Advanced Polymeric Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy: Materials Engineering, Immunotherapeutic Mechanism and Clinical Translation

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy, which leverages immune system components to treat malignancies, has emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary therapeutic strategies. Yet, critical concerns about the efficacy and safety cancer immunotherapies remain formidable. Nanotechnology, especially polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), offers unparalleled flexibility in manipulation‐from chemical composition physical properties precision control nanoassemblies. PNPs provide an optimal platform amplify potency minimize systematic toxicity broad spectrum immunotherapeutic modalities. In this comprehensive review, basics polymer chemistry, state‐of‐the‐art designs from physicochemical standpoint for encompassing vaccines, situ vaccination, adoptive T‐cell therapies, tumor‐infiltrating cell‐targeted antibodies, cytokine therapies are delineated. Each immunotherapy necessitates distinctively tailored design strategies nanoplatforms. The extensive applications PNPs, investigation their mechanisms action enhanced particularly focused on. profiles clinical research progress discussed. Additionally, forthcoming developments emergent trends nano‐immunotherapeutics poised transform treatment paradigms into clinics explored.

Language: Английский

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Synergistic Effects of NO/H2S Gases on Antibacterial, Anti-inflammatory, and Analgesic Properties in Oral Ulcers Using a Gas-Releasing Nanoplatform

Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Chirality Interplay of Peptide and Saccharide on Glycopeptide Self-Assembly

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Saccharides and peptides with markedly disparate stereochemical features serve as pivotal chiral molecular partners in living systems. The importance of glycosylation influencing glycopeptide self-assembly has been recognized. However, how different combinations saccharides influence the macroscopic hydrogel mechanics, fiber nanomechanics, asymmetric packing, thermodynamic changes during remains unknown. This study demonstrates that, following d-glycosylation peptides, resulting glycopeptides (L/D vs D/D) exhibited unexpected into obviously helical nanostructures. A systematic comparative revealed significant differences viscoelasticity, Young's modulus, supramolecular morphologies, internal stacking modes, aggregation thermodynamics. Theoretical results indicated a strong correlation between distinct morphologies interior patterns. These findings illustrate that interplay saccharide peptide determines helicity. Unraveling chirality is valuable for precise control glycopeptides.

Language: Английский

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Nervous System Repair and Immunity: Chiral Effects of Biomimetic Self‐Assembled Neuropeptide Hydrogels

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

Abstract Function‐encoding peptides have emerged as promising biomaterials capable of replicating the robust biological functions extracellular matrix (ECM). Nevertheless, full potential their sequence designability remains to be explored develop highly bioactive peptide‐based with minimal immunogenicity. In this study, chiral are self‐assembled into supramolecular hydrogels (FFFKTTKS/fffkttks) incorporating an active derived from collagen hydrolysis, a key ECM factor. While FFFKTTKS (L‐type) and fffkttks (D‐type) exhibit comparable viscoelasticity, porosity, architecture, they differ in nanofiber composition, particularly helical orientation. model spinal cord injury, hydrogel demonstrates superior neuronal regeneration motor function recovery compared its counterpart. Further investigations reveal that both equally promote expression ECM‐related genes, subsequently regulating nerve cell adhesion, differentiation, synaptic regeneration. Notably, elicits mild immune response exhibits moderate anti‐inflammatory properties. contrast, triggers response, activating TNF pathway microglia vivo. These findings underscore nanoscale superstructures specific peptide sequences can effectively modulate biocapability neuroregeneration, providing critical insights for rational design synthetic ECM.

