Therapeutic Applications of Nanomedicine: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2073 - 2073

Published: April 30, 2024

The concept of nanomedicine has evolved significantly in recent decades, leveraging the unique phenomenon known as enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. This facilitated major advancements targeted drug delivery, imaging, individualized therapy through integration nanotechnology principles into medicine. Numerous nanomedicines have been developed applied for disease treatment, with a particular focus on cancer therapy. Recently, utilized various advanced fields, including diagnosis, vaccines, immunotherapy, gene tissue engineering. Multifunctional facilitate concurrent medication therapeutic monitoring, allowing immediate responses personalized treatment plans. review concerns advancement nanomaterials their potential applications biological medical fields. Along this, we also mention clinical translations challenges that is currently facing to overcome translation barrier.

Language: Английский

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Emerging trends and future challenges of advanced 2D nanomaterials for combating bacterial resistance

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 225 - 257

Published: May 7, 2024

The number of multi-drug-resistant bacteria has increased over the last few decades, which caused a detrimental impact on public health worldwide. In resolving antibiotic resistance development among different bacterial communities, new antimicrobial agents and nanoparticle-based strategies need to be designed foreseeing slow discovery functioning antibiotics. Advanced research studies have revealed significant disinfection potential two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D NMs) severed as effective antibacterial due their unique physicochemical properties. This review covers current progress 2D NMs-based based an inclusive explanation NMs' agents, including detailed introduction each possible well-known mechanism. properties NMs activities been deliberated while explaining toxic effects discussing biomedical significance, dysbiosis, cellular nanotoxicity. Adding challenges, we also discussed major issues regarding quality availability nanotoxicity data. However, smart advancements are required fabricate biocompatible exploit combat clinically.

Language: Английский

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Polymersomes as the Next Attractive Generation of Drug Delivery Systems: Definition, Synthesis and Applications

Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 319 - 319

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Polymersomes are artificial nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly process of amphiphilic block copolymers composed hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. They can encapsulate molecules in aqueous core within membrane. The composition be tuned, enabling control characteristics properties polymersomes and, thus, their application areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, or bioimaging. preparation methods also impact preservation encapsulated drugs. Many have been described, including direct hydration, thin film electroporation, pH-switch method, solvent shift single double emulsion flash nanoprecipitation, microfluidic synthesis. Considering polymersome structure composition, there several types theranostic polymersomes, decorated with targeting ligands for selective stimuli-responsive porous multiple promising applications. Due to shortcomings related stability, efficacy, safety some therapeutics human body, delivery systems good candidates improve quality therapies against a wide range diseases, cancer. Chemotherapy immunotherapy improved using deliver drugs, protecting directing them exact site action. Moreover, this approach is targeted biologics since they represent class drugs poor stability high susceptibility vivo clearance. However, lack well-defined regulatory plan formulations has hampered follow-up clinical trials subsequent market entry.

Language: Английский

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New Advances in Biomedical Application of Polymeric Micelles

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 1700 - 1700

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

In the last decade, nanomedicine has arisen as an emergent area of medicine, which studies nanometric systems, namely polymeric micelles (PMs), that increase solubility and stability encapsulated drugs. Furthermore, their application in dermal drug delivery is also relevant. PMs present unique characteristics because core-shell architecture. They are colloidal dispersions amphiphilic compounds, self-assemble aqueous medium, giving a structure-type core-shell, with hydrophobic core (that can encapsulate drugs), hydrophilic shell, works stabilizing agent. These features offer adequate steric protection determine hydrophilicity, charge, length, surface density properties. due to small size, be absorbed by intestinal mucosa drug, they transport bloodstream until therapeutic target. Moreover, improve pharmacokinetic profile high load capacity, synthesized reproducible, easy, low-cost method. silico approaches have been explored physicochemical properties PMs. Based on this, computer-aided strategy was developed validated enable poorly soluble drugs established critical parameters maximize loading, formulation stability, tumor exposure. Poly(2-oxazoline) (POx)-based display unprecedented loading concerning water-insoluble over 60 incorporated POx Among various stimuli, pH temperature most widely studied for enhanced release at site action. Researchers focusing dual (pH temperature) responsive controlled improved systems mainly evaluated cancer therapy certain malignancies cause slight decrease extracellular around site. This review compilation updated applications PMs, such based Pluronics®, micelleplexes Pox-based several biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Research advances of nanomaterials for the acceleration of fracture healing

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 368 - 394

Published: Aug. 26, 2023

The bone fracture cases have been increasing yearly, accompanied by the increased number of patients experiencing non-union or delayed union after their fracture. Although clinical materials facilitate healing (e.g., metallic and composite materials), they cannot fulfill requirements due to slow degradation rate, limited osteogenic activity, inadequate osseointegration ability, suboptimal mechanical properties. Since early 2000, nanomaterials successfully mimic nanoscale features bones offer unique properties, receiving extensive attention. This paper reviews achievements in treating intrinsic properties nanomaterials, for defect filling, drug delivery systems union). Furthermore, we discuss perspectives on challenges future directions developing accelerate healing.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicine Combats Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(3)

