Fungal infection monitoring on corneal epithelium ex vivo model and its collection over polyethersulfone membrane for detecting Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus
Sarp Orgul,
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Ángela Bedoya,
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Víctor Pérez
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et al.
Medical Microbiology and Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
214(1)
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
In
this
paper
we
report
a
human
ex
vivo
model
of
Aspergillus
fumigatus
and
Candida
albicans
infection
the
cornea.
We
demonstrate
ability
to
monitor
fungal
growth
on
cornea
through
optical
immunofluorescence
microscopy.
Additionally,
establish
method
for
collection
antigens
in
polyethersulfone
(PES)
membrane-based
sample
collectors
from
surface
inoculated
corneas.
Immunofluorescence
microscopy
was
performed
directly
both
corneal
tissue
PES
membrane
collectors.
For
latter
case,
devised
an
original
ad-hoc
by
attaching
membranes
used
standard
glass
slides,
which
call
slide
KIT.
This
enabled
easy
handling
improved
efficiency
specifically
recognizing
corresponding
infections
simple
immunoassay
protocols.
As
result,
firstly
observe
fungi
tissue,
secondly
adsorption
onto
membranes.
Thus,
first
time
specific
detection
use
based
KITs
immunofluorescence,
as
alternative
microbiological
culture.
Language: Английский
Macrophomina phaseolina: A Phytopathogen Associated with Human Ocular Infections—A Case Report of Endophthalmitis and Systematic Review of Human Infections
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 430 - 430
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
Background:
Macrophomina
phaseolina
is
an
important
phytopathogenic
fungus
affecting
over
500
plant
species
worldwide.
However,
this
rarely
causes
disease
in
humans.
Methods:
We
reported
the
first
case
of
endophthalmitis
due
to
M.
phaseolina,
describing
microbiological
diagnostic
approaches.
Also,
we
performed
a
systematic
review
human
infections
by
pathogen
literature.
searched
PubMed,
Scopus,
and
Web
Science
databases
from
inception
31
December
2024.
Results:
Our
involved
male
patient
who
presented
with
photophobia
pain
his
right
eye.
His
recent
medical
history
revealed
superficial
corneal
injury
caused
metal
burr
three
months
prior,
managed
unsuccessfully
topical
treatment
subsequent
conjunctival
flap
surgery
two
later.
Ophthalmological
investigations,
including
microscopic
examination,
cultures,
DNA
sequencing
ocular
specimens,
endophthalmitis.
Despite
intravenous
intravitreal
antifungal
therapy,
patient’s
condition
continued
worsen,
eventually
leading
enucleation.
Regarding
literature
review,
identified
12
additional
cases
previously
Overall,
was
primarily
associated
(76.9%
cases),
followed
skin
combined
skin–joint
infections.
The
majority
patients
infection
(63.6%)
had
no
known
immunosuppressive
factors.
Clinical
outcomes
were
unfavorable
46.15%
cases.
Conclusions:
emerging
cause
infections,
even
immunocompetent
hosts,
predilection
for
Further
research
warranted
elucidate
pathogenesis
fungal
pathogens
Language: Английский
A Novel HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Natamycin and Voriconazole for Ocular Drug Delivery Applications
Velmurugan Kailasam,
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Oindrilla Dasgupta,
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Tamizhmathy Mannangatty
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et al.
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 116705 - 116705
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Inhibition of LRRK2 Ameliorates Aspergillus fumigatus Keratitis by Regulating STING Signaling Pathways
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
66(2), P. 13 - 13
Published: Feb. 5, 2025
Purpose:
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
to
investigate
the
role
LRRK2
in
inflammatory
response
fungal
keratitis
(FK)
and
elucidate
underlying
mechanisms.
Methods:
protein
levels
leucine-rich
repeat
kinase
2
(LRRK2),
p-LRRK2,
stimulator
interferon
genes
(STING)-related
proteins
were
assessed
by
western
blot
analysis.
ELISA
quantitative
real-time
polymerase
chain
reaction
(qRT-PCR)
employed
evaluate
induced
Aspergillus
fumigatus.
Mass
spectrometry
performed
identify
interaction
partners
LRRK2.
glutathione
S-transferase
(GST)
pull-down
assay
co-immunoprecipitation
(co-IP)
used
verify
between
STING.
