Toxics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(10), P. 723 - 723
Published: Oct. 4, 2024
Toxicity
mechanisms
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFASs),
a
chemical
class
present
in
diverse
ecosystems,
as
well
many
their
precursors,
have
been
increasingly
characterized
aquatic
species.
Perfluorooctanesulfonamide
(PFOSA,
C8H2F17NO2S)
is
common
precursor
perfluorooctane
sulfonic
acid
(PFOS),
long-chain
PFAS.
Here,
we
assessed
sub-lethal
endpoints
related
to
development,
oxidative
stress,
transcript
levels,
distance
moved
zebrafish
embryos
larvae
following
continuous
exposure
PFOSA
beginning
at
6
h
post-fertilization
(hpf).
decreased
survival
fish
treated
with
1
µg/L
PFOSA;
however,
the
effect
was
modest
relative
controls
(difference
10%).
Exposure
up
10
did
not
affect
hatch
rate,
nor
it
induce
ROS
7-day-old
fish.
The
activity
larval
100
reduced
solvent
control.
Transcripts
stress
response
apoptosis
were
measured
BCL2-associated
X,
regulator
(bax),
cytochrome
c,
somatic
(cycs),
catalase
(cat),
superoxide
dismutase
2
(sod2)
induced
high
concentrations
PFOSA.
Genes
neurotoxicity
also
levels
acetylcholinesterase
(ache),
elav-like
RNA
binding
protein
3
(elavl3),
growth-associated
43
(gap43),
synapsin
II
(syn2a),
tubulin
(tubb3)
all
increased
higher
exposure.
These
data
improve
our
understanding
potential
toxicity
Eco-Environment & Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(2), P. 183 - 191
Published: March 4, 2024
Dihalogenated
nitrophenols
(2,6-DHNPs),
an
emerging
group
of
aromatic
disinfection
byproducts
(DBPs)
detected
in
drinking
water,
have
limited
available
information
regarding
their
persistence
and
toxicological
risks.
The
present
study
found
that
2,6-DHNPs
are
resistant
to
major
water
treatment
processes
(sedimentation
filtration)
households
methods
(boiling,
filtration,
microwave
irradiation,
ultrasonic
cleaning).
To
further
assess
health
risks,
we
conducted
a
series
toxicology
studies
using
zebrafish
embryos
as
the
model
organism.
Our
findings
reveal
these
showed
lethal
toxicity
248
times
greater
than
regulated
DBP,
dichloroacetic
acid.
Specifically,
at
sublethal
concentrations,
exposure
generated
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
caused
apoptosis,
inhibited
cardiac
looping,
induced
failure
zebrafish.
Remarkably,
use
ROS
scavenger,
N-acetyl-L-cysteine,
considerably
mitigated
adverse
effects,
emphasizing
ROS'
essential
role
2,6-DHNP-induced
cardiotoxicity.
highlight
cardiotoxic
potential
even
low
concentrations
19
μg/L
beneficial
effect
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
alleviating
This
underscores
urgent
need
for
increased
scrutiny
compounds
public
discussions.
Nanoplastics
(NPs)
pose
potential
ecological
and
health
impacts.
While
previous
studies
have
highlighted
inconsistent
toxicity
levels
of
NPs,
knowledge
remains
limited
about
the
specific
effects
different
NPs
on
embryonic
development,
early
life-stage
behaviors,
bodily
uptake.
This
study
examines
polystyrene
(PS-NPs)
with
surface
charges,
plain
(PS),
amino-modified
(PS-NH2),
carboxyl-modified
(PS-COOH)
zebrafish
life
stages.
High-resolution
3D
bioimaging
confirmed
differential
internalization:
PS-COOH
accumulated
in
yolk
intestine,
while
PS-NH2
localized
mainly
intestine.
PS-NPs
up
to
10
ppm
did
not
significantly
affect
mortality
or
hatching
rates,
likely
due
effective
dialysis,
minimizing
toxic
chemical
leaching.
PS-NP
exposure
led
noninflated
swim
bladders
affected
swimming.
RNA
sequencing
identified
impacted
neurological
molecular
pathways
like
circadian
rhythm
visual
function;
weighted
gene
coexpression
network
analysis
indicated
strong
correlations
between
key
modules
phenotypic
traits
eye
development
dopamine
level.
We
highlight
low
acute
clean
dialyzed
despite
uptake
surface-charge-dependent
sublethal
neurotoxicity.
Overall,
induced
significant
individual-level
effects,
charged
caused
stronger
molecular-level
alterations;
profiles
varied
across
biological
levels,
complicating
hazard
assessment
underscoring
need
for
population-level
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
277, P. 116359 - 116359
Published: April 24, 2024
2,6-Dihalogenated
nitrophenols
(2,6-DHNPs)
are
emerging
halogenated
nitroaromatic
pollutants
that
have
been
detected
in
various
water
environments.
