Interpenetrating Polymer Networks in Biomedical Fields: Recent Advanced and Applications

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Recent developments in polymer materials have led to an increased implementation of hydrogels biomedical settings, especially the creation smart hydrogels. Traditional single‐network often exhibit challenges, such as poor mechanical strength, insufficient biocompatibility, and slow response rates. To address these issues, researchers introduced Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) hydrogels, which significantly improve strength via topological entanglements physical interactions. This dual‐network design not only enhances biocompatibility but also responsiveness stimuli, endowing with distinctive properties like cell adhesion, conductivity, hemostatic functions, antioxidant abilities, color‐changing properties. The purpose this article is elucidate factors that trigger stimuli IPN their impacts on cellular behavior, various applications they can serve. A comprehensive overview provided regarding classification, mechanisms, performance attributes, related subjects. Ultimately, review emphasizes promise hold fulfilling increasing need for innovative improved features sector.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Biomedical Applications of MXene‐Integrated Electrospun Fibers: A Review

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The integration of MXenes into electrospun fibers represents a significant leap forward in advancing biomedical applications. This review delves the synergistic combination and fibers, highlighting their multifaceted capabilities tissue engineering, drug delivery, antimicrobial activity, cancer therapy, biosensing. Exceptional properties MXene, including electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, mechanical robustness, surface tunability, offer unique advantages when incorporated nanofibrous scaffolds. By enhancing strength, promoting cellular interactions, enabling targeted therapeutic functions, MXene‐based demonstrate immense potential addressing critical challenges biomedicine. provides comprehensive overview recent advances MXene synthesis, incorporation matrices, applications, while also identifying future directions this emerging field.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Smart Chromogenic Hydrogel Composites for Next‐Generation Digital Applications

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The rapid advancement of digital technologies has heightened the demand for multifunctional smart materials with adaptive and responsive capabilities. Among these, chromogenic hydrogel composites have emerged as promising candidates next‐generation applications due to their unique stimuli‐responsive behavior. These hydrogels exhibit dynamic optical changes in response external triggers such light, temperature, pH, humidity, mechanical stress, electric or magnetic fields, enabling a wide range functionalities data storage, security, authentication, anti‐counterfeiting technologies. This review provides comprehensive examination composites, focusing on fundamental design principles, mechanisms, emerging systems. categorizes these based response, including photochromic, hydrochromic, electrochromic, magnetochromic, thermochromic, tribochromic, mechanochromic systems, analyzing key material compositions functional characteristics. Furthermore, recent advances fabrication techniques 3D 4D printing, self‐healing networks, multi‐stimuli‐responsive are discussed, highlighting potential programmable displays, rewritable encrypted security Finally, identifies current challenges future directions field, emphasizing need enhanced durability, faster times, improved integration insights presented this work aim guide development innovative interactive intelligent materials.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Smart Polymeric Micelles for Targeted Drug Delivery

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Smart polymeric micelles have emerged as versatile nanocarriers in targeted drug delivery, driven by their unique ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents and deliver them with precision specific sites. This review delves into the recent advancements design, functionality, biomedical applications of these nanostructures, emphasizing role enhancing efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. The begins discussing principles behind stimuli‐responsive micelles, exploring mechanisms triggered pH, redox conditions, temperature, light achieve controlled release. It highlights advances functionalization strategies, including surface modifications targeting ligands stimuli‐sensitive linkages, which enhance specificity adaptability pathological microenvironments. Subsequent sections focus on cutting‐edge applications, particularly cancer therapy, regenerative medicine, theranostics, showcasing potential addressing complex clinical challenges. Emerging technologies, such multi‐stimuli‐responsive systems hybrid are explored for overcome limitations loading, stability, release profiles. Despite significant progress, current technologies still face challenges, achieving consistent reproducible loading efficiencies, maintaining stability physiological environments, controlling precise kinetics, ensuring scalable cost‐effective production methods. concludes a discussion challenges future perspectives field, need integrating advanced polymer chemistry, nanotechnology, biomedicine develop next‐generation smart micelles. By providing comprehensive overview, this article aims underscore transformative advancing medicine interventions.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Stimuli‐Responsive Materials for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The increasing proliferation of electronic devices and advanced communication networks has resulted in heightened electromagnetic interference (EMI), posing significant challenges both technological environmental contexts. Traditional EMI shielding materials, such as metals composite coatings, offer limited adaptability are unable to meet the dynamic demands modern systems. Recent advancements have introduced smart stimuli‐responsive materials for shielding, which provide real‐time tunability, thereby addressing limitations conventional static solutions. These leverage various mechanisms—such compressive tensile strains, phase transitions, shape memory effects, responses chemical agents, humidity, or crossover angle changes—to dynamically adjust their effectiveness (EMI‐SE). This review provides an in‐depth analysis recent progress technologies, highlighting tunable mechanisms, material compositions, applications. Furthermore, it discusses existing potential future research directions required advancement this technology. By enabling environments, present a promising solution telecommunications, wearable electronics, aerospace, defense sectors.

