Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(7), P. 2926 - 2926
Published: March 30, 2024
Over
the
past
few
decades,
notable
advancements
have
been
made
in
field
of
transdermal
drug
delivery
systems
(TDDSs),
presenting
a
promising
alternative
to
conventional
oral
administration.
This
comprehensive
review
aims
enhance
understanding
this
method
by
examining
various
techniques,
skin’s
role
as
barrier
TDDS,
factors
affecting
skin
diffusion,
and
current
challenges
TDDSs.
The
primary
focus
analysis
centers
on
TDDSs
utilizing
hydrogels.
A
thorough
exploration
hydrogel
fundamentals,
encompassing
structure,
properties,
synthesis,
is
provided
underscore
importance
hydrogels
carriers
delivery.
concluding
section
delves
into
strategies
for
hydrogel-based
delivery,
addressing
exploring
future
directions.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(3), P. 357 - 357
Published: March 8, 2021
The
popularity
of
hydrogels
as
biomaterials
lies
in
their
tunable
physical
properties,
ability
to
encapsulate
small
molecules
and
macromolecular
drugs,
water
holding
capacity,
flexibility,
controllable
degradability.
Functionalization
strategies
overcome
the
deficiencies
conventional
expand
role
advanced
such
DNA
are
extensively
discussed
this
review.
Different
types
cross-linking
techniques,
materials
utilized,
procedures,
advantages,
disadvantages
covering
tabulated.
application
hydrogels,
particularly
buccal,
oral,
vaginal,
transdermal
drug
delivery
systems,
described.
review
also
focuses
on
composite
with
enhanced
properties
that
being
developed
meet
diverse
demand
wound
dressing
materials.
unique
advantages
hydrogel
nanoparticles
targeted
intracellular
various
therapeutic
agents
explained.
Furthermore,
different
hydrogel-based
utilized
for
tissue
engineering
applications
fabrication
contact
lens
discussed.
article
provides
an
overview
selected
examples
commercial
products
launched
area
oral
ocular
systems
Hydrogels
can
be
prepared
a
wide
variety
achieving
biostable,
bioresorbable,
biodegradable
polymer
matrices,
whose
mechanical
degree
swelling
tailored
specific
application.
These
features
give
them
promising
future
fields
applied
biomedicine.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
31(24)
Published: April 9, 2021
Abstract
Stretchable
self‐healing
supercapacitors
(SCs)
can
operate
under
extreme
deformation
and
restore
their
initial
properties
after
damage
with
considerably
improved
durability
reliability,
expanding
opportunities
in
numerous
applications,
including
smart
wearable
electronics,
bioinspired
devices,
human–machine
interactions,
etc.
It
is
challenging,
however,
to
achieve
mechanical
stretchability
self‐healability
energy
storage
technologies,
wherein
the
key
issue
lies
exploitation
of
ideal
electrode
electrolyte
materials
exceptional
ability
besides
conductivity.
Conductive
hydrogels
(CHs)
possess
unique
hierarchical
porous
structure,
high
electrical/ionic
conductivity,
broadly
tunable
physical
chemical
through
molecular
design
structure
regulation,
holding
tremendous
promise
for
stretchable
SCs.
Hence,
this
review
innovatively
constructed
a
focus
on
CH
based
electrodes
electrolytes
First,
common
synthetic
approaches
CHs
are
introduced;
then
stretching
strategies
involved
systematically
elaborated;
followed
by
an
explanation
conductive
mechanism
CHs;
focusing
CH‐based
SCs;
subsequently,
application
SCs
electronics
discussed;
finally,
conclusion
drawn
along
views
challenges
future
research
directions
regarding
field
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
34(27)
Published: Jan. 10, 2022
Abstract
The
primary
roles
of
precision
medicine
are
to
perform
real‐time
examination,
administer
on‐demand
medication,
and
apply
instruments
continuously.
However,
most
current
therapeutic
systems
implement
these
processes
separately,
leading
treatment
interruption
limited
recovery
in
patients.
Personalized
healthcare
smart
medical
have
greatly
promoted
research
on
development
biosensing
drug‐delivery
integrated
systems,
with
intelligent
wearable
devices
(IWMDs)
as
typical
which
received
increasing
attention
because
their
non‐invasive
customizable
nature.
Here,
the
latest
progress
IWMDs
is
reviewed,
including
mechanisms
integrating
drug
delivery.
challenges
future
directions
also
discussed.
Frontiers in Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Feb. 4, 2021
Hydrogels
are
polymeric
three-dimensional
network
structures
with
high
water
content.
Due
to
their
superior
biocompatibility
and
low
toxicity,
hydrogels
play
a
significant
role
in
the
biomedical
fields.
categorized
by
composition
from
natural
polymers
synthetic
polymers.
