The detection, biological function, and liquid biopsy application of extracellular vesicle-associated DNA DOI Creative Commons

Shan Qi Guo,

Xin Wang,

Danni Shan

et al.

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry diverse biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and lipids reflecting their cell of origin, are released under both physiological pathological conditions. EVs have been demonstrated to mediate cell-to-cell communication serve biomarkers. EV-associated DNA (EV-DNA) comprises genomic mitochondrial (i.e., gDNA mtDNA) fragments. Some studies revealed that EV-DNA can represent the full nuclear genome parental cells. Furthermore, fragments loaded into stable be transferred recipient cells regulate biological functions. In this review, we summarized discussed research advances with an emphasis on detection at population-EV single-EV levels, gene transfer-associated functions, clinical applications biomarkers for disease liquid biopsy. We hope review will provide potential directions or guidance future investigations.

Language: Английский

Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Exosomal microRNA Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases DOI Creative Commons

Jiacheng Yu,

Runzhi Zhou,

Shan Liu

et al.

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 9, 2025

Early and precise diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's (AD) Parkinson's (PD) is crucial for slowing their progression enhancing patient outcomes. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers due to ability reflect the diseases' pathology, yet low abundance poses significant detection hurdles. This review article delves into burgeoning field electrochemical biosensors, designed exosomal miRNA biomarkers. Electrochemical biosensors offer a compelling solution, combining sensitivity required detect low-abundance with specificity needed discern profiles distinctive neural pathological states. We explore operational principles these including transduction mechanisms that facilitate detection. The also summarizes advancements in nanotechnology, signal enhancement, bioreceptor anchoring, microfluidic integration improve sensor accuracy. evidence use disease analyzed, focusing on clinical impact, diagnostic precision, obstacles faced practical applications. Their potential point-of-care testing regulatory considerations market entry discussed. Looking toward future, highlights forthcoming innovations might revolutionize early processes. impressive sensitivity, specificity, compatibility, track become instrumental diseases, possibly transforming care prognosis.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Tumor Microenvironment-Derived Exosomes: A Double-Edged Sword for Advanced T Cell-Based Immunotherapy DOI
Ye Lu,

Jiarong Zheng,

Pei Lin

et al.

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and immune evasion, partially mediated by the activity of TME-derived exosomes. These extracellular vesicles are pivotal shaping responses through transfer proteins, lipids, nucleic acids between cells, facilitating complex interplay that promotes growth metastasis. This review delves into dual roles exosomes TME, highlighting both their immunosuppressive functions emerging therapeutic potential. Exosomes can inhibit T cell function promote escape carrying immune-modulatory molecules, such as PD-L1, yet they also hold promise for therapy vehicles delivering antigens costimulatory signals. Additionally, discusses intricate crosstalk among various types within influencing to immunotherapies. Moreover, this highlights current challenges future directions. Collectively, elucidating detailed mechanisms which mediate offers promising avenue revolutionizing treatment. Understanding these interactions allows development targeted therapies manipulate exosomal pathways enhance system's response tumors.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Isolation and detection strategies for decoding the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles DOI
Shiming Wang, Dan Wang, Yuqing Shen

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 160234 - 160234

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Development of a Microfluidic System for Mitochondrial Extraction, Purification, and Analysis DOI

Rukhsar Ajmal,

Weisen Zhang,

Hui Liu

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Mitochondria, as essential cellular organelles, play a key role in numerous diseases, from neurodegenerative disorders to cancer and rare conditions. The extraction of mitochondria cells has many applications disease diagnosis, pathological research, emerging mitochondrial transplantation therapy (MTT). Recent advancements microfluidic-on-chip systems offer promising improvements by enabling high-throughput processing, precise control, flexibility while facilitating integration with other devices platforms. Despite growing interest microfluidic (MME), there is lack comprehensive reviews on the latest developments this field. This review aims summarize recent well advantages limitations MME, providing deeper insights into microfluidic-based approaches for extraction, purification, analysis.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dielectrophoresis Low and High Crossover Frequencies of Cancerous Exosomes DOI Open Access
Michihiko Nakano, Ryu Nakabayashi,

Rie Koyama

et al.

