Materials-Driven Soft Wearable Bioelectronics for Connected Healthcare

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(2), P. 455 - 553

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

In the era of Internet-of-things, many things can stay connected; however, biological systems, including those necessary for human health, remain unable to connected global Internet due lack soft conformal biosensors. The fundamental challenge lies in fact that electronics and biology are distinct incompatible, as they based on different materials via functioning principles. particular, body is curvilinear, yet typically rigid planar. Recent advances design have generated tremendous opportunities wearable bioelectronics, which may bridge gap, enabling ultimate dream healthcare anyone, anytime, anywhere. We begin with a review historical development healthcare, indicating significant trend healthcare. This followed by focal point discussion about new design, particularly low-dimensional nanomaterials. summarize material types their attributes designing bioelectronic sensors; we also cover synthesis fabrication methods, top-down, bottom-up, combined approaches. Next, discuss energy challenges progress made date. addition front-end devices, describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunication, software. Afterward, integration systems been applied various testbeds real-world settings, laboratories preclinical clinical environments. Finally, narrate remaining conjunction our perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Ti₃C₂T_x MXene-Based Multifunctional Tactile Sensors for Precisely Detecting and Distinguishing Temperature and Pressure Stimuli

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(16), P. 16036 - 16047

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Although skin-like sensors that can simultaneously detect various physical stimuli are of fair importance in cutting-edge human-machine interaction, robotic, and healthcare applications, they still face challenges facile, scalable, cost-effective production using conventional active materials. The emerging two-dimensional transition metal carbide, Ti3C2Tx MXene, integrated with favorable thermoelectric properties, metallic-like conductivity, a hydrophilic surface, is promising for solving these problems. Herein, multifunctional designed to precisely distinguish temperature pressure without cross-talk by decorating elastic porous substrates MXene sheets. Because the combination conductive thermally insulating, elastic, substrate integrates efficient Seebeck piezoresistive effects, resultant sensor exhibits not only an ultralow detection limit (0.05 K), high signal-to-noise ratio, excellent cycling stability but also sensitivity, fast response time, outstanding durability detection. Based on impressive dual-mode sensing properties independent detections, multimode input terminal electronic skin created, exhibiting great potential robotic interaction applications. This work provides scalable fabrication tactile detecting distinguishing stimuli.

Language: Английский

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A Breathable, Stretchable, and Self‐Calibrated Multimodal Electronic Skin Based on Hydrogel Microstructures for Wireless Wearables

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(32)

Published: April 12, 2024

Abstract Biomimetic electronic skins (e‐skins) are widely used in wearables, smart prosthesis and soft robotics. However, multimodal e‐skins, especially those based on hydrogels, face multiple challenges for practical applications, involving multi‐sensing signal mutual interference, low breathability stretchability. Here, a breathable stretchable e‐skin with multilayer film microstructure is developed to achieve self‐calibrated sensing of any two three stimuli: strain, temperature, humidity, minimal crosstalk. Hydrogel fibers different shapes designed strain temperature modules, the hydrogel as humidity module. The exhibits impressive performance, including detection limit (0.03%), linearity (R 2 = 0.990), high‐temperature sensitivity (1.77%/°C), wide range (33–98% RH). Interestingly, due directional anisotropy shaped fibers, realizes directions. By introducing porous elastomer encapsulation membranes, wearing comfort attained, while high stretchability (100% strain) maintained. Furthermore, personalized human‐machine interaction system created by integrating wireless circuit realize real‐time gesture recognition, physiological signals monitoring, prosthesis.

Language: Английский

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Soft Sensors and Actuators for Wearable Human–Machine Interfaces

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(4), P. 1464 - 1534

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Haptic human-machine interfaces (HHMIs) combine tactile sensation and haptic feedback to allow humans interact closely with machines robots, providing immersive experiences convenient lifestyles. Significant progress has been made in developing wearable sensors that accurately detect physical electrophysiological stimuli improved softness, functionality, reliability, selectivity. In addition, soft actuating systems have developed provide high-quality by precisely controlling force, displacement, frequency, spatial resolution. this Review, we discuss the latest technological advances of actuators for demonstration HHMIs. We particularly focus on highlighting material structural approaches enable desired sensing properties necessary effective Furthermore, promising practical applications current HHMI technology various areas such as metaverse, robotics, user-interactive devices are discussed detail. Finally, Review further concludes discussing outlook next-generation technology.

