Polyphosphoesters
(PPEs)
represent
an
innovative
class
of
biodegradable
polymers,
with
the
phosphate
ester
serving
as
core
repeating
unit
their
polymeric
backbone.
Recently,
biomaterials
derived
from
functionalized
PPEs
have
garnered
significant
interest
in
biomedical
applications
because
commendable
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
and
capacity
for
functional
modification.
This
review
commences
a
brief
overview
synthesis
methodologies
distinctive
properties
PPEs,
including
thermoresponsiveness,
degradability,
stealth
effect,
biocompatibility.
Subsequently,
delves
into
latest
PPEs-based
nanocarriers
drug
or
gene
delivery
prodrugs
scaffolds
field,
presenting
several
illustrative
examples
each
application.
By
encapsulating
advancements
recent
years,
this
aims
to
offer
enhanced
understanding
serve
reference
PPEs.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(38)
Published: July 31, 2024
Abstract
Dinuclear
iridium(III)
complexes
activated
by
light‐inducible
spatiotemporal
control
are
emerging
as
promising
candidates
for
cancer
therapy.
However,
broader
applications
of
current
light‐activated
dinuclear
limited
the
ineffective
tissue
penetration
and
undesirable
feedback
on
guidance
activation.
Here,
an
ultrasound
(US)
triggered
near
infrared‐fluorescent
nanoparticle,
NanoIr,
is
first
reported
to
precisely
spatiotemporally
inhibit
tumor
growth.
It
demonstrated
that
reactive
oxygen
species
can
be
generated
NanoIr
upon
exposure
US
irradiation
(NanoIr
+
US),
thereby
inducing
immunogenic
cell
death.
When
combined
with
cisplatin,
elicits
synergistic
effects
in
patient‐derived
xenograft
mice
models
ovarian
cancer.
This
work
provides
a
design
nanoparticles
sonodynamic
Advanced Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 12, 2025
Abstract
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
an
autoimmune
disease
associated
with
chronic
inflammatory
processes.
RA,
which
typically
the
accumulation
of
hyperactive
immune
cells
(HICs),
particularly
M1
proinflammatory
macrophages,
accompanied
by
elevated
levels
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
and
decreased
pH
in
synovial
membranes
joints.
In
this
work,
a
nano‐delivery
system
(MTX‐Mn
3
O
4
@PDA)
designed
that
can
deliver
photothermal
materials,
ROS
scavengers,
fibroblast
inhibitors
at
joint
site
for
treatment
RA.
After
injecting
MTX‐Mn
@PDA
into
inflamed
therapy
initiated
near‐infrared
(NIR)
laser
irradiation,
resulted
death
activated
lesion
site.
While
polydopamine
(PDA)
slowly
dissociates
under
stimulation
low
microenvironment.
Subsequently,
excess
interacts
Mn
nanozyme
undissociated
PDA
nanozyme,
promoting
clearance,
while
Methotrexate
(MTX)
inhibits
proliferation
fibroblasts.
Intra‐articular
injection
(7
mg
kg
−1
)
collagen‐induced
mice
demonstrated
efficacy
reducing
toe
swelling
significantly
alleviating
inflammation,
bone
erosion,
cartilage
degeneration.
This
has
potential
clinical
applications
treating
Sonodynamic
therapy,
a
treatment
modality
recently
widely
used,
is
capable
of
disrupting
the
tumor
microenvironment
by
inducing
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD)
and
enhancing
antitumor
immunity
during
immunotherapy.
Erdafitinib,
an
inhibitor
fibroblast
growth
factor
receptor,
has
demonstrated
potential
benefits
for
treating
bladder
cancer.
However,
Erdafitinib
shows
effectiveness
in
only
small
number
patients,
majority
patients
responding
positively
to
medication
have
"immune-cold"
tumors.
To
increase
therapeutic
efficacy
we
herein
developed
biodegradable
pseudoconjugate
polymer
(PSP)
with
sonodynamic
capabilities.
could
be
efficiently
encapsulated
nanoparticles
(NP-PE)
prepared
through
self-assembly
PSP
oxidation-sensitive
(P1).
Under
ultrasound
conditions,
NP-PE
effectively
induced
cytotoxicity
producing
reactive
oxygen
species
further
triggering
ICD.
Compared
inhibited
expression
FGFR3
higher
extent.
In
animal
models
cancer,
growth,
stimulated
immunity,
synergized
antiprogrammed
death-ligand
1
(aPD-L1),
offering
novel
approach
BME Frontiers,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
systemic
inflammatory
autoimmune
disease
characterized
by
joint
swelling
and
bone
destruction.
Despite
an
incomplete
understanding
of
its
genesis,
RA
tightly
linked
to
the
intricate
immunological
milieu,
involving
disruptions
in
molecular
signaling
imbalance
between
innate
adaptive
immune
systems.
With
advancements
biomaterials
science,
role
treatment
has
evolved
from
mere
drug
delivery
systems
therapeutic
microenvironment
modulators,
providing
drug-independent
strategies
for
RA.
In
this
review,
we
will
delve
into
RA,
focusing
on
contributions
immunity,
damage-associated
patterns
(DAMPs),
cytokines,
pathways
disease’s
pathogenesis
inflammation.
We
provide
detailed
analysis
applications
novel
nonpharmaceutical
treatment,
categorized
3
key
mechanisms:
biofactor
pathway
regulation,
endogenous
gas
adjustment,
cell
modulation.
The
composition,
form,
principles,
efficacy
these
be
explored.
thorough
discussion
topics
offer
fresh
viewpoint
guide
future
research
directions.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 26, 2025
Bladder
cancer,
a
common
malignancy
of
the
urinary
tract,
presents
complex
therapeutic
challenges,
thereby
necessitating
exploration
innovative
treatment
strategies.
This
study
introduces
novel,
self-propelled
nanomedicine
delivery
system
that
forms
nanoparticles
within
bladder
lumen
by
co-infusing
dopamine
hydrochloride,
Mn2+,
cGAMP,
and
urease
into
to
initiate
in
situ
polymerization.
The
resulting
Mn-cGAMP@PDA-urease
(DMCU)
possess
urease-modified
surface,
which
acts
as
an
engine
generate
propulsive
force
breaking
down
urea.
Consequently,
this
process
enhances
nanoparticle
retention
mucosa
facilitates
efficient
drug
delivery.
self-assembled
activate
STING
pathway,
promoting
dendritic
cell
maturation
activation
T
cells,
enhancing
anti-tumor
immune
responses.
These
remain
for
extended
period,
significantly
improving
efficacy
sustaining
release
reducing
adverse
side
effects.
In
vivo,
experiments
using
mouse
orthotopic
model
cancer
demonstrate
DMCU
tumor
suppression
compared
with
conventional
therapies.
novel
approach
integrates
nanotechnology
immunomodulation
address
chemotherapy
resistance
improve
efficacy.
