. This review article provides comprehensive overview transesterification produced monomers. focus on biomass structural suitability with dynamic covalent chemistry, well viability synthetic methods.

Language: Английский

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Epoxy Adhesives with Reversible Hardeners: Controllable Thermal Debonding in Bulk and at Interfaces

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(31)

Published: May 18, 2023

Abstract On‐demand adhesive dismantling has the potential to improve multimaterial product recycling, but its implementation been hampered by a critical trade‐off between strong bonding and easy debonding. As result, temperature range in which these temporary adhesives can be used is relatively limited. Here, new class of dynamic epoxy resins reported that significantly extends this upper limit still achieves fast Specifically, two types polyamidoamine curing agents for hardening are developed, being polysuccinamides (PSA) polyglutaramides (PGA). debonding/rebonding process PSA especially PGA linkages more thermally demanding at same time robust than previously covalent systems, resulting materials triggered high temperatures, remain bonded over wide range. The versatility system demonstrated classical bulk formulations, as well linking PSA‐ or PGA‐functionalized surface. an attractive drop‐in strategy achieved producing debondable rebondable adhesives, with complementarity existing resin technologies applicable industrially relevant window.

Language: Английский

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A tutorial review of linear rheology for polymer chemists: basics and best practices for covalent adaptable networks

Polymer Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 815 - 846

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This tutorial review of linear viscoelasticity is targeted at polymer chemists working with covalent adaptable networks. It provides an overview concepts, analysis, misconceptions, and best practices for rheological experiments.

Language: Английский

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Advances and New Opportunities in the Rheology of Physically and Chemically Reversible Polymers

Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(3), P. 697 - 714

Published: Dec. 18, 2021

The advances in understanding the dynamics of both physically and chemically reversible networks are summarized from a rheological perspective. focus is placed on linear viscoelasticity, which related to thermodynamics kinetics at quasi-equilibrium states. We first explain basic assumptions predictions reversible-network theories, including gelation, sticky-Rouse, sticky-reptation theories. then summarize dynamic features state-of-the-art materials that have not been fully incorporated into current theoretical framework: (1) cooperative motion nearby stickers significantly increases dissociation energy networks, (2) degree gelation becomes highly T-dependent when Gibbs free approaches thermal for (3) exchange rate cross-links reaction-controlled depends chemical species concentrations reactants. Finally, some pathways future development suggested.

Language: Английский

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Rheology of vitrimers

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

We describe the full rheology profile of vitrimers, from small deformation (linear) to large (non-linear) viscoelastic behaviour, providing concise analytical expressions assist experimental data analysis, and also clarify emerging insights rheological concepts in subject. identify elastic-plastic transition at a time scale comparable life-time exchangeable bonds vitrimer network, propose new method deduce material parameters using Master Curves. At plastic creep, we strain thinning when is subjected constant stress or force, suggest another characterize creep curves. investigate partial vitrimers including permanent sub-network an where bond exchange occurs. In such materials can exhibit either thickening, depending on applied load, present phase diagram this response.

Language: Английский

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Vitrimers: Using Dynamic Associative Bonds to Control Viscoelasticity, Assembly, and Functionality in Polymer Networks

ACS Macro Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 475 - 483

Published: March 21, 2022

Vitrimers have been investigated in the past decade for their promise as recyclable, reprocessable, and self-healing materials. In this Viewpoint, we focus on some of key open questions that remain regarding how molecular-scale chemistry impacts macroscopic physical chemistry. The ability to design temperature-dependent complex viscoelastic spectra with independent control viscosity modulus based knowledge dynamic bond polymer is first discussed. Next, role covalent self-assembly highlighted context crystallization nanophase separation. Finally, exchange manipulate molecular transport viscoelasticity discussed various applications. Future directions leveraging provide insights fundamental physics well imparting functionality into polymers are all three these areas.

Language: Английский

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