Additionally,
load
determinations
clinical
score
assessments
conducted
determine
corneal
infection
a
mouse
model.
Results:
A.
fumigatus
stimulation
promoted
phosphorylation
through
Toll-like
receptor
(TLR2)
human
epithelial
cells
(HCECs)
corneas.
overexpression
enhanced
fumigatus–induced
response,
knockdown
alleviated
both
vitro
vivo.
identified
STING
as
novel
partner
Moreover,
treatment
STING,
resulting
activation
phosphorylated
then
triggered
its
downstream
signaling
pathways,
exacerbating
severity
keratitis.
inhibitor
(LRRK2-IN-1)
significantly
mitigated
damage
caused
stimulation.
Conclusions:
inhibition
ameliorates
inflammation
modulating
pathways
HCECs
models.
Our
results
suggest
that
targeted
could
be
promising
strategy
for
FK
treatment.
Language: Английский
Seeing the unseen: The low treatment rate of eye emergencies in Africa
World Journal of Methodology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(3)
Published: March 6, 2025
BACKGROUND
Emergency
medical
care
is
essential
in
preventing
morbidity
and
mortality,
especially
when
interventions
are
time-sensitive
require
immediate
access
to
supplies
trained
personnel.
AIM
To
assess
the
treatment
rates
of
eye
emergencies
Africa.
Ocular
particularly
delicate
due
eye’s
intricate
structure
necessity
for
its
refractive
components
remain
transparent.
METHODS
This
review
examines
low
Africa,
drawing
on
96
records
extracted
from
PubMed
database
using
predetermined
search
criteria.
RESULTS
The
epidemiology
ocular
injuries,
as
detailed
studies,
reveals
significant
relationships
between
incidence
prevalence
injuries
factors
such
age,
gender,
occupation.
causes
range
accidents
gender-based
violence
insect
or
animal
attacks.
Management
approaches
reported
include
both
surgical
non-surgical
interventions,
medication
evisceration
enucleation
eye.
Preventive
measures
emphasize
health
education
use
protective
eyewear
facial
protection.
However,
inadequate
healthcare
infrastructure
personnel,
cultural
geographical
barriers,
socioeconomic
behavioral
hinder
effective
prevention,
service
uptake,
management
emergencies.
CONCLUSION
authors
recommend
developing
policies,
enhancing
community
engagement,
improving
personnel
training
retention,
increasing
funding
programs
solutions
address
rate
Language: Английский
Antifungal susceptibility and clinical efficacy of chlorhexidine combined with topical ophthalmic medications against Fusarium species isolated from corneal samples
Min Ho Kang,
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Yuxuan Wu,
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Qingquan Shi
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et al.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: April 15, 2025
Objective
This
study
investigated
the
susceptibility
of
various
Fusarium
fungi
to
five
topical
antifungal
agents:
natamycin,
voriconazole,
chlorhexidine,
natamycin
combined
with
and
voriconazole
chlorhexidine.
And
explore
clinical
feasibility
combination
therapy
in
treatment
corneal
infections
caused
by
F.
solani
,
goal
optimizing
regimen
for
fungal
keratitis.
Methods
A
total
194
strains
were
isolated
from
corneas
between
2013
2024
identified
species
level
using
mass
spectrometry.
The
MICs
was
determined
a
commercial
microdilution
plate
assess
vitro
activity
drugs
used
alone
(natamycin/chlorhexidine,
voriconazole/chlorhexidine).
Additionally,
efficacy
prospectively
observed
5
patients
.
regimens
included
5%
0.04%
chlorhexidine
alone,
or
follow-up
lasting
up
90
days.
Results
complex
(FSSC,
46.91%)
fujikuroi
(FFSC,
45.88%)
predominant
isolates,
geographical
distribution
concentrated
Northern
China.
FSSC
FFSC
both
2–8
μg
/mL,
respectively.
respectively
ranged
0.25–16
1–8
μg/mL
2
>
16
1
not
significantly
different
FFSC.
However,
had
higher
compared
Compared
exhibited
enhancement
against
100%
tested
strains.
81.4%
all
spp.,
lower
(65.9%)
than
non-
(93.6%).
Among
patients,
3
received
resulting
cure
(in
1-1.5
months),
while
patient
required
transplant
due
delayed
treatment.
One
treated
one
achieved
2-3
months).