However,
there
is
currently
limited
research
available
regarding
their
potential
impacts
on
locomotion
behavior
and
neurotoxicity.
Therefore,
this
study
utilized
zebrafish
embryos
to
investigate
the
neurotoxic
effects
of
2,6-DHNPs
by
examining
impact
nervous
system
at
a
concentration
defined
as
10%
median
lethal
concentration.
Our
findings
demonstrated
exposure
resulted
significant
30
%
decrease
total
swimming
distance
larvae,
accompanied
notable
impairments
motor
neuron
development
central
system.
These
were
evidenced
substantial
25%
axonal
growth,
well
disruptions
synapse
formation
neuronal
differentiation.
Additionally,
neurotransmitter
analysis
revealed
marked
decreases
40%,
35%,
30%
dopamine,
5-hydroxytryptamine,
acetylcholine
levels
respectively,
highlighting
disturbances
synthesis,
transport,
degradation
mechanisms.
results
emphasize
considerable
neurotoxicity
concentrations
previously
considered
safe;
thus
necessitating
re-evaluation
environmental
risk
assessments
regulatory
standards
for
such
contaminants.
Toxics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 341 - 341
Published: May 7, 2024
In
this
study,
a
semi-static
water
exposure
method
was
employed
to
investigate
the
early
developmental
and
neurotoxic
effects
of
four
benzothiazole
substances
(BTHs),
namely
(BTH),
2-mercaptobenzothiazole
(MBT),
2-hydroxybenzothiazole
(BTON),
2-aminobenzothiazole
(2-ABTH),
on
zebrafish
at
an
equimolar
concentration
10
μM.
The
findings
revealed
that
all
BTHs
exerted
certain
impacts
development
in
zebrafish.
MBT
stimulated
spontaneous
movement
juvenile
zebrafish,
whereas
BTON
inhibited
such
movements.
Moreover,
hindered
hatching
process
larvae,
with
exhibiting
strongest
inhibition
24
h
post-fertilization
(hpf).
Notably,
acted
as
melanin
inhibitor
by
suppressing
production
eyes
weakening
phototaxis.
Additionally,
both
BTH
exhibited
significantly
lower
speeds
than
control
group
other
test
groups
under
conditions
without
bright
field
stimulation;
however,
their
increased
average
levels
after
percussion
stimulation,
indicating
no
significant
alteration
motor
ability
among
experimental
groups.
Short-term
these
types
induced
oxidative
damage
larvae;
specifically,
BTH-,
MBT-,
BTON-exposed
displayed
abnormal
expression
patterns
genes
related
damage.
Exposure
led
reduced
fluorescence
intensity
transgenic
labeled
central
nervous
system
markers,
suggesting
development.
Furthermore,
real-time
quantitative
PCR
results
demonstrated
gene
associated
neural
However,
changes
were
observed
2-ABTH
concentration.
Overall
indicate
short-term
stimulates
neurodevelopmental
accompanied
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
280, P. 116529 - 116529
Published: June 5, 2024
The
contamination
of
water
by
arsenic
(As)
has
emerged
as
a
significant
environmental
concern
due
to
its
well-documented
toxicity.
Environmentally
relevant
concentrations
As
have
been
reported
pose
considerable
threat
fish.
However,
previous
studies
mainly
focused
on
the
impacts
at
environmentally
adult
fish,
and
limited
information
is
available
regarding
fish
early
life
stage.
In
this
study,
zebrafish
embryos
were
employed
evaluate
risks
following
exposure
different
(0,
25,
50,
75
150
μg/L)
pentavalent
arsenate
(AsV)
for
120
hours
post
fertilization.
Our
findings
indicated
that
≤
μg/L
AsV
did
not
exert
effects
survival
or
aberration;
however,
it
conspicuously
inhibited
heart
rate
larvae.
Furthermore,
significantly
disrupted
mRNA
transcription
genes
associated
with
cardiac
development,
elongated
distance
between
sinus
venosus
bulbus
arteriosus
treatments.
Additionally,
enhanced
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)
activity
treatments,
increased
transcriptional
levels
Cu/ZnSOD
MnSOD
Concurrently,
suppressed
metallothionein1
(MT1)
MT2
transcriptions
while
elevating
heat
shock
protein70
in
larvae
resulting
elevated
malondialdehyde
(MDA)
levels.
These
provide
novel
insights
into
toxic
exerted
low
stage,
thereby
contributing
an
exploration
concentrations.