Language: Английский

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Soft Electronics for Health Monitoring Assisted by Machine Learning

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 15, 2023

Abstract Due to the development of novel materials, past two decades have witnessed rapid advances soft electronics. The electronics huge potential in physical sign monitoring and health care. One important advantages is forming good interface with skin, which can increase user scale improve signal quality. Therefore, it easy build specific dataset, performance machine learning algorithm. At same time, assistance algorithm, become more intelligent realize real-time analysis diagnosis. machining algorithms complement each other very well. It indubitable that will bring us a healthier world near future. this review, we give careful introduction about new material, physiological detected by devices, devices assisted Some materials be discussed such as two-dimensional carbon nanotube, nanowire, nanomesh, hydrogel. Then, sensors according types (pulse, respiration, human motion, intraocular pressure, phonation, etc.). After that, various reviewed, including some classical powerful neural network algorithms. Especially, device introduced carefully. Finally, outlook, challenge, conclusion system powered algorithm discussed.

Language: Английский

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Applications of Graphene in Five Senses, Nervous System, and Artificial Muscles

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 482 - 514

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Graphene remains of great interest in biomedical applications because biocompatibility. Diseases relating to human senses interfere with life satisfaction and happiness. Therefore, the restoration by artificial organs or sensory devices may bring a bright future recovery patients. In this review, we update most recent progress graphene based sensors for mimicking such as retina image sensors, eardrums, gas chemical tactile sensors. The brain-like processors are discussed on conventional transistors well memristor related neuromorphic computing. brain–machine interface is introduced providing single pathway. Besides, muscles summarized means actuators order react physical world. Future opportunities remain elevating performances human-like their clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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A Finger Motion Monitoring Glove for Hand Rehabilitation Training and Assessment Based on Gesture Recognition

IEEE Sensors Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 13789 - 13796

Published: April 10, 2023

Hand rehabilitation training and assessment require the frequent participation of professional doctors, which is time-consuming, laborious, sometime non-quantitative. To liberate both doctors patients, a finger motion monitoring glove expected to give helping hand by speed state movement in real time. However, existing gloves suffer from low sensitivity, narrow detection range, lack fabrication consistency. Herein, highly sensitive with an intrinsic surface microstructure fabricated based on stable printing method, are realized help machine learning method. The printed strain sensors achieve high sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) reaches 100.69 at 30%–50% strain), wide response range (0.1%–50%), fast response/recovery (71.43/178.49 ms), satisfied durability (function properly after 5000 cycles), batch-to-batch variation (within 0.10). These advantages enable monitor movements quickly comprehensively, thus making it practicable for assessment. This work provides simple method obtain glove, make more convenient reliable.

Language: Английский

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Toward an AI Era: Advances in Electronic Skins

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(17), P. 9899 - 9948

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Electronic skins (e-skins) have seen intense research and rapid development in the past two decades. To mimic capabilities of human skin, a multitude flexible/stretchable sensors that detect physiological environmental signals been designed integrated into functional systems. Recently, researchers increasingly deployed machine learning other artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to neural system for processing analysis sensory data collected by e-skins. Integrating AI has potential enable advanced applications robotics, healthcare, human–machine interfaces but also presents challenges such as diversity model robustness. In this review, we first summarize functions features e-skins, followed feature extraction different models. Next, discuss utilization design e-skin address key topic implementation e-skins accomplish range tasks. Subsequently, explore hardware-layer in-skin before concluding with an opportunities various aspects AI-enabled

Language: Английский

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A laser-engraved wearable gait recognition sensor system for exoskeleton robots

Microsystems & Nanoengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract As a reinforcement technology that improves load-bearing ability and prevents injuries, assisted exoskeleton robots have extensive applications in freight transport health care. The perception of gait information by such is vital for their control. This the basis motion planning assistive collaborative functions. Here, wearable recognition sensor system presented. Pressure arrays based on laser-induced graphene are developed with flexibility reliability. Multiple units integrated into an insole to detect real-time pressure at key plantar positions. In addition, circuit hardware algorithm designed reinforce capability recognition. experimental results show accuracy proposed 99.85%, effectiveness further verified through testing robot.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasensitive Touch Sensor for Simultaneous Tactile and Slip Sensing

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(21)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Touch is a general term to describe mechanical stimuli. It extremely difficult develop touch sensors that can detect different modes of contact forces due their low sensitivity and data decoupling. Simultaneously conducting tactile slip sensing presents significant challenges for the design, structure, performance sensors. In this work, highly sensitive sandwich-structured sensor achieved by exploiting porosity compressive modulus sensor's functional layer materials. The shows an ultra-high 1167 kPa

Language: Английский

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