Conclusion
Natamycin
spp.
during
sensitivity
tests.
findings
this
provide
valuable
guidance
establishing
epidemiological
cutoff
MIC
values
paves
way
future
multicenter
studies
on
FK
Language: Английский
Pathology-inspired collagen-binding thermosensitive micelle drops enable prolonged and efficient treatment of fungal keratitis
Maoyu Cai,
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Haiping Zhong,
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Xindi Wang
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et al.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
50, P. 396 - 413
Published: April 22, 2025
Language: Английский
Itraconazole Loaded Micelle Based on Methoxy Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Poly(D, L-Lactic Acid) for Ocular Drug Delivery: In vitro and in vivo Evaluation
Jijun He,
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Jingjing Yang,
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Zhen Liang
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et al.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 20, P. 6447 - 6462
Published: May 1, 2025
This
study
aimed
to
develop
itraconazole
(ITZ)-loaded
polymer
micelles
using
methoxy
poly(ethylene
glycol)-poly(D,
L-lactic
acid)
(mPEG-PDLLA)
as
a
carrier
improve
the
ocular
bioavailability
of
ITZ
after
topical
administration.
ITZ-loaded
mPEG-PDLLA
(ITZ-M)
were
prepared
thin-film
dispersion
method
and
characterized
by
droplet
size
(DS),
zeta
potential
(ZP),
polydispersity
index
(PDI),
morphology,
entrapment
efficiency
(EE%),
critical
micelle
concentration
(CMC).
In
vitro
drug
release
from
ITZ-M,
storage
stability
cytotoxicity
in
human
corneal
epithelial
cells
(HCECs)
studied.
vivo
transcorneal
permeation
labeled
with
coumarin
6
(C6)
was
observed
two-photon
confocal
microscopy,
irritation
pharmacokinetics
rabbit
eyes
investigated.
The
ITZ-Ms
uniform
spherical
particles
DS
18.79
±
0.16
nm
narrow
distribution
(PDI
0.037
0.019),
EE%
nearly
100%,
CMC
0.083mM.
Approximately
60%
released
ITZ-M
within
72
h,
which
significantly
higher
than
that
suspension.
results
assays
demonstrated
possessed
good
physical
at
4°C
have
no
toxicity
HCECs.
Transcorneal
studies
indicated
fluorescence
intensity
(FI)
mostly
enriched
epithelium,
reduced
stroma.
FI
epithelium
stroma
for
C6
much
stronger
Ocular
evaluation
revealed
well
tolerated.
pharmacokinetic
analysis
area
under
curve
(AUC0-240min)
values
cornea
conjunctiva
treated
approximately
410.9-
2.3-fold
higher,
respectively,
those
provides
formulation
treatment
fungal
keratitis
tolerability
improved
bioavailability.
Language: Английский
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Gatifloxacin and Dexamethasone in Rabbit Ocular Biofluid Using a Sensitive and Selective LC–MS/MS Method
Arpon Biswas,
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Abhijit Deb Choudhury,
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Anjali Mishra
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et al.
Journal of Mass Spectrometry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
59(10)
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Bacterial
keratitis
(BK)
is
an
infection
that
causes
inflammation
of
the
cornea
and,
if
severe,
can
result
in
blindness.
Topical
fluoroquinolones
combined
with
corticosteroids
have
been
shown
to
be
useful
treatment
BK.
A
rapid,
selective,
and
sensitive
bioanalytical
method
for
simultaneous
quantification
Gatifloxacin
(GAT)
Dexamethasone
(DEX)
has
developed
validated
using
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(LC–MS/MS).
Optimal
separation
was
accomplished
under
5
min
Agilent
Zorbax
C18
column
(100
mm
×
4.6
mm,
3.5
μm).
The
mobile
phase
composed
a
blend
0.2%
formic
acid
triple
distilled
water
methanol
flow
rate
0.65
mL/min
isocratic
mode.
GAT
DEX
were
detected
positive
electrospray
ionization
multiple
reaction
monitoring
mode
(MRM),
retention
time
found
at
1.64
2.93
min,
respectively.
linearity
range
1.56–400
ng
mL
−1
good
precision
accuracy.
according
USFDA
regulatory
guidelines.
effectively
utilized
preclinical
pharmacokinetic
analysis
rabbit
tear
fluid
following
topical
application
commercial
formulation.
Language: Английский