Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(14)

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Abstract Flexible electronics is an emerging field of research involving multiple disciplines, which include but not limited to physics, chemistry, materials science, electronic engineering, and biology. However, the broad applications flexible are still restricted due several limitations, including high Young's modulus, poor biocompatibility, responsiveness. Innovative aiming for overcoming these drawbacks boost its practical application highly desirable. Hydrogel a class 3D crosslinked hydrated polymer networks, exceptional material properties render it as promising candidate next generation electronics. Here, latest methods synthesizing advanced functional hydrogels state‐of‐art hydrogel‐based in various fields reviewed. More importantly, correlation between hydrogel device performance discussed here, have better understanding development by using environmentally responsive hydrogels. Last, perspectives on current challenges future directions multifunctional provided.

Language: Английский

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Super Stretchable, Self‐Healing, Adhesive Ionic Conductive Hydrogels Based on Tailor‐Made Ionic Liquid for High‐Performance Strain Sensors

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(33)

Published: June 8, 2022

Abstract Ionic conductive hydrogels (ICHs) integrate the performance and soft nature of tissue‐like materials to imitate features human skin with mechanical sensory traits; thus, they are considered promising substitutes for conventional rigid metallic conductors when fabricating human‐motion sensors. However, simultaneous incorporation excellent stretchability, toughness, ionic conductivity, self‐healing, adhesion via a simple method remains grand challenge. Herein, novel ICH platform is proposed by designing phenylboronic acid‐ionic liquid (PBA‐IL) multiple roles that simultaneously realize highly mechanical, electrical, versatile properties. This elaborately designed semi‐interpenetrating network fabricated facile one‐step approach introducing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) into PBA‐IL/acrylamide cross‐linked network. Ingeniously, dynamic boronic ester bonds physical interactions (hydrogen electrostatic interactions) endow these remarkable stretchability (1810 ± 38%), toughness (2.65 0.03 MJ m −3 ), self‐healing property (92 2% efficiency), adhesiveness, transparency. Moreover, construction this material shows CNFs can synergistically enhance conductivity. The wide working strain range (≈1000%) high sensitivity (GF = 8.36) make candidate constructing next generation gel‐based sensor platforms.

Language: Английский

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Transparent, Self‐Adhesive, Conductive Organohydrogels with Fast Gelation from Lignin‐Based Self‐Catalytic System for Extreme Environment‐Resistant Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(28)

Published: April 28, 2022

Abstract Conductive hydrogels have shown great promise in the field of sustainable power sources due to their unique features sufficient flexibility, durability, and functional diversification. However, time‐ energy‐consuming polymerization process poor adaptability extreme environments severely impede practical application such an emerging field. Herein, a facile universal self‐catalytic system (AL‐Cu 2+ ) based on alkali lignin (AL) macromolecule has been designed rapidly fabricate conductive transparent organohydrogels alkaline water–ethylene glycol (EG) binary solvent, which displays environment applicability (‒40 60 °C), eligible stretchability (≈800% elongation), robust self‐adhesion (≈31.4 kPa). Interestingly, introduced EG accelerates polymerization, endows freezing/drying resistance, improves for organohydrogels. The organohydrogel (water/EG = 2/3) that combines above merits inspires construction triboelectric nanogenerator (O‐TENG) mechanical energy harvesting converting regardless low‐ or high‐temperature environments. generated electricity by O‐TENG can be used directly stored drive commercial electronics installed human joints movement monitoring. This work sheds light designing environment‐resistant flexible TENGs multifunctional soft materials with fast gelation strategy, provoking more attention high‐value utilization advanced applications.

Language: Английский

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Ultrafast Fabrication of Lignin-Encapsulated Silica Nanoparticles Reinforced Conductive Hydrogels with High Elasticity and Self-Adhesion for Strain Sensors

Chemistry of Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 5258 - 5272

Published: June 2, 2022

Conductive hydrogels are receiving considerable attention because of their important applications, such as flexible wearable electronic, human-machine interfaces, and smart/soft robotics. However, the insufficient mechanical performance inferior adhesive capability severely hinder potential applications in an emerging field. Herein, a highly elastic conductive hydrogel that integrated robustness, self-adhesiveness, UV-filtering, stable electrical was achieved by synergistic effect sulfonated lignin-coated silica nanoparticles (LSNs), polyacrylamide (PAM) chains, ferric ions (Fe3+). In detail, dynamic redox reaction constructed between catechol groups LSNs Fe3+, which could promote rapid gelation acrylamide (AM) monomers 60 s. The optimized containing 1.5 wt % junction points exhibited excellent elasticity (<15% hysteresis ratio), high stretchability (∼1100% elongation), improved robustness (tensile compressive strength ∼180 kPa ∼480 kPa). Notably, abundant endowed with long-lasting robust self-adhesion, enabling seamless adhesion to human skin. Meanwhile, also provided exceptional UV-blocking (∼95.1%) for hydrogels. combined advantages were manifested sensors high-fidelity detection various deformations over wide range strain (10–200%) good repeatability stability. We believed designed may become promising candidate material future electronics long-term movements monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Rational Design of Flexible Zn-Based Batteries for Wearable Electronic Devices

