Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(10), P. 441 - 441
Published: Sept. 26, 2024
Since
the
2005
discovery
of
first
enzyme
capable
depolymerizing
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET),
an
aromatic
polyester
once
thought
to
be
enzymatically
inert,
extensive
research
has
been
undertaken
identify
and
engineer
new
biocatalysts
for
plastic
degradation.
This
effort
was
directed
toward
developing
efficient
enzymatic
recycling
technologies
that
could
overcome
limitations
mechanical
chemical
methods.
These
enzymes
are
versatile
molecules
obtained
from
microorganisms
living
in
various
environments,
including
soil,
compost,
surface
seawater,
extreme
habitats
such
as
hot
springs,
hydrothermal
vents,
deep-sea
regions,
Antarctic
seawater.
Among
plastics,
PET
polylactic
acid
(PLA)
have
primary
focus
depolymerization
research,
greatly
enhancing
our
knowledge
degrade
these
specific
polymers.
They
often
display
unique
catalytic
properties
reflect
their
particular
ecological
niches.
review
explores
recent
advancements
marine-derived
can
depolymerize
synthetic
polymers,
emphasizing
structural
functional
features
influence
efficiency
catalysts
biorecycling
processes.
Current
status
future
perspectives
also
discussed,
with
a
on
underexplored
marine
resources.
Catalysts,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 147 - 147
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Protein
engineering
has
emerged
as
a
transformative
field
in
industrial
biotechnology,
enabling
the
optimization
of
enzymes
to
meet
stringent
demands
for
stability,
specificity,
and
efficiency.
This
review
explores
principles
methodologies
protein
engineering,
emphasizing
rational
design,
directed
evolution,
semi-rational
approaches,
recent
integration
machine
learning.
These
strategies
have
significantly
enhanced
enzyme
performance,
even
rendering
engineered
PETase
industrially
relevant.
Insights
from
PETases
underscore
potential
tackle
environmental
challenges,
such
advancing
sustainable
plastic
recycling,
paving
way
innovative
solutions
biocatalysis.
Future
directions
point
interdisciplinary
collaborations
emerging
learning
technologies
revolutionize
design.
Nano Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(31), P. 9768 - 9775
Published: July 26, 2024
Excessive
production
of
waste
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
poses
an
ecological
challenge,
which
necessitates
developing
technologies
to
extract
the
values
from
end-of-life
PET.
Upcycling
has
proven
effective
in
addressing
low
profitability
current
recycling
strategies,
yet
existing
upcycling
operate
under
energy-intensive
conditions.
Here
we
report
a
cascade
strategy
steer
transformation
PET
into
glycolate
overall
yield
92.6%
ambient
The
approach
involves
setting
up
robust
hydrolase
with
95.6%
depolymerization
ethylene
glycol
(EG)
monomer
within
12
h,
followed
by
electrochemical
process
initiated
CO-tolerant
Pd/Ni(OH)
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
108(1)
Published: July 2, 2024
Abstract
Polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
is
a
major
component
of
plastic
waste.
Enzymatic
PET
hydrolysis
the
most
ecofriendly
recycling
technology.
The
biorecycling
waste
requires
complete
depolymerization
to
and
ethylene
glycol.
history
enzymatic
has
revealed
two
critical
issues
for
industrial
PET:
industrially
available
hydrolases
pretreatment
make
it
susceptible
full
hydrolysis.
As
none
wild-type
enzymes
can
satisfy
requirements
industrialization,
various
mutational
improvements
have
been
performed,
through
classical
technology
state-of-the-art
computational/machine-learning
Recent
engineering
studies
on
brought
new
insight
that
flexibility
substrate-binding
groove
may
improve
efficiency
while
maintaining
sufficient
thermostability,
although
previous
focused
only
thermostability
above
glass
transition
temperature
PET.
Industrial
scheduled
be
implemented,
using
micronized
amorphous
Next
stage
must
development
efficiently
degrade
crystalline
parts
expansion
target
materials,
not
bottles
but
also
textiles,
packages,
microplastics.
This
review
discusses
current
status
hydrolases,
their
potential
applications,
profespectal
goals.
Key
points
•
thermophilic,
operation
below
70
°C
Classical
approaches
are
useful
Enzyme
activity
expected
future
Graphical
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 2, 2025
Abstract
Enzymatic
degradation
of
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
represents
a
sustainable
approach
to
reducing
plastic
waste
and
protecting
fossil
resources.
The
cost
efficiency
enzymatic
PET
processes
could
be
substantially
improved
by
reusing
the
enzymes.
However,
conventional
immobilisation
strategies,
such
as
binding
porous
carriers,
are
challenging
immobilised
enzyme
can
only
interact
with
macromolecular
solid
substrate
limited
extent,
thus
efficiency.
To
mitigate
this
challenge,
work
compared
different
strategies
PET-degrading
cutinase
ICCG
DAQI
.
Immobilisation
approaches
included
fixation
via
linkers
synthesis
cross-linked
aggregates
porosities,
on
stimulus-responsive
polymers.
highest
efficiencies
were
obtained
pH-responsive
material
Kollicoat
®
,
where
80%
initial
activity
recovered
after
immobilisation.
Degradation
textile
fibres
cutinase-Kollicoat
immobilisate
was
investigated
in
batch
reactions
1
L-scale.
In
three
consecutive
reaction
cycles,
product
yield
released
terephthalic
acid
exceeded
97%
less
than
14
h.
Even
fifth
cycle,
78%
maximum
achieved
same
time.
An
advantage
process
is
efficient
pH-dependent
recovery
reaction,
which
integrates
seamlessly
into
lowering
pH
hydrolysis.
This
integration
therefore
not
simplifies
downstream
processing,
but
also
provides
cost-effective
resource-efficient
solution
for
both
reuse
separation
degradation,
making
it
promising
industrial
application.
