The World Journal of Men s Health,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
38(1), P. 48 - 48
Published: March 27, 2019
Humans
carry
numerous
symbiotic
microorganisms
in
their
body,
most
of
which
are
present
the
gut.
Although
recent
technological
advances
have
produced
extensive
research
data
on
gut
microbiota,
there
various
confounding
factors
(e.g.,
diet,
race,
medications)
to
consider.
Sex
is
one
important
variables
affecting
but
association
has
not
yet
been
sufficiently
investigated.
results
inconsistent,
several
animal
and
human
studies
shown
sex
differences
microbiota.
Herein,
we
review
these
discuss
sex-dependent
as
well
possible
mechanisms
involved.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
99(4), P. 1877 - 2013
Published: Aug. 28, 2019
The
importance
of
the
gut-brain
axis
in
maintaining
homeostasis
has
long
been
appreciated.
However,
past
15
yr
have
seen
emergence
microbiota
(the
trillions
microorganisms
within
and
on
our
bodies)
as
one
key
regulators
function
led
to
appreciation
a
distinct
microbiota-gut-brain
axis.
This
is
gaining
ever
more
traction
fields
investigating
biological
physiological
basis
psychiatric,
neurodevelopmental,
age-related,
neurodegenerative
disorders.
brain
communicate
with
each
other
via
various
routes
including
immune
system,
tryptophan
metabolism,
vagus
nerve
enteric
nervous
involving
microbial
metabolites
such
short-chain
fatty
acids,
branched
chain
amino
peptidoglycans.
Many
factors
can
influence
composition
early
life,
infection,
mode
birth
delivery,
use
antibiotic
medications,
nature
nutritional
provision,
environmental
stressors,
host
genetics.
At
extreme
diversity
diminishes
aging.
Stress,
particular,
significantly
impact
at
all
stages
life.
Much
recent
work
implicated
gut
many
conditions
autism,
anxiety,
obesity,
schizophrenia,
Parkinson’s
disease,
Alzheimer’s
disease.
Animal
models
paramount
linking
regulation
fundamental
neural
processes,
neurogenesis
myelination,
microbiome
activation
microglia.
Moreover,
translational
human
studies
are
ongoing
will
greatly
enhance
field.
Future
focus
understanding
mechanisms
underlying
attempt
elucidate
microbial-based
intervention
therapeutic
strategies
for
neuropsychiatric
EBioMedicine,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
51, P. 102590 - 102590
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
A
substantial
body
of
literature
has
provided
evidence
for
the
role
gut
microbiota
in
metabolic
diseases
including
type
2
diabetes.
However,
reports
vary
regarding
association
particular
taxonomic
groups
with
disease.
In
this
systematic
review,
we
focused
on
potential
different
bacterial
taxa
affecting
We
have
summarized
from
42
human
studies
reporting
microbial
associations
disease,
and
identified
supporting
preclinical
or
clinical
trials
using
treatments
probiotics.
Among
commonly
reported
findings,
genera
Bifidobacterium,
Bacteroides,
Faecalibacterium,
Akkermansia
Roseburia
were
negatively
associated
T2D,
while
Ruminococcus,
Fusobacterium,
Blautia
positively
T2D.
also
discussed
molecular
mechanisms
effects
onset
progression
Current Oncology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
27(12), P. 87 - 97
Published: April 1, 2020
Compared
with
previous
standards
of
care
(including
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
and
surgery),
cancer
immunotherapy
has
brought
significant
improvements
for
patients
in
terms
survival
quality
life.
Immunotherapy
now
firmly
established
itself
as
a
novel
pillar
care,
from
the
metastatic
stage
to
adjuvant
neoadjuvant
settings
numerous
types.
In
this
review
article,
we
highlight
how
history
paved
way
discoveries
that
are
part
standard
care.
We
also
current
pitfalls
limitations
checkpoint
research
fields
personalized
vaccines,
autoimmunity,
microbiome,
tumour
microenvironment,
metabolomics
is
aiming
solve
those
challenges.
Circulation Research,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
127(4), P. 553 - 570
Published: July 30, 2020
Fecal
microbial
community
changes
are
associated
with
numerous
disease
states,
including
cardiovascular
(CVD).
However,
such
data
merely
associative.
A
causal
contribution
for
gut
microbiota
in
CVD
has
been
further
supported
by
a
multitude
of
more
direct
experimental
evidence.
Indeed,
transplantation
studies,
specific
microbiota-dependent
pathways,
and
downstream
metabolites
have
all
shown
to
influence
host
metabolism
CVD,
sometimes
through
identified
receptors.
Multiple
metaorganismal
pathways
(involving
both
microbe
host)
impact
animal
models
show
striking
clinical
associations
human
studies.
For
example,
trimethylamine
N-oxide
and,
recently,
phenylacetylglutamine
whose
blood
levels
incident
risks
large-scale
Importantly,
link
these
other
metabolites/pathways
mechanistic
model
Phenylacetylglutamine,
was
recently
promote
adverse
phenotypes
the
via
interaction
multiple
ARs
(adrenergic
receptors)-a
class
key
receptors
that
regulate
homeostasis.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
recent
advances
microbiome
research
related
cardiometabolic
helped
move
field
forward
from
associative
causative
results.
We
focus
on
compounds/pathways,
attention
paid
short-chain
fatty
acids,
secondary
bile
N-oxide,
phenylacetylglutamine.
also
discuss
novel
therapeutic
strategies
directly
targeting
improve
outcomes.