Language: Английский

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Enantiomer-Dependent Supramolecular Antibacterial Therapy for Drug-Resistant Bacterial Keratitis

Langmuir, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Bacteria have the potential to exhibit divergent stereochemical preferences for different levels of chiral structures, including from molecule, supramolecule, nanomicroscale helical structure. Accordingly, structure-activity relationship between chirality and bactericidal activity remains uncertain. In this study, we seek understand multivalent molecular effect supramolecular polymers on antibacterial activity. Two n-butylazobenzene-modified l- d-tripeptides (abbreviated C4Azo-l-VKK-OH C4Azo-d-VKK-OH) were synthesized subsequently self-assembled in water into (designated l-Fiber d-Fiber, respectively). The d-Fiber displayed comparable nonhelical nanofiber morphologies but exhibited opposite chirality. A comparative study demonstrated that a markedly higher affinity bacteria, thereby demonstrating significantly enhanced efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) comparison d-Fiber. Following disassembly monomers via host-guest chemistry, potency both was found be almost lost, suggesting effect. Of note, superior efficacy curing MRSA-infected keratitis These findings highlight importance design development applications. This research also presents an effective strategy treatment drug-resistant bacteria-infected keratitis.

Language: Английский

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Chiral MoS2@BC fibrous membranes selectively promote peripheral nerve regeneration

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 17, 2024

Abstract Background Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) has excellent physical and chemical properties. Further, chiral MoS (CMS) exhibits chiroptical enantioselective effects, the properties of CMS have been studied for treatment neurodegenerative diseases. Intriguingly, left- right-handed materials different effects on promoting differentiation neural stem cells into neurons. However, effect enantioselectivity peripheral nerve regeneration remains unclear. Methods In this study, CMS@bacterial cellulose (BC) scaffolds were fabricated using a hydrothermal approach. The CMS@BC films synthesized with L-2-amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol was defined as L-CMS. D-2-amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol D-CMS. biocompatibility their Schwann (SCs) validated by cellular experiments. addition, these implanted in rat sciatic defect sites three months. Results These displayed high hydrophilicity, good mechanical properties, low cytotoxicity. we found that L-CMS superior to D-CMS SCs proliferation. After months, showed vivo, conducting velocities 51.2 m/s 26.8 m/s, respectively. better regenerative than scaffolds. Similarly, function index motor electrophysiological functions higher Finally, axon diameter myelin sheath thickness regenerated nerves improved group. Conclusion We can promote regeneration, general, group exhibited repair performance. Overall, findings study reveal be used nanomaterial scaffold repair. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Chiral Engineered Biomaterials: New Frontiers in Cellular Fate Regulation for Regenerative Medicine

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Abstract Chirality, the property of objects that are nonsuperimposable on their mirror images, plays a crucial role in biological processes and cellular behaviors. Chiral engineered biomaterials have emerged as promising approach to regulating fate regenerative medicine. However, few reviews provide comprehensive examination recent advancements chiral applications regulation. Herein, various fabrication techniques available for biomaterials, including use molecules, surface patterning, self‐assembly discussed. The mechanisms through which influence responses, such modulation adhesion receptors, intracellular signaling, gene expression, explored. Notably, demonstrated ability guide stem cell differentiation augment tissue‐specific functions. potential musculoskeletal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular wound healing highlighted. Challenges future perspectives, standardization methods translation clinical settings, addressed. In conclusion, offer exciting prospects precisely controlling fate, advancing medicine, enabling personalized therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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The First Reciprocal Activities of Chiral Peptide Pharmaceuticals: Thymogen and Thymodepressin, as Examples

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 5042 - 5042

Published: May 6, 2024

Peptides show high promise in the targeting and intracellular delivery of next-generation biotherapeutics. The main limitation is peptides’ susceptibility to proteolysis biological systems. Numerous strategies have been developed overcome this challenge by chemically enhancing resistance proteolysis. In nature, amino acids, except glycine, are found L- D-enantiomers. change from one form other will primary structure polypeptides proteins may affect their function activity. Given inherent chiral nature systems enantiomeric selectivity, there rising interest manipulating chirality enhance biomolecular interactions. review, we discuss first examples up-and-down homeostasis regulation two drugs: immunostimulant Thymogen (L-Glu-L-Trp) immunosuppressor Thymodepressin (D-Glu(D-Trp)). This study shows perspective exploring remove wall between D-biomolecules. selected clinical result be discussed.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing chirality: A new dawn in inorganic nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110791 - 110791

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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