Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 4, 2024
Abstract
Carbon
recycling
is
poised
to
emerge
as
a
prominent
trend
for
mitigating
severe
climate
change
and
meeting
the
rising
demand
energy.
Converting
carbon
dioxide
(CO
2
)
into
green
energy
valuable
feedstocks
through
photocatalytic
CO
reduction
(PCCR)
offers
promising
solution
global
warming
needs.
Among
all
semiconductors,
zinc
oxide
(ZnO)
has
garnered
considerable
interest
due
its
ecofriendly
nature,
biocompatibility,
abundance,
exceptional
semiconducting
optical
properties,
cost‐effectiveness,
easy
synthesis,
durability.
This
review
thoroughly
discusses
recent
advances
in
mechanistic
insights,
fundamental
principles,
experimental
parameters,
modulation
of
ZnO
catalysts
direct
PCCR
C
1
products
(methanol).
Various
modification
techniques
are
explored,
including
atomic
size
regulation,
synthesis
strategies,
morphology
manipulation,
doping
with
cocatalysts,
defect
engineering,
incorporation
plasmonic
metals,
single
atom
boost
performance.
Additionally,
highlights
importance
photoreactor
design,
reactor
types,
geometries,
operating
modes,
phases.
Future
research
endeavors
should
prioritize
development
cost‐effective
catalyst
immobilization
methods
solid‐liquid
separation
recycling,
while
emphasizing
use
abundant
non‐toxic
materials
ensure
environmental
sustainability
economic
viability.
Finally,
outlines
key
challenges
proposes
novel
directions
further
enhancing
ZnO‐based
conversion
processes.
