Akkermansia muciniphilaand improved metabolic health during a dietary intervention in obesity: relationship with gut microbiome richness and ecology

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(3), P. 426 - 436

Published: June 22, 2015

Objective

Individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes differ from lean healthy individuals in their abundance of certain gut microbial species gene richness. Abundance Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin-degrading bacterium, has been inversely associated body fat mass glucose intolerance mice, but more evidence is needed humans. The impact diet weight loss on this bacterial unknown. Our objective was to evaluate the association between faecal A. muciniphila abundance, microbiome richness, diet, host characteristics, changes after calorie restriction (CR).

Design

intervention consisted 6-week CR period followed by stabilisation overweight obese adults (N=49, including 41 women). Faecal bioclinical parameters were measured at baseline stabilisation.

Results

At related fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio subcutaneous adipocyte diameter. Subjects higher richness exhibited healthiest metabolic status, particularly plasma triglycerides distribution. displayed greater improvement insulin sensitivity markers other clinical CR. These participants also experienced reduction it remained significantly than lower abundance. known be health.

Conclusions

healthier status better outcomes overweight/obese adults. interaction microbiota ecology warrants further investigation.

Trial registration number

NCT01314690.

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 26(0)

Published: Feb. 2, 2015

There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota associated with pathogenesis both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders.Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease, irritable syndrome (IBS), coeliac while allergy, asthma, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular obesity.In many these conditions, mechanisms leading to disease development involves pivotal mutualistic relationship between colonic microbiota, their products, host immune system.The establishment a 'healthy' early in life appears be critical maintaining homeostasis.Whilst we do not yet have clear understanding what constitutes picture emerging from recent studies identifying particular bacterial species healthy microbiota.In particular, residing within mucus layer colon, either through direct contact cells, or indirect communication via metabolites, may influence whether cellular homeostasis maintained are triggered.In addition inflammation, there some perturbations involved colorectal cancer.In this case, most important factor, rather products interaction diet microbiome.High-protein diets thought result production carcinogenic metabolites induction neoplasia epithelium.Ever more sensitive metabolomics methodologies reveal suite small molecules produced microbiome which mimic act as neurosignallers neurotransmitters.Coupled probiotic interventions alter psychological endpoints humans rodent models, data suggest CNS-related co-morbidities frequently GI originate intestine microbial dysbiosis.This review outlines current showing extent contributes disease.Based on date, can assess potential positively modulate composition ameliorate activity intervention.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: perspectives on the past, present, and future

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 383(9922), P. 1068 - 1083

Published: Dec. 3, 2013

Language: Английский

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Shotgun metagenomics, from sampling to analysis

Nature Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 35(9), P. 833 - 844

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiome in health and in disease

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 69 - 75

Published: Nov. 12, 2014

Recent technological advancements and expanded efforts have led to a tremendous growth in the collective knowledge of human microbiome. This review will highlight some important recent findings this area research.Studies described structure functional capacity bacterial microbiome healthy state variety disease states. Downstream analyses interactions between host its are starting provide mechanistic insights into these interactions. These data anticipated lead new opportunities for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment diseases.There is fast growing collection describing conditions available research community consideration further exploration. Ongoing characterize functions mechanisms underlying host-microbe better understanding role health disease.

Language: Английский

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