To
meet
complicated
situation
applications,
suitable
host–guest
supramolecular
interactions
rationally
selected.
This
review
will
have
an
introduction
of
hydrogel
classification
based
on
formulation
molecules,
then
discussion
over
rational
design
intelligent
environmental
stimuli
such
as
temperature,
irradiation,
pH,
targeted
biomolecules.
Further,
applications
designed
smart
field
be
presented,
tissue
repair,
drug
delivery,
cancer
therapy.
Finally,
perspectives
challenges
outlined.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
123(16), P. 10156 - 10205
Published: July 31, 2023
Greenhouse
gas
emissions
associated
with
power
generation
from
fossil
fuel
combustion
account
for
25%
of
global
and,
thus,
contribute
greatly
to
climate
change.
Renewable
energy
sources,
like
wind
and
solar,
have
reached
a
mature
stage,
costs
aligning
those
fuel-derived
but
suffer
the
challenge
intermittency
due
variability
sunlight.
This
study
aims
explore
viability
salinity
gradient
power,
or
"blue
energy",
as
clean,
renewable
source
uninterrupted,
base-load
generation.
Harnessing
river
estuaries
worldwide
could
meet
substantial
portion
electricity
demand
(approximately
7%).
Pressure
retarded
osmosis
(PRO)
reverse
electrodialysis
(RED)
are
more
prominent
technologies
blue
harvesting,
whereas
thermo-osmotic
conversion
(TOEC)
is
emerging
new
promise.
review
scrutinizes
obstacles
encountered
in
developing
osmotic
using
membrane-based
methods
presents
potential
solutions
overcome
challenges
practical
applications.
While
certain
strategies
shown
promise
addressing
some
these
obstacles,
further
research
still
required
enhance
efficiency
feasibility
processes,
enabling
their
large-scale
implementation
harvesting.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
124(4), P. 1535 - 1648
Published: Feb. 19, 2024
Over
the
years,
researchers
have
made
significant
strides
in
development
of
novel
flexible/stretchable
and
conductive
materials,
enabling
creation
cutting-edge
electronic
devices
for
wearable
applications.
Among
these,
porous
textiles
(PCTs)
emerged
as
an
ideal
material
platform
electronics,
owing
to
their
light
weight,
flexibility,
permeability,
wearing
comfort.
This
Review
aims
present
a
comprehensive
overview
progress
state
art
utilizing
PCTs
design
fabrication
wide
variety
integrated
systems.
To
begin
with,
we
elucidate
how
revolutionize
form
factors
electronics.
We
then
discuss
preparation
strategies
PCTs,
terms
raw
processes,
key
properties.
Afterward,
provide
detailed
illustrations
are
used
basic
building
blocks
fabricate
intrinsically
flexible
or
stretchable
devices,
including
sensors,
actuators,
therapeutic
energy-harvesting
storage
displays.
further
describe
techniques
systems
either
by
hybridizing
conventional
off-the-shelf
rigid
components
with
integrating
multiple
fibrous
PCTs.
Subsequently,
highlight
some
important
application
scenarios
healthcare,
sports
training,
converging
technologies,
professional
specialists.
At
end
Review,
challenges
perspectives
on
future
research
directions
give
overall
conclusions.
As
demand
more
personalized
interconnected
continues
grow,
PCT-based
wearables
hold
immense
potential
redefine
landscape
technology
reshape
way
live,
work,
play.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Jan. 18, 2023
Abstract
Wearable
transdermal
iontophoresis
eliminating
the
need
for
external
power
sources
offers
advantages
patient-comfort
when
deploying
epidermal
diseases
treatments.
However,
current
self-powered
based
on
energy
harvesters
is
limited
to
support
efficient
therapeutic
administration
over
long-term
operation,
owing
low
and
inconsistent
supply.
Here
we
propose
a
simplified
wearable
patch
with
built-in
Mg
battery
controllable
delivery.
This
system
decreases
complexity
form
factors
by
using
viologen-based
hydrogels
as
an
integrated
drug
reservoir
cathode
material,
conventional
interface
impedance
between
electrode
reservoir.
The
redox-active
polyelectrolyte
hydrogel
high
density
of
3.57
mWh
cm
−2
,
optimal
bioelectronic
ultra-soft
nature
tissue-interface
impedance.
delivery
dosage
can
be
readily
manipulated
tuning
viologen
stimulation
mode.
demonstrates
effective
treatment
imiquimod-induced
psoriasis
mouse.
Considering
being
reliable
supply,
configuration,
electrical
skin-device
interface,
this
battery-powered
may
provide
new
non-invasive
chronic
diseases.