Electrophoresis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 6, 2025

Exosomes, which constitute a subclass of extracellular vesicles found in various body fluids, play crucial role intercellular communication. Exosomes consist matter derived from their host, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and membrane proteins. Cancer cell-derived exosomes have cancer-specific molecules are the fluids. As such, they highly useful liquid biopsies for cancer diagnosis. For diagnosis, rapid simple determination sampled is important. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) manipulation has potential use biopsies. DEP behavior based on variations not been well investigated. In this study, dielectrophoretic characteristics four cell lines were investigated: MCF-7, PC-3, HT-29, COLO 201. The crossover frequencies these determined by directly observing behaviors at suspension medium conductivities. Each exosome type exhibited distinct characteristics, with significant differences lower linked to properties inner conductivity. A single-shell dielectric model was used estimate physical parameters exosomes, aligning experimental results. These findings highlight specific separation, enabling exosome-based

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recent Advancements in Microfluidic Biosensors for Clinical Applications DOI Creative Commons
Haiyan Wang, Wenjuan Wu

iLABMED, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

ABSTRACT The combination of low‐consumption microfluidic chips and high‐sensitivity biosensors enables rapid accurate detection complex target analytes. This integrated system holds significant potential for applications in disease diagnosis, health monitoring, treatment management. Advances novel biomaterials have led to device integration into wearable implantable systems point‐of‐care testing. Here, we review recent advances clinical detecting nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, pathogens, cellular components. We outline the prospects devices based on analysis biofluids such as sweat discuss remaining challenges facing application biosensors.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exosomes as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Insights and Future Directions DOI Creative Commons

Sam Dehghani,

Ozgecan Ocakcı,

Pars Tan Hatipoglu

et al.

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and ALS rank among the most challenging global health issues, marked by substantial obstacles in early diagnosis effective treatment. Current diagnostic techniques frequently demonstrate inadequate sensitivity specificity, whilst conventional treatment strategies encounter challenges related to restricted bioavailability insufficient blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Recently, exosomes—nanoscale vesicles packed with proteins, RNAs, lipids—have emerged as promising agents potential reshape therapeutic approaches these diseases. Unlike drug carriers, they naturally traverse BBB can deliver bioactive molecules affected neural cells. Their molecular cargo influence cell signaling, reduce neuroinflammation, potentially slow neurodegenerative progression. Moreover, exosomes serve non-invasive biomarkers, enabling precise while allowing real-time disease monitoring. Additionally, engineered exosomes, loaded molecules, enhance this capability targeting diseased neurons overcoming barriers. By offering enhanced reduced immunogenicity, an ability bypass physiological limitations, exosome-based present a transformative advantage over existing approaches. This review examines multifaceted role of NDDs, emphasizing their capabilities, intrinsic functions, advanced vehicles.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Biosensor-based methods for exosome detection with applications to disease diagnosis DOI

Weikang Ge,

Zheying Mu,

Shiao Yang

et al.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117362 - 117362

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Extracellular Vesicles: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer DOI Creative Commons
Maria Antonietta Di Bella, Simona Taverna

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 716 - 716

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

In recent years, knowledge of cell-released extracellular vesicle (EV) functions has undergone rapid growth. EVs are membrane vesicles loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and bioactive molecules. Once released into the space, delivered to target cells that may go through modifications in physiological or pathological conditions. nano shuttles a crucial role promoting short- long-distance cell-cell communication. Comprehension mechanism regulates this process is benefit for both medicine basic science. Currently, attract immense interest precision nanomedicine their potential use diagnosis, prognosis, therapies. This review reports latest advances EV studies, focusing on nature features conventional emerging methodologies used separation, characterization, visualization. By searching an extended portion relevant literature, work aims give summary nanomedical applications EVs. Moreover, concerns require further studies before translation clinical discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The detection, biological function, and liquid biopsy application of extracellular vesicle-associated DNA DOI Creative Commons

Shan Qi Guo,

Xin Wang,

Danni Shan

et al.

Biomarker Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry diverse biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and lipids reflecting their cell of origin, are released under both physiological pathological conditions. EVs have been demonstrated to mediate cell-to-cell communication serve biomarkers. EV-associated DNA (EV-DNA) comprises genomic mitochondrial (i.e., gDNA mtDNA) fragments. Some studies revealed that EV-DNA can represent the full nuclear genome parental cells. Furthermore, fragments loaded into stable be transferred recipient cells regulate biological functions. In this review, we summarized discussed research advances with an emphasis on detection at population-EV single-EV levels, gene transfer-associated functions, clinical applications biomarkers for disease liquid biopsy. We hope review will provide potential directions or guidance future investigations.

Language: Английский

Citations

2