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Lung cancer is the second most prevalent and leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy are currently available as treatment methods. However, drug resistance a significant factor in failure lung treatments. Novel therapeutics have been exploited to address complicated mechanisms advancement nanomedicine extremely promising terms overcoming resistance. Nanomedicine equipped with multifunctional tunable physiochemical properties alignment tumor genetic profiles can achieve precise, safe, effective while minimizing or eradicating cancer. Here, this work reviews discovered for radiotherapy, outlines novel strategies development against This focuses on engineering design, customized delivery, current challenges, clinical translation application resistant

Language: Английский

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Converting Nanotoxicity Data to Information Using Artificial Intelligence and Simulation

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(13), P. 8575 - 8637

Published: June 1, 2023

Decades of nanotoxicology research have generated extensive and diverse data sets. However, is not equal to information. The question how extract critical information buried in vast streams. Here we show that artificial intelligence (AI) molecular simulation play key roles transforming nanotoxicity into information, i.e., constructing the quantitative nanostructure (physicochemical properties)-toxicity relationships, elucidating toxicity-related mechanisms. For AI realize their full impacts this mission, several obstacles must be overcome. These include paucity high-quality nanomaterials (NMs) standardized data, lack model-friendly databases, scarcity specific universal nanodescriptors, inability simulate NMs at realistic spatial temporal scales. This review provides a comprehensive representative, but exhaustive, summary current capability gaps tools required fill these formidable gaps. Specifically, discuss applications simulation, which can address large-scale challenge for research. need powerful new modeling approaches, mechanism analysis, design next-generation are also critically discussed. Finally, provide perspective on future trends challenges.

Language: Английский

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Trends of Nanoencapsulation Strategy for Natural Compounds in the Food Industry

Processes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1459 - 1459

Published: May 11, 2023

Nanotechnology is an emerging field in the food industry that will be important for future industrial production to address rising customer concerns and expectations natural, nutritious, healthful items. People are increasingly motivated purchase unprocessed or even high-quality processed foods with minimum chemical additives, highlighting need investigate natural alternatives commercial purposes. Natural compounds becoming more popular among consumers since they safer than synthetic additions; however, their most functional sensitive adverse conditions of processing digestive tract, impairing use matrices, industrial-scale applications. Nowadays, nanoencapsulation products can suitable nanotechnology improve stability, solubility, bioavailability. The nanostructure incorporated into during production, processing, packaging, security. Despite many studies on nanoencapsulation, there still some misunderstanding about systems preparation techniques. This review aims categorize different techniques (chemical, physicochemical, physicomechanical), highlight eco-friendly methods, classify as groups (polymer, lipidic metallic). current summarizes recent data has been published 2015 until now. Finally, this presents challenges perspectives bioactive science.

Language: Английский

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Computational Nanotoxicology Models for Environmental Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 155 - 155

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Although engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have tremendous potential to generate technological benefits in numerous sectors, uncertainty on the risks of ENMs for human health and environment may impede advancement novel materials. Traditionally, can be evaluated by experimental methods such as environmental field monitoring animal-based toxicity testing. However, it is time-consuming, expensive, impractical evaluate risk increasingly large number with methods. On contrary, artificial intelligence machine learning, silico recently received more attention assessment ENMs. This review discusses key progress computational nanotoxicology models assessing ENMs, including material flow analysis models, multimedia physiologically based toxicokinetics quantitative nanostructure-activity relationships, meta-analysis. Several challenges are identified a perspective provided regarding how addressed.

Language: Английский

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Peptide-Hitchhiking for the Development of Nanosystems in Glioblastoma

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(26), P. 16359 - 16394

Published: June 11, 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the epitome of aggressiveness and lethality in spectrum brain tumors, primarily due to blood–brain barrier (BBB) that hinders effective treatment delivery, tumor heterogeneity, presence treatment-resistant stem cells contribute recurrence. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used overcome these obstacles by attaching targeting ligands enhance therapeutic efficacy. Among ligands, peptides stand out their ease synthesis high selectivity. This article aims review single multiligand strategies critically. In addition, it highlights other integrate effects external stimuli, biomimetic approaches, chemical approaches as nanocatalytic medicine, revealing significant potential treating GBM with peptide-functionalized NPs. Alternative routes parenteral administration, specifically nose-to-brain delivery local within resected cavity, are also discussed. Finally, an overview them discussed provide a perspective on this promising field therapy.

Language: Английский

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