Language: Английский

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Biomedical Potential of Cellulose: Current Trends and Future Directions

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12)

Published: Nov. 25, 2024

ABSTRACT The exploration of cellulose, a natural polysaccharide derived from renewable biomass, has seen significant advancements in recent years due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. This review paper comprehensively covers the latest developments cellulose derivatives as functional biomaterials for various biomedical applications. Emphasis is placed on intrinsic properties such mechanical strength, thermal stability, chemical modifiability, which enable wide‐ranging use drug delivery systems, wound dressings, tissue engineering, biosensors. article further delves into modification techniques—such oxidation, esterification, etherification—that enhance cellulose's performance, allowing it be fine‐tuned specialized medical applications, including creation scaffolds regeneration smart materials responsive release. Additionally, hybridization with inorganic offers potential developing superior antimicrobial improved characteristics. also addresses challenges processing, particularly concerning optimizing structure specific while highlighting future opportunities field personalized medicine intelligent healthcare devices. By examining both current innovations trends, this highlights growing importance sustainable versatile resource industry.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Multifunctional Naturally Derived Bioadhesives for Tissue Engineering and Wound Management

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Recent advancements in naturally derived bioadhesives have transformed their application across diverse medical fields, including tissue engineering, wound management, and surgery. This review focuses on the innovative development multifunctional nature of these bioadhesives, particularly emphasizing role enhancing adhesion performance wet environments optimizing mechanical properties for use dynamic tissues. Key areas covered include chemical physical mechanisms adhesion, incorporation multi‐adhesion strategies that combine covalent non‐covalent bonding, bioinspired designs mimicking natural adhesives such as those barnacles mussels. Additionally, discusses emerging applications regeneration musculoskeletal, cardiac, neural, ocular tissues, highlighting potential bioadhesive‐based therapies complex biological settings. Despite substantial progress, challenges scaling lab‐based innovations clinical overcoming environmental constraints remain critical. Ongoing research bioadhesive technologies aims to bridge gaps, promising significant improvements tailored therapeutic needs.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Applications of Smart Hydrogel Nanocomposites in 3D Printing

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT This review provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging applications stimuli‐responsive hydrogels in 3D printing, emphasizing their transformative potential creating adaptive and multifunctional structures. Stimuli‐responsive hydrogels, including magneto‐, thermo‐, pH‐, moisture‐, solvent‐, photo‐responsive varieties, have gained significant attention due to ability undergo dynamic changes response specific environmental stimuli. The begins by exploring fundamental characteristics fabrication methods used additive manufacturing, highlighting exceptional adaptability programmability. It then delves into various across diverse fields, soft robotics, tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, wearable electronics, food technology, electromagnetic interference shielding, anti‐counterfeiting technologies. By integrating latest advancements printing techniques, this aims offer insights how are enabling development innovative, intelligent, environmentally responsive systems. future perspectives section discusses challenges opportunities for advancing use suggesting directions research that could push boundaries functional materials programmable

Language: Английский

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Smart Microneedles in Biomedical Engineering: Harnessing Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers for Novel Applications

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in smart microneedles (MNs) within the biomedical field, focusing on integration stimuli‐responsive polymers for enhanced therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Conventional drug delivery methods are known face limitations precision, safety, patient compliance, which can be addressed by innovative features MNs. Through use various polymers, these MNs have been designed react environmental or physiological cues, allowing on‐demand release, biomarker sensing, localized interventions. Fundamental materials used fabrication MNs, including metals, composite hydrogels, reviewed, different categories stimuli‐responsiveness, such as photo, electro, thermal, mechanical, biochemical, explored. Application‐specific designs areas delivery, cancer therapy, diabetes management, skin disease treatments also examined. this discussion, it is highlighted that poised play significant role advancing personalized noninvasive medical treatments.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Potential Biomedical Applications of MXene‐Based Hydrogels

Polymers for Advanced Technologies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(12)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

ABSTRACT MXene‐based hydrogels represent a significant advancement in biomedical material science, leveraging the unique properties of 2D MXenes and versatile functionality hydrogels. This review discusses recent developments integration into hydrogel matrices, focusing on their applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, antimicrobial activity, tissue engineering, biosensing. MXenes, due to remarkable electrical conductivity, mechanical robustness, tunable surface chemistry, enhance properties, responsiveness environmental stimuli. Specifically, have shown great promise accelerating healing through photothermal effects, delivering drugs controlled manner, serving antibacterial agents. Their also enables targeted cancer therapies, including chemodynamic facilitated by high conductivity properties. Despite promising progress, challenges ensuring biocompatibility optimizing synthesis for large‐scale production remain. aims provide comprehensive overview current state applications, highlighting ongoing advancements potential future directions these multifunctional materials.

Language: Английский

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