When Climate Reshuffles Competitors: A Call for Experimental Macroecology

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 31(11), P. 831 - 841

Published: Sept. 16, 2016

Language: Английский

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Eco‐evolution on the edge during climate change

Ecography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 42(7), P. 1280 - 1297

Published: March 28, 2019

We urgently need to predict species responses climate change minimize future biodiversity loss and ensure we do not waste limited resources on ineffective conservation strategies. Currently, most predictions of ignore the potential for evolution. However, evolution can alter ecological responses, different aspects ecology interact produce complex eco‐evolutionary dynamics under change. Here review how could warm cool range margins, where be especially important. discuss in isolation, then synthesize results consider multiple evolutionary processes might affect On dispersal increase expansion rates allow adapt novel conditions their new range. low genetic variation drift small range‐front populations also slow or halt expansions. Together, these effects cause a three‐step, stop‐and‐go pattern many species. isolation among maintain high that facilitates climates allows persist longer than expected without This ‘evolutionary extinction debt’ prevent other from shifting ranges. as increases populations, increasing mortality select decreased rapid contractions. Some explain why are responding predicted. conclude by suggesting resurveying historical studies measured trait frequencies, strength selection, heritabilities an efficient way our knowledge biology.

Language: Английский

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Climate change disrupts local adaptation and favours upslope migration

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 181 - 192

Published: Nov. 14, 2019

Contemporary climate change is proceeding at an unprecedented rate. The question remains whether populations adapted to historical conditions can persist under rapid environmental change. We tested will disrupt local adaptation and reduce population growth rates using the perennial plant Boechera stricta (Brassicaceae). In a large-scale field experiment conducted over five years, we exposed > 106 000 transplants historical, current, or future climates quantified fitness components. Low-elevation outperformed simulated (snow removal) across all experimental gardens. Local maladaptation also emerged in control treatments, but it was less pronounced than snow removal. recovered addition which reflect conditions. Our results revealed that low elevation risk decline, whereas upslope migration could enable persistence expansion higher locales. increase vulnerability change, even for geographically widespread species.

Language: Английский

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Plant adaptation to climate change—Where are we?

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 533 - 545

Published: June 18, 2020

Abstract Climate change poses critical challenges for population persistence in natural communities, agriculture and environmental sustainability, food security. In this review, we discuss recent progress climatic adaptation plants. We evaluate whether climate exerts novel selection disrupts local adaptation, gene flow can facilitate adaptive responses to change, phenotypic plasticity could sustain populations the short term. Furthermore, how influences species interactions. Through a more in‐depth understanding of these eco‐evolutionary dynamics, will increase our capacity predict potential plants under change. addition, review studies that dissect genetic basis plant Finally, highlight key research gaps, ranging from validating function elucidating molecular mechanisms, expanding systems model other species, testing fitness consequences alleles environments, designing multifactorial closely reflect complex interactive effects multiple factors. By leveraging interdisciplinary tools (e.g., cutting‐edge omics toolkits, ecological strategies, newly developed genome editing technology), researchers accurately probability persist through rapid intense period as well cultivate crops withstand conserve biodiversity systems.

Language: Английский

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Impact of climate change-induced alterations in peatland vegetation phenology and composition on carbon balance

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 827, P. 154294 - 154294

Published: March 2, 2022

Global climate is changing faster than humankind has ever experienced. Model-based predictions of future are becoming more complex and precise, but they still lack crucial information about the reaction some important ecosystems, such as peatlands. Peatlands belong to one largest carbon stores on Earth. They mostly distributed in high latitudes, where temperature rises other parts planet. Warmer changes precipitation patterns cause composition phenology peatland vegetation. Peat mosses less abundant, vascular plants cover increasing, vegetation season phenophases start sooner. The alterations assimilation release greenhouse gases. Therefore, this article reviews impact change-induced uncertainties that need be addressed for accurate prediction.

Language: Английский

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