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 1764 - 1802

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

The advent of 5G and the Internet Things has spawned a demand for wearable electronic devices. However, lack suitable flexible energy storage system become "Achilles' Heel" Additional problems during transformation battery structure from conventional to also present severe challenge design. Flexible Zn-based batteries, including Zn-ion batteries Zn–air have long been considered promising candidates due their high safety, eco-efficiency, substantial reserve, low cost. In past decade, researchers come up with elaborate designs each portion improve ionic conductivities, mechanical properties, environment adaptabilities, scalable productions. It would be helpful summarize reported strategies compare pros cons facilitate further research toward commercialization batteries. this review, current progress in developing is comprehensively reviewed, electrolytes, cathodes, anodes, discussed terms synthesis, characterization, performance validation. By clarifying challenges design, we methodology previous investigations propose future development. end, paradigm summarized fit burgeoning requirement devices an iterative process, which will benefit development

Language: Английский

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Mechanically ductile, ionically conductive and low-temperature tolerant hydrogel enabled by high-concentration saline towards flexible strain sensor

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103, P. 107789 - 107789

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Kinetics‐Boosted Effect Enabled by Zwitterionic Hydrogel Electrolyte for Highly Reversible Zinc Anode in Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Micro‐Supercapacitors

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(40)

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Abstract Despite impressive merits of complementary charge‐storage mechanisms for aqueous Zn‐ion hybrid micro‐supercapacitors (ZHMSCs), it remains a challenge to solve dendrite and parasitic reactions issues Zn anodes. Herein, kinetics‐boosted strategy 2+ transport desolvation hydrated is proposed by engineering zwitterionic P(AM‐ co ‐SBMA) hydrogel electrolyte (PASHE) highly reversible plating/stripping. Mechanically robust chemically anchored PASHE features groups constructing ion migration channels immobilizing water molecules, which accelerates an ultrahigh transfer number (0.84) alleviates water‐related reactions. Theoretical calculations combined with experimental results reveal that sulfobetaine sulfonate anions endow improved kinetics the ability coordinate flux electric field distributions at electrolyte–electrode interface. Thus, anodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance involving high average coulombic efficiency 99.4% in Zn|PASHE|Cu cell as well cumulative capacity 2000 mAh cm −2 (20 mA , 1 ) depth discharge 80.9% 10 Zn|PASHE|Zn cells. Furthermore, ZHMSCs based on deliver flexibility cyclability energy‐storage applications. This work provides useful insights developing high‐performance derived devices.

Language: Английский

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Improved Interfacial Ion Migration and Deposition through the Chain‐Liquid Synergistic Effect by a Carboxylated Hydrogel Electrolyte for Stable Zinc Metal Anodes

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(42)

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

The large-scale applicability of Zn-metal anodes is severely impeded by the issues such as dendrite growth, complicated hydrogen evolution, and uncontrollable passivation reaction. Herein, a negatively charged carboxylated double-network hydrogel electrolyte (Gelatin/Sodium alginate-acetate, denoted Gel/SA-acetate) has been developed to stabilize interfacial electrochemistry, which restructures type Zn2+ ion solvent sheath optimized via chain-liquid synergistic effect. New bonds are reconstructed with water molecules zincophilic functional groups, directional migration hydrated ions therefore induced. Concomitantly, robust chemical bonding layers Zn slab exhibits desirable anti-catalytic effect, thereby greatly diminishing activity eliminating side reactions. Subsequently, symmetric cell using Gel/SA-acetate demonstrates reversible plating/stripping performance for 1580 h, an asymmetric reaches state-of-the-art runtime 5600 h high average Coulombic efficiency 99.9 %. resultant zinc hybrid capacitors deliver exceptional properties including capacity retention 98.5 % over 15000 cycles, energy density 236.8 Wh kg-1 , mechanical adaptability. This work expected pave new avenue development novel electrolytes towards safe stable anodes.

Language: Английский

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Adhesive Ionohydrogels Based on Ionic Liquid/Water Binary Solvents with Freezing Tolerance for Flexible Ionotronic Devices

Chemistry of Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 1065 - 1077

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Ionic hydrogels hold substantial promise as soft materials for achieving versatile wearable ionotronics due to the integrated merits of appropriate mechanical properties, excellent conductivity, and good conformability. However, overcoming freezing at subzero temperatures hindering evaporation water are still huge challenges ionic hydrogels. Herein, a dual-cross-linked ionohydrogel was designed using Al3+ cross-link with polymer network through dynamic metal coordination bonds in liquid (IL) binary solvent system, allowing properties (∼1 MPa, ∼600%), transparency (>90%), high conductivity (∼12.40 mS cm–1), robust adhesion, along advantages superior antifreezing long-term antidehydration properties. These exceptional characteristics inspired us fabricate dual-responsive sensors, which could simultaneously detect human motion signals wide range change (from −30 40 °C) an impressive temperature coefficient resistance (TCR) value −0.035 −0.44 °C–1). More promisingly, benefiting from interfacial adhesion between poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) ionohydrogels, triboelectric nanogenerator assembled single-electrode mode that capable providing sustainable energy ionotronic devices even temperatures. This work opens up effective strategy design multifunctional ionohydrogel, enabling various applications into single device.

Language: Английский

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Key approaches and challenges in fabricating advanced flexible zinc-ion batteries with functional hydrogel electrolytes

Energy storage materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56, P. 351 - 393

Published: Jan. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

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